Yushkov House

In the 1780s, Lieutenant-General Ivan Ivanovich Yushkov purchased a plot of land on Myasnitskaya Street to build a house, which was completed after his death. The authorship of the project is attributed to architect Vasily Bazhenov , although this is not documented ^[2] . By 1805, the building was built in rough, but the upper floors for a long time remained not finished ^[1] .

After the death of Ivan Ivanovich house belonged to his son, Peter Ivanovich Yushkov. During his time, magnificent balls and masonic meetings were held in the house. By the 1830s, Yushkov went bankrupt and had to rent the premises in his house. In 1838, the hall in the house of Yushkov began to rent the Moscow Art Society. In 1844, the School of Painting and Sculpture housed in Yushkov's house, the owner sold his house to an educational institution for 35 thousand rubles in silver ^[2] . Since 1865, the architecture began to teach in the school ^[3] . Since 1872 exhibitions were held in the school of the Wanderers ^[2] . At the end of the 19th century, Yushkov's house was rebuilt: the windows were extended, the decoration changed, and a brick building was attached from Bobrov Lane ^[3] .

At the beginning of the 19th century, buildings were built in the courtyard of the college where artists rented apartments. In 1918, State Free Art Workshops were located in the Yushkov House. In 1920, they were transformed into VHUTEMAS . In 1926 it was reorganized into the Vkhutein ^[1] . In 1942, the Moscow Mechanical Institute (now MEPI ) settled in Yushkov’s house ^[2] . After in 1962 the MEPhI moved to a new building on Kashirskoye Highway , the All-Union Research and Design Institute for Industrial Automated Control Systems (VNIPIOASU) and the organization TSNIITEIMS ^[4] were housed in Yushkov’s house. In the 1980s, the Turgenev Library was supposed to be moved to the Yushkov House ^[3] . But in 1986 the house was transferred to the Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Art Pedagogy. In 1989, the institute was transformed into the Russian Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture ^[2] . In the second half of the 1990s, a restoration was carried out in Yushkov’s house ^[1] .

The composite core of Yushkov’s house is an angular semi-rotunda with an Ionic colonnade . This semi-rotude was subsequently repeatedly copied by other Moscow architects. The side wings of the Yushkov House, facing the street and the lane, have the same architecture and design. The lower ground floor is decorated with stone slabs, the walls of the upper floors are covered with plaster. The premises of Yushkov’s house have rectangular, round and oval shapes. From the ceremonial lobby, which has an elliptical shape, a staircase leads upstairs. In the corner of the building are placed round halls ^[1] .

Several memorial plaques have been installed on Yushkov’s house. One of them reports that from 1857 to 1882 AK Savrasov taught at the school. Another board was installed in memory of V. I. Lenin 's visit to VHUTEMAS in 1921 ^[3] .