Pallet , or pallet , [1] - a transport container that has a rigid platform and a place sufficient to create an enlarged cargo unit, used as a basis for the collection, storage, transshipment and transportation of goods. Designed for storage of cargo and its movement using mechanical means [2] .
Goods placed on a pallet can be pulled to it with straps (fastening tapes) or wrapped with shrink or stretch films .
Content
Classification and features
Distinguish between two-way and four-way pallets, the design of the first provides the ability to enter the forks on only two opposite sides, the second allows you to enter the forks of the loader on four sides.
Pallets can also be single-deck and double-deck , that is, having a platform for placing cargo on only one or both sides.
Pallets are divided into disposable , which are usually disposed of after use, and multi- use, used repeatedly.
Pallets are made of wood, metal or plastic . There are also pallets made from recycled materials , for example, from cardboard. An empty pallet weighs 15-21 kg. Most pallets have a payload greater than 1000 kg.
The dimensions of disposable pallets are usually not regulated. The dimensions of multi-turn pallets, the requirements for their strength and the designations applied to them are standardized.
In some cases, pallets have removable or folding elements. An example is pallets for storing and transporting car tires , which have folding corner racks that allow pallets to be stacked on top of each other without wrinkling the tires. When stored in a folded (empty) position, they occupy 5-6 times less volume.
European pallets
In Europe, the standard EUR pallet is usually used (in Russia called the "Euro pallet", "Euro pallet"), which has dimensions of 800 × 1200 × 144 mm. It is used mainly for retail trade , its size is determined by the internal dimensions of trucks delivering goods from warehouses to retail trade institutions.
| Type of EURO | Main dimensions (W × L) | ISO name |
|---|---|---|
| EUR EUR 1 | 800 × 1200x144 mm | ISO1 |
| EUR 2 | 1200 × 1000x144 mm | ISO2 |
| EUR 3 | 1000 × 1200x144 mm | |
| EUR 6 | 800 × 600x144 mm | ISO0 |
| 600 × 400 mm | one fourth of EUR | |
| 400 × 300 mm | one eighth of EUR |
ISO Pallets
The ISO 6780 standard establishes pallets in six sizes [3] , in particular 1000 × 1200 × 144 mm (ISO2, the so-called “Finnish pallet”, since this standard is common in Finland ).
| Dimensions (W × L) mm | Dimensions (W × L) inches | Prevalence Regions |
|---|---|---|
| 1016 × 1219 | 40.00 × 48.00 | North America |
| 1000 × 1200 | 39.37 × 47.24 | Europe Asia; similar to 40 "× 48". |
| 1165 × 1165 | 45.9 × 45.9 | Australia |
| 1067 × 1067 | 42.00 × 42.00 | North America, Europe, Asia |
| 1100 × 1100 | 43.30 × 43.30 | Asia |
| 800 × 1200 | 31.50 × 47.24 | Europe; fits most doorways |
The problem of phytosanitary control of wooden pallets
There is a known problem in the customs clearance of goods arriving from abroad on wooden pallets: for the import of such goods, a paid phytosanitary control at the border is required. Plastic and metal pallets do not have this drawback, they do not need such control .
See also
- Pallet truck
- Container
Notes
- ↑ Pallet: f. R., one letter “l” according to the Russian Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Academy of Sciences . Date of treatment July 4, 2012. Archived on August 4, 2012. pallet is an erroneous option.
- ↑ Production of wooden transport pallets // LesPromInform No. 7 (65) for 2009
- ↑ What Are The Standard Pallet Size Dimensions? . Date of treatment November 3, 2017.
Literature
Links
- Petr KAZANETS, Article “Production of wooden transport pallets” part 2 / LesPromInform No. 7 (65) and No. 8 (66) for 2009
- Vladislav Artamonov, Article “Oratorio on a phytosanitary topic” - Article from Loginfo magazine 2007 No. 3Folded tire tray.