5th division ( 5th d ) - a military unit in the Crimean Azov Volunteer Army of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia during the Civil War in Russia .
| 5th division | |
|---|---|
| Years of existence | January 19, 1919 - May 21, 1919 |
| A country |  Russia |
| Subordination | early June - January 19 - May 21, 1919: Armed forces of the South of Russia , Crimean Azov Volunteer Army |
| Type of | ground troops |
| Dislocation | South of Russia |
| Participation in | Civil war in Russia |
Content
History
1919 year
On January 19 (old style), the 5th division was formed in the Crimean Azov Volunteer Army of the Armed Forces of the South of Russia . [1] , [2] , [3]
The division included: [1]
- Combined Guards Regiment [1]
- Melitopol Infantry Battalion (formed from the Melitopol Detachment; from January 27, 1919 regiment) [1]
- Berdyansk infantry battalion (formed from the Berdyansk detachment) [1]
- Perekop infantry battalion (formed from the Perekop detachment) [1]
- 1st Artillery Division (from the emerging 1st Guards Artillery Division) [1]
- 2nd Artillery Division (from the emerging 2nd Guards Artillery Division) [1]
- 3rd Artillery Division (from the emerging Guard Consolidated Heavy Artillery Division) [1]
- Separate horse-mountain battery (from the Mountain Battery of the Combined Guards Regiment) [1]
- Spare Cavalry Regiment [1]
- Combined Guards Regiment . (Guards Consolidated Infantry Regiment, Consolidated Guards Infantry Regiment). Formed by order of October 19, 1918 in the Volunteer Army. Initially, all officers of the guard were brought into it, but soon the cavalrymen stood out in separate formations. January 19, 1919 included in the 5th division, from March 6 to July was part of the detachment of General Vinogradov. Commanders: Colonel N. N. Doroshevich (until October 1918; assassinated), Colonel A. A. Morozov (October 1918), Major General P. E. Tillo [4] (October 25, 1918 - May 11, 1919), Colonel Mikhailov (Wreed; spring 1919), Colonel G.V. Saks (Wreed; since March 30, 1919), Colonel E.F. Manturov (Wreed; May 22 - June 17, 1919), Major General Baron N.I. Shtakelberg (with May 16, 1919). [1] , [5]
- Tillo, Pavel Eduardovich. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR; in the reserve of ranks at the headquarters of the Commander-in-Chief, from 25.10.1918 commander of the Consolidated Guards Regiment, 03/01/1919 commander of the guards detachment of the Crimean-Azov Army; from 04.17.1919 commander of the Combined Guards detachment. He was evacuated on 12.1919-02.1920 from Odessa to Thessaloniki [4] .
- The Melitopol Infantry Battalion was formed from the Melitopol Detachment. From January 19, 1919 in the 5th division, from January 27, 1919 deployed to the regiment. [1] [6] .
- The reserve cavalry regiment was formed in the Volunteer Army on the territory of the Tauride province, was part of the Crimean division. January 19, 1919 included in the 5th Infantry Division. Regiment commander Colonel V.S. Gershelman (1918 - February 20, 1919). The regiment was disbanded on May 22, 1919. [1] , [7]
In January, the commander of the Consolidated Guards Regiment, Major General P.E. Tillo, was appointed commander of the guards detachment of the Crimean Azov Volunteer Army. [four]
On January 27, the Melitopol Infantry Battalion was reorganized into the Melitopol Infantry Regiment. [6]
February 9 (senior) by rail to the city of Melitopol, Melitopol district of the Taurida province , the 1st officer battalion of the Simferopol Officer Regiment (hereinafter Symph. Of. Regiment ) arrived at the disposal of Nachdiva-5 of General N. N. Schilling divisions under the command of staff captain N. I. Orlov . The battalion was stationed in Melitopol. [eight]
February 14 (senior) 1st office. Battalion Symph. An official regiment from Melitopol was sent to the railway station Upper Tokmak station at the disposal of the commander of the Guards detachment, Major General P.E. Tillo . [8] [4]
On February 16 (senior), hostilities began between the white Guards detachment, Major General P.E. Tillo, and the rebel detachments of the Ukrainian chieftain N.I. Makhno, a native of Yekaterinoslav province . [eight]
Rebel Ukrainians recaptured from white railways Art. Upper Tokmak and the villages of Kirilovka , Basan , Petropavlovka . 1st of. Battalion Symph. The regiment lost 2 officers and 1 officers and 1 soldier wounded. Under pressure from the Ukrainian rebel detachments of the chieftain N. Makhno, the White Guards detachment of General P.E. Tillo moved to the line Tomb Tokmak - Novopoltavka - Semenovka , 1st of. Battalion Symph. Of.polka occupied the area of height Tomb Tokmak - Novopoltavka. [eight]
Major General P.E. Tillo, having information that Ataman N.I. Makhno was concentrating his troops in the area of Pologi - Horse Razdor - Basan - Orekhov, presumably for a further attack, was preparing his troops for an attack on Pologi - Gulyai Pole ( in the village of Gulyaypole of Aleksandrovsky Uyezd was the headquarters of ataman N. Makhno) [eight]
