Bucks, Ernest Belfort

Born in the family of a wealthy textile industrialist, by faith - a traditionalist nonconformist . He was educated in England and Germany, studying music and philosophy (in 1883 he will release an English translation of Kant 's “ Prolegomenes to Every Future Metaphysics ”).

During his German philosophical studies in 1879, he joined socialism. For some time he was a newspaper correspondent for Evening Standard on the continent, then returned to Britain, where in 1882 he joined the Henry Hyndman Democratic Federation, which was renamed the Social Democratic Federation in 1884.

Over time, however, he became disillusioned with it and in 1885 created the Socialist League with William Morris , Eduard Aveling , Eleanor Marx and other representatives of the SDF left wing and anarchists. However, the latter soon began to play a leading role in it, and Bucks returned to the SDF. For a while, he was her lead theorist and editor of her Justice.

Repeatedly delegated to international socialist congresses, entered into a polemic with Karl Kautsky, who defeated him as a revisionist. One of the founders (1911) and leaders of the British Socialist Party .

He spoke from sharply anti-feminist positions, an opponent of the suffrage movement, which he declared "distracting workers from the class struggle." During the First World War, he took a chauvinistic position and, together with Hyndman, was expelled from the British Socialist Party. breaking up with its internationalist majority at the Salford congress (1916).

He was married twice, had seven children from his first wife.

“Belfort Bucks, when he was in England, sometimes visited Engels and had more than one friendly fight on the women's issue , on which Bucks was obsessed,” recalled Eduard Aveling ^[2] .

• Pomogaeva E. Bucks, Ernest Belfort // Philosophical Encyclopedia : in 5 volumes / chapters. ed. F.V. Konstantinov . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1960. - T. 1: A - Didro. - 504 s. - 20,000 copies.