Good Rene ( fr. Le Bon Roi René ; , - , ) - Count de Guise in 1417-1425, Duke of Lorraine in 1431-1453, Duke of Anjou in 1434-1475, titular king of Naples, Jerusalem.
| Rene Good | |
|---|---|
| Birth | |
| Death | |
| Burial place | |
| Kind | |
| Father | |
| Mother | |
| Spouse | 1) Isabella of Lorraine 2) Jeanne de Laval |
| Children | from 1st marriage : sons : Jean II and Louis daughters : Yolanda and Margarita from 2nd marriage : no |
| Battles | |
Content
Biography
The second son of Louis II of Anjou and Yolanda of Aragon .
Thanks to the marriage with Isabella, Lorraine inherited the duchy of Bar (1430) and Lorraine ( 1431 ). There was another contender for the last duchy, supported by Philip III the Good . In the war for Lorraine, Rene was captured, where he was held until 1437.
During this time he was recognized as the Duke of Lorraine by the Emperor Sigismund .
In 1434, after the death of his older brother Louis III of Anjou, he inherited the duchies of Anjou and Provence , as well as the status of the heir to the childless Queen of Naples, Giovanna II . After her death, he became nominally king of Naples.
Italian Campaign
Freed from captivity, Rene arrived in Italy to conquer Naples from the seizing throne of Alphonse V , king of Aragon and Sicily, the former (in 1421-1423) heir to Giovanna II. In 1442, Renee suffered a crushing defeat from Alphonse V and returned to France, where he kept a magnificent courtyard in Angers .
The Daughter's Marriage with the King of England
He played an important mediating role in the conclusion of the Tour of Armistice ( 1445 ) between England and France. As one of the conditions for a ceasefire, Rene's daughter Margarita of Anjou (1429–1482) married King Henry VI of England.
Rene transferred his rights to Lorraine after the death of his wife to his son Jean II (1425-1470). The same Jean II again tried to recapture Naples from the House of Aragon, but was defeated at Troy (1462). Subsequently, taking advantage of the uprising in Catalonia against Juan II , king of Aragon (1458-1479), Jean II tried to gain himself the title of Count of Barcelona and power over Catalonia, but died without achieving anything.
Anjou becomes the royal domain
After the death of his son, Rene was forced to bequeath to the duchy of Anjou to Louis XI , who captured Anjou in 1475 , without waiting for the death of the testator. In 1473, Rene finally settled in his only remaining possession - Provence . Here he gathered at his court in the city of Aix-en-Provence numerous poets, artists, musicians. Rene went down in history as the last king - troubadour .
After the death of Renee, the Provence region and the title of King of Naples passed to his nephew Karl of Manx (1436-1481), who was named Charles IV as King of Naples. After his childless death, Provence was inherited by Louis XI .
Proceedings
He was a recognized expert and legislator in the field of knightly etiquette. In the “Book of Tournaments” ( French: Le Livre des tournois , 1460), allegedly commissioned by Louis of Luxembourg , he described in detail, and also possibly partially illustrated [5] , the principles of organization and rules for holding knightly competitions , as well as weapons, ammunition , ceremonies and rituals, up to organizing a post-tournament banquet. The manuscript contains 109 pages, as well as 26 double or single, full sheet, miniatures, a significant part of which belongs to the brush of the famous artist Barthelemy d'Eike [6] . He is also the author of The Book of Love (1460-1467) and a number of other works.
Family
- The first wife Isabella of Lorraine (1400-1453). Children:
- Jean II (1425-1470), Duke of Lorraine (1453-1470), titular Duke of Calabria and Count of Barcelona. With his son Nicola (1448–1473), the Duke of Lorraine in 1470–1473, the Lorraine branch of the Anjou House ended
- Yolanda (November 2, 1428 - March 23, 1483), the titular queen of Naples, married to Frederick VI (August 1417 - August 31, 1470) de Vaudemont. Their descendants after 1477 were the dukes of Lorraine .
- Margarita of Anjou (March 23, 1430 - August 25, 1482), wife of Henry VI (1421-1471), king of England (1422-1461, 1470-1471)
- Louis (1427-1444), Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson
- Second wife - Jeanne de Laval (1433-1498)
Genealogy
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cawley C. Medieval Lands : A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ 1 2 Babelio
- ↑ 1 2 Magnusson M. Chambers Biographical Dictionary - W & R Chambers , 1990. - ISBN 978-0-550-16041-6
- ↑ Duby Georges . Europe in the Middle Ages / Transl. V. Kolesnikova. - Smolensk: Polygram, 1994 .-- S. 244.
- ↑ Oakeshott E. Knight and his castle . - M.: Centerpolygraph CJSC, 2007. - P. 177.
Literature
- Jules de Glouvet, Histoires du Vieux Temps , Calmann Lévy, Paris, 1889
- Jean Favier, Le Roi René , Fayard, 2008 ISBN 978-2-213-63480-7
- Marie-Louyse des Garets "le Roi René 1409-1480" La Table Ronde 1946 et 1980
- Jacques Levron, Le Bon Roi René , Arthaud.
- Vincent Caillaud, Au temps où l'Anjou avait un roi , Courrier de l'Ouest, 6 Nov 1996.
- E. Verry, Le Roi René à l'occasion de la commémoration du 5ème centenaire de sa mort , 1981, Archives départementales du Maine-et-Loire.
- Noël Coulet, Alice Planche, Le Roi René , Edisud, 1982.
- Brochure "Angers Tourisme", Office du Tourisme d'Angers.
- Brochures du Château d'Angers, Caisse Nationale des Monuments Historiques.