African civilization - according to geopolitologist Huntington , one of the civilizations that are opposing the world arena, along with Western, Islamic, Latin American, Orthodox, Sino-Chinese, Hindu, Buddhist and Japanese. Includes sub-Saharan Africa, except South Africa, which is often referred to as Western civilization. The religion of the African civilization is either Christianity “brought” by European colonizers (usually Catholic or Protestant , but also sometimes Orthodox : see the Alexandrian Orthodox Church ), or local traditional beliefs: shamanism , animism , paganism . In North Africa ( Maghreb ) Islamic civilization prevails.
Content
History
The first country of African civilization was Ancient Egypt . Then Nubia , Songai , Gao , Mali , Zimbabwe . The last, already in the XVIII century , appeared Zululand and Matabeleland . All of these African states were initially weakened by civil strife, and then captured by foreigners (Ancient Egypt was conquered by the Roman Empire , the state of the Zulus was British ). By 1890 , 90% of the territories of Africa controlled the European colonial empires , often in conflicts including over the colonies on this continent (see The Battle for Africa ), and there were only two independent states - Liberia and Ethiopia . But already in 1910 South Africa received autonomy as part of the British Commonwealth , in 1922 Egypt , in 1941 the British drove the troops of Fascist Italy from Ethiopia. However, large-scale decolonization began only after the end of World War II . At the moment, almost all countries are formally independent of their former metropolitan areas ; however, in practice, they are still heavily dependent on them economically, since most of them are very poor (Africa is the poorest continent in the world , South Africa is the only developed country ). At the moment, the development prospects of African countries are very vague. Experts say that the population continues to increase due to the traditionally high birth rate, and the economy is very weak and will not be able to feed such a large population. Such a mankind predicted Malthus .
See also
- Western civilization
- Islamic civilization
- Orthodox civilization
- Latin American civilization
- Sino-Chinese civilization
- Japanese civilization
- Hindu civilization
- Buddhist civilization
Notes
Links
- African civilizations on the site "Civilizacium"
- Africa's most ancient civilizations there
- " The Clash of Civilizations " by Huntington. Huntington S. The Clash of Civilizations . - M .: AST, 2003. - ISBN 5-17-007923-0