On February 23 (senior), the troops of the White Guards detachment of General P.E. Tillo occupied the starting lines for the offensive scheduled for February 24. [eight]
On February 23 (senior), the chieftain of the 3rd Zadniprovsk Ukrainian Soviet Brigade of the 1st Zadniprovsk Ukrainian Soviet Division N. I. Makhno himself went on the offensive and took the railroad. Art. Upper Tokmak , breaking the connection of the white Guards detachment of General P.E. Tillo of the 5th Division with the city of Melitopol, warning the advance of the white troops. The onset of the guards by General P.E. Tillo was canceled. [eight]
February 24 (senior) near the village of Novopoltavka with the advancing troops of the chieftain N.I. Makhno the white detachment of General P.E. Tillo entered the fray. The White forces hardly restrained the advancing and, under their pressure, fought a rear-guard battle. The 1st, 2nd and 4th companies of the 1st office participated in this battle. Battalion Symph. Of. a regiment with 2 machine guns, 2 guns and the Muromets armored train . [eight]
February 24 from 12:00 Art. Greater Tokmak Berdyansk district of the Tauride province was defended by a detachment under the command of Captain Stolnikov. [eight]
Zadniprovtsy-Makhnovists with three thick chains (approximately 3000-4000 people) launched an attack on the railway section "Upper Tokmak - Semenovka" inclusive, having on the left flank, east of the railway, 150-200 horse riders with the support of 2 guns. Before them he occupied the defense of the 1st of. Battalion Symph. of. shelf. The 4th company with 2 machine guns occupied the height of the Tokmok Tomb, the 1st and 2nd companies with 2 guns occupied the village of Novopoltavka. The guns took up a position south of Novopoltavka. The Makhnovists, despite their numerical superiority, advanced very slowly, opening rifle fire from 2-3 versts. White guns with well-aimed fire restrained the Makhnovists' advance. [eight]
Around 15.00, the Makhnovists occupied the village of Semenovka, on the left flank, and launched an offensive to cover the white left flank. Ataman cavalry advanced east of the Upper Tokmak - Belmanka railway. The armored train "Muromets", coming from Belmanka, rolled downhill and was unable to provide assistance to its troops. The White Guard chains and machine guns opened fire on the cavalry. [eight]
The artillery of Captain Stolnikov’s detachment shot all the shells, the Makhnovists were already threatening the rear and the escape routes to the village. Chernihivka, so Stolnikov with a strong rifle and machine gun fire stopped the Makhnovists' advance and quickly diverted company companies to the southern outskirts of the village of Novopoltavka. From there, the detachment moved to Chernihivka, then by 20.00 arrived in Waldheim. [eight]
In Waldheim, the entire Guards detachment of General P.E. Tillo was concentrated. General P.E. Tillo had no connection with General-5 N.N. Schilling, a zachdiv-5, so it was risky to go to Melitopol. The general decided to bypass the county town of Melitopol, Melitopol county from the east, and move to Tavria ( Crimea ) along the road Waldheim - Astrakhan - Voznesenskoye - Konstantinovka - Lukovich's farm - Rodionovka . [eight]
February 25 (senior), at dawn, the Guard detachment of General P.E. Tillo, landed on carts, marched towards Astrakhan, having the 1st of. Battalion of the Simferopol Officer Regiment of the 4th Division. [eight]
On the night of February 25 to 26, the detachment of Major General P.E. Tillo passed with. Astrakhan and moved further to Tikhonovka - Voznesenskoye - Konstantinovka - Lukovich's farm, where the detachment was supposed to cross the river. Dairy. They moved secretly and all the time without intelligence. In Konstantinovka they learned that in the city of Melitopol there were no Makhnovist troops, and the station was occupied by white troops. General P.E. Tillo, not daring to send reconnaissance to the station, ordered to move to the river crossing. Dairy. Captain Stolnikov independently went to the Melitopol station, where he found a white detachment (possibly Colonel Mikhailov, commander of the battery of the 13th artillery brigade), found out the situation, and received Telegraph’s order from General N.N. Schilling to General P.E. Tillo immediately with contact them via train Art. Akimovka and further railway Art. Rodionovki does not move. [eight]
From February 26 (senior), the Consolidated Regiment of the Guards Cuirassier Division (from February 26 to May 22) joined the division. [one]
On the evening of February 27, the 1st of. Battalion Symph. The official regiment was removed from the Guards detachment of General P.E. Tillo and the battalion commander received an independent task - to occupy the railway Art. Akimovka. [eight]
From February 27 to March 5 (art.) The 1st of. battalion (1st, 2nd and 4th company) Symph. Of. the regiment led rearguard battles (defensive battles during the retreat) from the railway Art. Akimovka , then along the line yellow. roads to railway Art. Rykovo. [eight]
On March 1, the 5th division conducted restraining battles in northern Tavria.
