Gevherkhan-Sultan ( tour. Gevherhan Sultan ) [1] , also Gevhermuluk-Sultan ( tour. Gevhermulük Sultan [2] [3] [4] ; 1544/1545 - after 1580) - the daughter of the Ottoman Sultan Selim II from his concubine Nurbanu Sultan .
| Gevherkhan Sultan | |
|---|---|
| tour. Gevherhan sultan | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Konya , Ottoman Empire |
| Date of death | not earlier than February 6, 1604 |
| Place of death | Istanbul , Ottoman Empire |
| A country | |
| Occupation | |
| Father | Selim II |
| Mother | Nurbanu Sultan |
| Spouse | 1. Piyale Pasha 2. Jerrah Mehmed Pasha |
| Children | from the 1st marriage: Aisha Atik Khanym-Sultan, Fatma Khanym-Sultan, Sultanzade Mehmed Bey |
Content
Biography
Gevherkhan-sultan was born in Konya [1] according to various sources in 1544 [1] [2] [5] or 1545 (951 year of Hijra ) [5] . Her father was the future Ottoman Sultan Selim II , her mother was a concubine to Nurbanu .
The first husband of Gevherkhan was Piyale Pasha [1] [3] [4] . The marriage was concluded on August 1 [1] 1562 [3] [6] (although it is sometimes mistakenly indicated that the wedding took place in 1566 [2] [4] ). In her marriage, she gave birth to six children, of whom only three survived infancy: the daughters of Aisha Atike Hanım-Sultan (1563 [1] - ?, was married to Doganjibashi Fululage-aga) and Fatma Hanım-Sultan, and the son of Sultanzade Mehmed Bey (was Sanjakbei of Mora [1] , in 1582 - Sanjakbei of Herzegovina [7] ). In 1578, Piale Pasha died [4] [3] [7] . After his death, Gevherkhan Sultan performed the Hajj [3] in 1579 [1] .
The second husband of Gevherkhan-Sultan was Jerrah Mehmed Pasha [8] [9] [k 1] . Alderson dates the second marriage of the Gevherkhan Sultan to the year 1578 [2] [k 2] , Pierce believes that the wedding was the same year as the circumcision of shehzade Mehmed , the nephew of Gevherkhan-Sultan, performed by Jerrah Pasha, that is, in 1582 [8] . In the marriage dates from 1578 [10] .
In 1582/83, then shehzade Mehmed, who was leaving for the sanjak, Gevherkhan Sultan and her husband, Jerrah Pasha, were presented with a beautiful Bosnian slave - Handan Sultan . This was written in 1604 by Francesco Contarini in his report [k 3] [11] .
Evidence that this was not forgotten neither by Mehmed, nor by the Handan Sultan herself, is that the second husband Gevherkhan Sultan became a great vizier. Also, after the death of Mehmed III in December 1603, his son and successor Ahmed I and their mother expressed their gratitude and respect for Gevkherkhan-Sultan, sending her gifts. It was supposed to thank her along with her husband, but he died. “He sent a thousand tsekhin and a sable robe with many other gifts in favor of the Sultan, the wife of Pasha, because it contained the source of good fortune and greatness, which he now found himself in” [k 4] [12] . Since Ahmed was not fourteen, these gifts were evidence of the goodwill of the Valide - Handan Sultan [12] .
Death
Gevherkhan-Sultan died in Istanbul and was buried in her father’s turbine at the Aya-Sophia Mosque [3] . The exact date of death is unknown. Alderson indicates only the year of birth [2] . According to Yilmaz Oztuna, Gevherkhan-sultan died presumably in 1580 [1] . According to Mehmed Sureya, she died during the reign of her brother Murad III (1574-1595) [3] . It is well known that the Venetian ambassadors referred to her in their reports as living: Paolo Contarini [13] in 1583, Gianfranco Morozini in 1585 [14] , Matteo Zane in 1594 [15] [k 5] , Francesco Contarini 17 January 1604 According to the Topkapi Treasury Register, she was alive on February 6, 1604 [12] .
Personality
The Venetian ambassador Gianfranco Morozini wrote in 1585 that she “is very loved by the Sultan, is the confidant of the wife of the Sultan, a woman of great spirit and high reputation” [14] .
Anonymous report, 1579: “For the pleasure of being with her husband, the Sultan, Piali’s wife, opened her face in her garden, at the risk of being punished by the Sultan” [17] .
