Acts of terrorism in Volgograd (December 2013)

The course of events

December 29, 2013 at 12 hours 45 minutes ( MSK ) in the building of Volgograd I railway station at the entrance to the inspection area an explosion occurred. Its capacity, according to preliminary estimates, was not less than 10 kg in TNT equivalent ^{[5] [6]} . This explosion was the second of the three terrorist attacks in Volgograd in 2013 .

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Dead and injured

14 people died at the scene ^[7] . Among them are two teenagers, a police officer and two employees of Russian Railways, who worked on the inspection equipment ^[8] .

Medical assistance was required by 49 victims. Two of them refused hospitalization, five received outpatient treatment, 34 were hospitalized ^[9] .

In the following days, four patients died in hospitals ^[3] ; 9 people were evacuated to Moscow ^[3] .

Among the victims were six policemen who served at the station, two children, residents of the Volgograd, Moscow, Ivanovo regions, the Republic of Udmurtia, a citizen of Armenia ^[10] . Also during the terrorist attack, one citizen of Tajikistan died, while another died in hospital from severe injuries ^[11] .

On January 27, 2014, by decree of the President of Russia, for the courage, bravery and dedication shown in the line of duty, distinguished employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Russian Railways were awarded state awards. Police Senior Sergeant Dmitry Makovkin , who prevented a terrorist from entering the interior of the waiting room, was posthumously awarded the Order of Courage ^[12] . Also the Order of Courage was awarded to: police chief Sergey Zhivotov, passenger inspection inspector Sergey Nalyvayko (posthumously), police senior sergeant Dmitry Uskov, police chief Denis Shantyr. The Inspectors for Inspection Denis Andreev (posthumously), Natalya Dudina and Svetlana Chebanu and police officers Alexander Kiselev, Evgeny Petelin and Vitaly Tsyganov ^{[13] were} awarded the Medal for Courage .

The course of events

In the morning of December 30, 2013, trolleybus No. 1233 moved along route No. 15A from the “Hospital Complex” bus stop from the “Seven Winds” sleeping area to the city center and then to the “Pl. them. Kuibyshev. At 08:25 ( MSK ) ^[1] (according to other data - around 8:10 ^[14] , at 8:10 ^[15] , at 8:23 ^[16] ) he passed houses number 122, 124 on ul. Kachintsev, not far from the bus stop “ College of Business ” in the opposite direction and the Kaczynski market. At this moment, an explosion of about 4 kg in trotyl equivalent occurred in the cabin ^[17] .

According to preliminary data, the bomb was activated by a suicide bomber ^[18] . Also considered is a version of the undermining of an explosive device planted in the cabin of a trolleybus ^[19] .

The trolley bus is completely destroyed ^[20] .

Dead and injured

11 people died at the scene, 3 more people died while being transported to hospitals ^[9] .

27 victims were hospitalized, including an infant. In the following days, two people died in the hospital ^[4] , 6 patients were evacuated to Moscow ^[3] .

A criminal case was initiated under Articles 105 A, E, F, L (“Murder of two or more persons; in a generally dangerous manner; committed by a group of persons in a preliminary conspiracy or organized group; for reasons of political, ideological, racial, national or religious hatred or hostility motives of hatred or hostility towards any social group "); 111 (“Intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm”); 167 (“Intentional destruction or damage to property”); 205 (“Terrorist Act”) and 222 (“Illegal acquisition, transfer, sale, storage, transportation or carrying of weapons, their main parts, ammunition, explosives and explosive devices”) of the Criminal Code ^[21] .

In January 2014, secret service sources reported that the terrorist who blew up the trolleybus arrived in Volgograd on December 29, along with Asker Samedov, who exploded at the railway station on the same day. The second terrorist took a single room in a student hotel "Academic" at the Volgograd College of Business . The next morning, the terrorist left the hotel, walked around the Kaczynski market, got into trolley bus No. 15A at the Kachinsky Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots, and after driving a few meters, he detonated an explosive device. In the hotel room were found traces of explosives. ^[22]

On January 30, 2014, the NAC of the Russian Federation reported that the personalities of the suicide bombers who had set up the bombings in Volgograd were identified. These are members of the Buynaksk terrorist group Asker Samedov and Suleiman Magomedov. They also carried out an explosion at the railway station on December 29, 2013. ^[23]

The first terrorist, Asker Samedov, blew himself up at the railway station building. The second terrorist, Suleiman Magomedov (06/01/1989), stood and watched the scene on the square, and the next day he blew himself up in a trolleybus ^[24] .

At the same time, it is reported that on January 29, Magomednabi and Tagir Batirov’s brothers involved in the transfer of suicide bombers to Volgograd were detained on the territory of Dagestan ^[25] . It has been established that they brought suicide bombers from Dagestan to Volgograd in the cargo compartment of the Kamaz automobile, disguising them with bales of hay.

On February 5, 2014, during the special operation in Izberbash of the Republic of Dagestan, 4 militants involved in the organization of the terrorist act, including the leader of the gang, Jamaltin Mirzaev, were killed. The owner of the house, Ibrahim Magomedov, was detained. On February 20, another accomplice of terrorists, Alautdin Dadayev, was detained.

