Joseph Remi Nuttin ( fr. Joseph Remi Nuttin ; November 7, 1909 ; Zwevegem - December 23, 1988 ) is a Belgian psychologist , author of the theory of motivation in the holistic structure of human behavior and the theory of the temporal perspective of personality .
| Joseph Nutten | |
|---|---|
| Joseph Nuttin | |
| Date of Birth | November 7, 1909 |
| Place of Birth | Zwevegem , Belgium |
| Date of death | December 23, 1988 (aged 79) |
| A place of death | |
| A country |  Belgium |
| Scientific field | Psychology |
| Place of work | |
| Alma mater | Leuven Catholic University |
| Known as | The author of the theory of motivation in the holistic structure of human behavior and the theory of the temporal perspective of the personality |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 The concept of "spiritual man"
- 3 Selected Works
- 4 Literature
- 5 Links
Biography
Nutten was born in Zwevegem in Belgium on November 7, 1909.
He studied philosophy and psychology in Leuven and theology in Bruges . In 1941, he received a doctorate in philosophy and from then on became the head of the Center for Research on Motivation and Time Perspective (Leuven).
Nutten was a professor at Leuven University , president of the Psychological Institute at Leuven University (1946-1980), a visiting professor at the University of Kansas , and also lectured at many universities in Europe and America .
In Belgium, he developed the first complete program in psychology (Leuven, 1944) and became the first dean of the Independent Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences (1968). He was a co-founder of the Belgian Psychological Society and the journal Psychologica Belgica (1954), was a member of the Center for Advanced Studies in Behavioral Sciences (Stanford), and president of the International Union of Psychological Science (1872-1976). Many of his laboratory colleagues have become university professors in various countries. In 1975, Nutten was awarded the Prize for his achievements in the behavioral sciences.
Nutten developed a deep and empirically grounded theory of the formation, structure and functioning of human motivation in a holistic structure of behavior, taking as an basic unit of analysis the inextricable functional relationship of the individual-environment. In the 1980s Nutten made a great contribution to the development of problems of the temporal perspective of the individual. The method of motivational induction developed by him is one of the most popular methods for diagnosing motives. He is the author of 15 books in Dutch, French and English.
A few years before his death, he decided to donate part of his savings to encourage basic research in psychology, creating a special fund.
Nutten died on December 23, 1988.
The Spiritual Man Concept
The concept is based on one of the main ideas - the interaction of the individual with the environment. The optimal state of this interaction is equilibrium, to which a person constantly strives to achieve. The main driving force of this desire is motivation - continuous active selectivity, which determines the stability and direction of behavior and ensures the achievement of the goal.
All needs , which are understood as “patterns” of the subject’s connections with the outside world and as a dynamic aspect of the personal mode of existence and behavior in the world, are classified according to three levels of mental life: psychophysical (the need for life deployment and biological contact); psychosocial (the need for personality deployment and psychosocial contact); existential (the need for existential maintenance and universal integration). In the category of “need”, the temporal dimension is very important, since its implementation involves the implementation of a certain behavioral future.
In the structure of personality, the author identifies two substructures: intimate and social, the integration of which determines the harmony of the "I". Personality development consists in progressive integration, overcoming conflicts. A person has innate human capabilities, in the learning process only forms of their expression are created.
Selected Works
- Nuttin J. Psychoanalysis and personality. A dynamic theory of normal personality: Transl. - NY: Sheed & Ward, 1953. - 310 p.
- Nuttin J. Tâche, réussite et échec: théorie de la conduite humaine. - 2-me ed. - Leuven: Publications Universitaires de Leuven, 1961 .-- 530 p.
- Nuttin J. Psychanalyse et conception spiritualiste de l'homme: 3e ed. rev. et augm. - Leuven: Publications Universitaires de Leuven, 1962 .-- 367 p.
- Nuttin J. La structure de la personnalité. - 2-me ed. - Paris: Press Universitaires de France, 1968 .-- 269 p. ISBN 978-2-13-039033-6
- Nuttin J. Motivation, planning, and action. A relational theory of behavior dynamics: Transl. - Leuven: Leuven University Press; Hills. (NJ): Erlbaum, 1984. - 251 p. ISBN 978-9061861546
- Nuttin J., Lens W. Future time perspective and motivation: theory and research method. - Leuven: Leuven University Press, 1985 .-- 235 c. ISBN 9789061861720
Literature
- Zeigarnik B.V. Personality Theories in Foreign Psychology. - M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 1982. - 128 p.
- Personality Psychology : Dictionary Reference / Ed. P.P. Ermine and T.M. Titarenko. - K .: Ruta, 2001 .-- 320 p.