Gevherkhan-sultan was appreciated and respected by all sultans: brother , nephew , grand-nephew . Her second husband in three years grew from Aga Janissaries in 1579 to Vizier in 1582 - an unusually fast take-off [11] . The registry, kept in the archives of the Topkapi Palace, gives detailed information about the gifts sent by Ahmed I to his large family immediately after his intronization on December 27, 1603. Gevherkhan-Sultan is indicated as the recipient as the third woman - a member of the family, immediately after the former valida Safie-Sultan and the new valida - Handan-Sultan and before all other living sisters and daughters of Murad III and Mehmed III - a clear indication of her privileged position. Later, on February 6, 1604, she reappears in the register, this time as the only woman - a member of the family, except Handan Sultan, who was awarded gifts [12] .
In Culture
- In the series “The Magnificent Century, ” Elif Irem Oz played the role of an adult Gevkherkhan [18] .
Comments
- ↑ Oztuna believes it was Boyali Mehmed Pasha, the third vizier [1]
- ↑ According to Alderson, the second husband of Gevherkhan was a certain Mehmed Pasha, and Jerrah Mehmed Pasha was married to the daughter of Selim, whose name is not indicated [2] .
- ↑ "La presente Regina è di natione Bossinese, fu prima schiava di Mehemet Girà quando era Begleirbei della Grecia et poi donata per la sua gran bellezza a Sultan Mehemet quando andò al Sanzaccato di Amasia"
- ↑ "[...] però essendo ella ricordevole di questo ha mandato a donare in segno di benivolentia mille cechini, et una veste di zebelini alla sultana moglie del prefato Bassà con molte offerte, come a quella che è stata origine della sua buona fortuna etlla grandezza nella quale [al presente] si ritrova. ”
- ↑ "... has the wife of His Lord's sister, who was the wife of Piyale Pasha" [16] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Öztuna, 2016 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Alderson, 1956 , Table XXXI.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Süreyya1, 1996 , p. 15.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Süreyya4, 1996 , p. 1336.
- ↑ 1 2 Peirce, 1993 , p. 92.
- ↑ Peirce, 1993 , p. 68.
- ↑ 1 2 Bostan, 2007 .
- ↑ 1 2 Peirce, 1993 , p. 193.
- ↑ Uzunçarşılı, 1988 , 3Cild, p. 358.
- ↑ Halaçoğlu, 1993 .
- ↑ 1 2 Börekçi, 2010 , p. 93.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Börekçi, 2010 , p. 94.
- ↑ Relazioni-1, 1840 , p. 241.
- ↑ 1 2 Relazioni-3, 1840 , p. 289.
- ↑ Relazioni-3, 1840 , p. 433.
- ↑ Relazioni-3, 1840 , p. 241.
- ↑ Relazioni-1, 1840 , p. 461.
- ↑ Muhteşem Yüzyıl .
Literature
- Relazioni degli ambasciatori veneti al Senato . - Firenze Clio, 1840. - Vol. 3, ser. 3.
- Alberi Eugenio. Relazioni degli ambasciatori veneti al Senato . - Firenze Clio, 1840. - Vol. 1, ser. 3.
- Alderson, Anthony Dolphin. The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty . - Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1956.
- Börekçi G. Factions and favorites at the courts of sultan Ahmed I (r. 1603-17) and his immidiate predessors : Dissertation for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy. - The Ohio State University, 2010 .-- 330 p.
- Bostan, İdris. PiYALE PAŞA . - 2007 .-- T. Islamansiklopedisi, 34 Cilt. - S. 296-297.
- Halaçoğlu Yusuf . Cerrah Mehmed Paşa : Islamansiklopedisi. - 1993. - Vol. 7. - P. 415. (tur.)
- Öztuna, Yılmaz. Kanuni Sultan Süleyman . - Ötüken Neşriyat A.Ş., 2016 .-- 208 p.
- Peirce, Leslie P. The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire . - Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993 .-- 374 p. - ISBN 0195086775 , 9780195086775.
- Sicill-i Osmani . - Istanbul, 1996. - Vol. 1. - 350 p.
- Sicill-i Osmani . - Istanbul, 1996. - Vol. 4. - P. 1045. - 350 p.
- Osmanlı Tarihi . - Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1988 .-- 3112 p.
Links
- Official website of the series "Muhteşem Yüzyıl" (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment June 17, 2017. Archived May 29, 2015. (tour.)