On December 5, 2014, the Dzerzhinsky District Court of Volgograd sentenced the terrorists. Dadaev and Magomedov were sentenced to 19 years of imprisonment each with serving in a strict regime colony, the Batirov brothers were 3 years 10 months with serving a general regime colony and all followed by restriction of freedom for a period of 2 years. In addition, the claims of the victims were satisfied ^[26] .

The Ministry of Emergency Situations provided a special board for urgent medical evacuation of victims of terrorist attacks from Volgograd to Moscow ^[27] .

The section of the road on which the trolleybus was blown up, connected the microdistrict "7 winds" with the city center. Traffic on this site after the explosion was stopped. The city administration organized a temporary route ^[28] .

It was decided to pay through the social security agencies to the families of the victims 1 million rubles from the regional one and 1 million rubles from the federal budget; all victims will receive from the budget from 200 to 400 thousand rubles. In total, more than 100 million rubles were allocated from the federal and regional budgets for compensation ^[29] . In addition, RESO-Garantiya , in which the carrier’s liability was insured, and the National Union of Liability Insurers announced that payments to victims will be made according to the standards established by law, despite the fact that the risk of a terrorist act is not covered by the law on compulsory carrier liability insurance. According to this law, the amount of insurance payment in case of death is 2,025,000 rubles, for health damage - up to 2,000,000 rubles, depending on the severity of the injuries ^[30] .

In the Volgograd region, a five-day mourning was declared - from December 30, 2013 to January 3, 2014. ^[31]

On December 30, the National Anti-Terrorism Committee ordered to take additional measures to ensure public order, strengthen the inspection system in transport and in places of public events ^[32] .

In his New Year address to the Russians , recorded on December 31 in Khabarovsk, Russian President Vladimir Putin touched upon the topic of terrorist acts in Volgograd and stated that “we will confidently, firmly and consistently continue the fight against terrorists until they are completely destroyed” ^[33] .

Early in the morning of January 1, 2014, Putin arrived in Volgograd and held a meeting in the regional administration on countering terrorism, met with the families of the injured in the hospital, and laid flowers at the explosion site ^[34] .

On April 2, 2014, the governor of the Volgograd Region, Sergei Bozhenov, resigned on his own accord.

Following the investigation, the authorities adopted an anti-terrorism package of laws. It includes laws that equate popular blogs with media, expanding the powers of the FSB in the fight against terrorism, toughening Internet payments and responsibility for organizing riots ^[35] .

Shortly after the explosion, rumors of new explosions began to spread among the city’s population. Representatives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the city administration denied these rumors ^{[36] [37]} . Against this background, city residents began to refuse to travel in public transport, many traveled to work and on foot ^[38] .

The leader of " Fair Russia " Sergei Mironov believes that the governor of the Volgograd region, Sergei Bozhenov, should resign after a series of terrorist attacks: "The governor must be immediately sent to resign" ^[39] . The day before, Viktor Kazantsev , the former Presidential Plenipotentiary Representative in the Southern Federal District, said: “Along with the condolences to the wounded, relatives and friends of the injured and the dead, I am personally overwhelmed with surprise and anger. The explosion in Volgograd should lead to resignation. Personnel in matters of security, decide if not all, then a lot. Already after the October explosions in the Volgograd bus , the question arose about the service conformity of the governor of the region Bozhenova ” ^[40] .

A number of shopping centers in the city ceased their work in order to avoid terrorist attacks on their territory ^[41] . They expressed discontent with the inaction of the regional authorities and residents of the city. Some of them planned to hold a people's gathering on December 30 at the Alley of Heroes ^{[42] [43] [44]} . The people's gathering, which consisted mainly of nationalists, was dispersed by riot police , about 25 people who lit candles in memory of the victims of the terrorist attacks were detained ^[45] . On the same day, internal troops were brought into Volgograd ^{[46] [47] [48]} .

In Moscow, December 30, 2013, a rally was held in memory of the victims of terrorist acts. People brought flowers and candles to the building of the Representative Office of the Volgograd Region in solidarity with the victims, their families and friends ^[49] .

On December 31, 2013, the Ukrainian Euromaidan honored the memory of those killed in the Volgograd terrorist attacks. People on Euromaidan in Kiev lit about two hundred candles in memory of the victims of the terrorist attacks in Volgograd ^[50] .

On January 19, 2014, a message appeared on the Kavkaz Center website with a video message of suicide bombers from the terrorist group Ansar al-Sunna, who claimed responsibility for the terrorist act ^{[51] [52] [53]} . According to the Associated Press, the Vilayat Dagestan , based in the North Caucasus, is behind the attacks ^[54] . Experts said in the media that it would be incorrect to associate the activities of this group with the Iraqi group of the same name Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna ^[55] .

• Bus explosion in Volgograd

• Chronology of terrorist attacks in Volgograd at ITAR-TASS
• In Volgograd, a terrorist act was committed in a trolley bus (Unc.) . Government of the Volgograd region (12/30/13). The appeal date is December 30, 2013.
• In Volgograd, an explosion occurred in a trolley bus, killing 10 people // Interfax, December 30, 2013
• Photos from the scene of the terrorist act , “Newspaper. Ru ”, December 30, 2013
• Video after the explosion on YouTube , RT, December 30, 2013