Keys (Achinsky district)

Start

The date of formation of the state farm, as well as the Keys themselves, is considered to be April 1932. The memoirs of the first livestock specialist, 18-year-old Komsomol member Nikolai Kolodin, have been preserved:

“On May 1, 1932 there was no cattle yet, but they had 390 hectares of crops. They began to build a farm under the supervision of the superintendent Pavel Kalabukhov. In October 1932, the first batch of breeding pigs was brought in - 150 sows and 15 boars. On March 11, 1933, the piggie, Komsomol member Maria Goloshchapova (Serganova), took the first farrow. The settlement in those years looked like this: two barracks, in which the dining room and office were located, a little further - a wooden barn (rabkop), to the left of it - a house for engineers and technicians, where the entire leadership of the state farm lived. Working people settled in dugouts for 2-3 families. Near the Klimovka river, under the mountain, also in the dugout, they built a small bathhouse. ”

As of January 1, 1933, the farm already had 213 pigs, 74 heads of cattle and 89 horses. 176 people worked in it. “In the same year, they started bringing houses from Ladanovka, Barabanovka and Yastrebova to the village, dispossession began there,” recalled old-timer M. M. Serganova, “they settled into several families.”

The village got its name from the keys, beating in a swampy lowland south of it, and gathering in a small rivulet called Klimovka.

In those years, all the transport in the settlement was equestrian, there was only one tractor-wheel, on which I. S. Shchegolev worked. They only dreamed about electricity, radio, but occasionally watched silent films. Bread was given on cards (200 g per person). And therefore more often they baked it themselves. In 1934, the first car appeared in the village - a one and a half truck. Little by little they began to get to their feet. “In 1934-1935, our pigs were sent to Chita and Khabarovsk in 14 cars,” the old-timers recall. Veterinarian Luka Simbirtsev and livestock specialist Nikolai Kolodin have done a lot to improve the breed of these animals. Nikolai Kirillovich, even at an age, even repented: “Once I stole a carriage with feed at the station — it was my fault, but there was nothing to feed the cattle.”

The director of the pre-war village was the former military Ivan Methodievich Litvintsev. They spoke of him like this: "The man was good, he did not like scammers, he did not offend people, he ate with the workers."

The first houses grew in Klyuchs, and an elementary school opened.

War

When the Great Patriotic War began, more than 90 people were called up from the small collective farm to the front (about 60 died). Throughout the war years, the director was Trofim Stepanovich Martyshkin. The farm left women, old people and children. Men who had "armor" could be "counted on the fingers." Nevertheless, the state farm continued to supply the state with meat and bread. Livestock statistics were preserved at that time: pigs - 1030, pigs - 2530, sows - 110.

In Klyuchi, a tractor link was organized from graduates of machine-tool courses consisting of: F. Shestak, A. Demidchik (Lukyanova), G. Velikhodskaya, M. Anishchenko, M. Vdovina, V. Martyshkina, the foreman. They sowed, plowed, and cleaned seven days a week, receiving soap, boots, socks and headscarves as premiums. The government praised their work: later V.F. Martyshkina was awarded the Order of Lenin, G. Velikhodskaya and F. Shestak - Orders of the Red Banner. The calf and the pig farm were serviced by the female link under the leadership of the foreman M. Serganova and the manager of the pig farm T. Berezova. For the winter, all the workers were housed in one hut, there was no furniture, they slept on the floor. But there was so much enthusiasm ... Where did all the strength come from - everyone wanted to win the competition for the title “Work Drummer”, get a prize in the form of a cut on a dress, and even better - beds with shell-mesh. Often we went to the field, where sheaves were hand-knitted, in the winter they were engaged in logging, taking them out of the forest on horses. There was not enough fuel.

Dawn

In the post-war period (1947–1956), the director of the state farm was Mikhail Fedorovich Barkhatov, his wife worked as a livestock specialist. “Strict, fair, for no reason, it happened, he will not offend,” recalled the villagers. An apiary appeared on the farm, the first beekeeper was Vladimir Pichugin. A brick factory also worked then, producing 50 thousand bricks for local needs over the summer. The production of tar from birch and pine bark began to develop. A football team of the "veterans" appeared in Klyuchi, which, under the direction of the director, built a stadium.

Then, until 1962, the farm was headed by Vladimir G. Kilimnik. Began the construction of a granary, school, 8-apartment buildings on the street. Lomonosov, horse farm in the village of Kamenka.

Until 1970, this director was replaced by Valery Vasilievich Poluboyarinov. In May 1963, he, a graduate of the Moscow Timiryazev Military Veterinary Academy, took a close to unprofitable economy, and in January 1964 the first profits were already made. “Everything at that time was ours,” such memoirs were preserved among the Klyuchinites, “a bakery, even a garden. Housing construction was developing, 18 semi-detached houses were rented out a year, and directly through the swamps, they paved the way to the village of Zavorki. ”

1971 - the collective farm staff was awarded a silver medal at VDNH. At the exhibition, piggy Maria Karlovna Kozlova became a holder of the Order of the October Revolution, and the best livestock breeding master of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Maria Margert, received a bronze medal from VDNH. This is a great merit of livestock breeder Nina Bashkirova and veterinarian Vera Soboleva.

In 1975, for the achieved indicators in improving the livestock of pigs, by a special resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR of December 18, the pedigree farm was transferred to the position of a state breeding farm.

This event occurred already under the leadership of the farm of the now honorary citizen of the Achinsk region Vladimir Leontievich Larin (1971–79).

End

The Achinsky breeding farm received a warning bell that everything could not be all right in 1985: it was in this year that it was not possible to collect the required amount of feed, the deficit of concentrates amounted to 1000 tons. Due to livestock disease, the number of livestock and the growth of piglets have declined. Milk yields also decreased, and the productivity of the dairy herd began to decline.

In 1987, Vladimir Alekseevich Dudarev was appointed head of the economy. Analyzing the years of his reign, he said this: “We did not improve our performance, we simply kept what was, being one of the three enterprises of the region that remained afloat ... At one time, the AGK made 5 farms its auxiliary base, then abandoned them leaving them overboard. We didn’t do this, preferring to maintain independence. ”

As a result, in 1992, the Achinsky State Breeding Plant was transformed into the Achinsky Plemzavod Partnership. In the association of pig farms "Krasnoyarsksvinprom" by category - this is the smallest farm.

... They say that when the last representatives of the Belaya Krupnaya breed went under the knife, the pig-pigs cried ... There was nothing!

The village is located 13 km south of the Achinsk district center.