March 5 from the line of defense Art. Akimovka - railway line to the station. Rykovo »1st of. battalion (1st, 2nd and 4th company) Symph. Of. the regiment was transported to the railway Art. Dzhankoy in Tavria. [eight]
On March 6, the Combined Guards Regiment, commander of the regiment, Major General P.E. Tillo (10.25-11.05.1919), was removed from the 5th division and included in the detachment of General Vinogradov. [5] , [9]
On May 21 (old), 1919, the 5th Division was named the 5th Infantry Division . [one]
Command
Head of Division:
- Lieutenant General N.N. Schilling (January 22 (old)) - May 21 (old) 1919) [1]
Chief of staff:
- Colonel B. N. Sergeevsky (from January 24 (senior) 1919) [1]
Composition
On January 19 (old) 1919: [1] Crimean-Azov Volunteer Army
- Combined Guards Regiment [1]
- Melitopol Infantry Battalion (formed from the Melitopol Detachment; from January 27, 1919 regiment) [1]
- Berdyansk infantry battalion (formed from the Berdyansk detachment) [1]
- Perekop infantry battalion (formed from the Perekop detachment) [1]
- 1st Artillery Division (from the emerging 1st Guards Artillery Division), [1]
- 2nd Artillery Division (from the emerging 2nd Guards Artillery Division) [1]
- 3rd Artillery Division (from the emerging Guard Consolidated Heavy Artillery Division) [1]
- Separate horse-mountain battery (formed from the Mountain Battery of the Combined Guards Regiment) [1]
- Spare Cavalry Regiment [1]
From February 26 (senior), the Consolidated Regiment of the Guards Cuirassier Division (from February 26 to May 22) joined the division. [one]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 http://swolkov.org/bdorg/bdorg041.htm Site of historian Sergei Vladimirovich Volkov. White movement in Russia: organizational structure. "5th Orenburg ... - 8th Chita ..." 5th Infantry Division.
- ↑ http://swolkov.ru/bdorg/bdorg15.htm#1074 Site of historian Sergei Vladimirovich Volkov. White movement in Russia: organizational structure. “Kornilovskiy strike regiment - Life Guards 1st Artillery ...” Crimean-Azov Volunteer Army.
- ↑ http://swolkov.ru/bdorg/bdorg08.htm#778 The site of historian Sergei Vladimirovich Volkov. White movement in Russia: organizational structure. "Vladivostok ... - Armed ..." Armed Forces of the South of Russia (VSYUR).
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Pavel Eduardovich Tillo . // Project "Russian Army in the Great War".
- ↑ 1 2 http://swolkov.org/bdorg/bdorg23.htm Site of the historian Sergei Vladimirovich Volkov. White movement in Russia: organizational structure. Combined Guards Regiment.
- ↑ 1 2 Site of historian Sergei Vladimirovich Volkov. White movement in Russia: organizational structure. Melitopol Infantry Battalion
- ↑ http://swolkov.ru/bdorg/bdorg13.htm#949 Site of the historian Sergei Vladimirovich Volkov. White movement in Russia: organizational structure. Spare Cavalry Regiment (I).
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 http://srn-feodosia.ru/category/simferopolsikj-oficerskij-polk Union of the Russian people. Theodosian department. Simferopol officer regiment. Compiled by V. Almendinger (with the active participation of K.V. Mustafin) Los Angelos. 1962.
- ↑ http://swolkov.ru/bdorg/bdorg20.htm#1327 Site of historian Sergei Vladimirovich Volkov. White movement in Russia: organizational structure. Detachment of Major General Vinogradov.
Literature
- B. B. Filimonov “The White Army of Admiral Kolchak”, 1997
- White movement in Russia: organizational structure. M., 2000, 368 p.