Osipov, Nikolai Evgrafovich

Nikolai Evgrafovich Osipov was born on October 24, 1877 in Moscow , in a noble family.

After graduating with a gold medal from the 1st Moscow gymnasium , in 1897 he entered the medical faculty of Moscow University . In his second year, he was arrested as a member of the student strike committee, then expelled without the right to reinstate at the university and left for Switzerland . He studied at the University of Zurich with F.F. Erisman . In 1903 he defended his thesis in histology at the University of Basel , receiving a doctorate in medicine .

In 1904 he returned to Moscow, worked at the Department of Histology and Embryology at Moscow University and at the same time was an external student at the Preobrazhenskaya City Hospital for the mentally ill . Since 1907 , he held the position of senior assistant in a psychiatric clinic at Moscow University under the guidance of V.P. Serbsky . In 1907 he became acquainted with the works of Z. Freud . In the summer of 1910 , he visited Z. Freud in Vienna and established professional and friendly relations with him, which he maintained all his life. He considered Z. Freud one of his teachers, and himself “the first popularizer of Freud in Russia . ” In the same year he met with E. Bleiler , C. Jung and P. Dubois and discussed with them psychiatric and psychotherapeutic problems.

In 1911 he became an assistant professor at Moscow University and in the same year, together with V.P. Serbsky and many others, left the clinic and university in protest against the reactionary policy of the Minister of Education L.A. Casso .

After leaving Moscow University, in 1911 - 1918 He worked as an assistant professor of psychiatry at the Higher Women's Courses in Moscow and at the same time at the Rukavishnikov Shelter for juvenile delinquents.

In 1911 , together with V.P. Serbsky and other psychiatrists, he was a co-founder, member of the bureau and secretary of the Moscow Small Fridays psychiatric circle, which he held until 1918 . At the first meeting of this circle made a report "From the logic and methodology of psychiatry . " And in the future he often spoke on the problems of psychiatry, psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. In 1911 - 1913 He was the editor of a series of books “ Psychotherapeutic Library ” published in Moscow.

He reacted negatively to the revolution . In 1918 he left Moscow for Ukraine. In 1920 he emigrated to Istanbul . He lived for some time in Belgrade and Budapest , and since 1921 in Prague .

In 1923 - 1931 He served as assistant professor at Charles University in Prague, where he taught a course in psychiatry. He taught at the Russian People’s University . He maintained contacts with Z. Freud and his followers. In 1923 he published the work “Tolstoy's Memoirs of Childhood. Contribution to the Freido Theory of Z. Freud . ”

In 1925 he organized and headed the “Russian Psychiatric Circle” in Prague, which dealt with various problems of psychiatry and psychoanalysis.

He published various reviews of new ideas in neurology and psychiatry and made about 70 public speeches in Prague on the problems of psychiatry, psychoanalysis and psychotherapy.

Nikolai Evgrafovich Osipov died of a serious heart disease on February 19, 1934 . He was buried in Prague at the Orthodox cemetery.

Engaged in microscopy at first, N. Ye. Osipov pursued "... one goal: to fully study the issues of physiology, pathology, psychology of the brain . " In Prague N.E. Osipov was engaged in neuroscience, psychology of Russian writers and their literary heroes, and worked on issues of philosophy in general and medical philosophy in particular. First gave an accurate description of some neuroses , including neurasthenia . In his system he gave a detailed description of all neuroses, especially emphasizing the role of emotions in their development ^[2] .

N. E. Osipov created a philosophical and medical system, according to which medicine is a special side of human culture, which includes science , art , as well as the interaction between the doctor and the patient. He especially emphasized that medicine should be closely linked with the achievements of medical technology ^[2] .

Developed and modified some ideas and concepts of Z. Freud. He carried out a review of psychoanalytic ideas about love and put forward the idea of ​​the primacy of love as the main factor in cosmic life and absolute value, manifested in various forms, and the secondary nature of love as a physiological attraction and sexual passion. He began to develop a theory of love. In 1931 , in his work “Revolution and Dream,” he proposed a psychoanalytically-oriented understanding of revolution as “the realization of suppressed, repressed desires of one class of people, a class narcissistic self-affirmation” and investigated analogies and components of the same content of “revolution and dream” ^[3] .

In the context of psychoanalytic teaching, he studied various philosophical and ethical problems. He claimed that excessive concentration of the personality on itself provokes and leads to neuropathological conditions, and various moral factors are one of the sources of mental disorders ^[3] .

• Osipov N.E. / Freud Z. Correspondence 1921–1929. - Izhevsk: ERGO, 2011.
• Osipov N. E. Tolstoy's childhood memories. Contribution to Freud's theory of libido. - Izhevsk: ERGO, 2011.
• Osipov N. E. Thoughts and doubts about one case of "degenerative psychopathy." - Izhevsk: ERGO, 2012.
• Osipov N. E. “Double. Petersburg poem "F.M. Dostoevsky. (Notes by a psychiatrist). - Izhevsk: ERGO, 2012.
• Osipov N. E. Psychoanalytic and philosophical studies. - M .: Academic project, 2000 (1st ed.) And 2015 (2nd ed.).

• Pfister, Oscar
• Fliss, Wilhelm

• Biography of N. E. Osipov.
• Ovcharenko V.I. The first wave of Russian psychoanalysts.
• Sirotkin S.F., Chirkova I.N. Nikolay Evgrafovich Osipov: a sketch of life and works.
• Dictionaries and Encyclopedias on the Academician. N.E. Osipov .
• The latest philosophical dictionary. N.E. Osipov . (inaccessible link)