Botsvania cretacea

† Botsvania cretacea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animals
Type of:	Arthropods
Class:	Insects
Squad:	Hymenoptera
Suborder:	Stem-spine
Family:	Evaniidae
Rod:	Botsvania; Rasnitsyn and Brothers, 2007
View:	Botsvania cretacea
Latin name
	Botsvania cretacea ; Rasnitsyn and Brothers, 2007

Botsvania cretacea (lat.) Is a fossil species of small equestrians , the only one in the monotypic genus Botsvania of the family Evaniidae ( evanoid hymenoptera ). The Cretaceous period : the Turonian stage (about 90 million years). South Africa : Botswana (Orapa) ^[1] ^[2] .

Content

Description

Small hymenoptera insects, length about 4 mm; antennae - 3.4 mm; mesosome - 1.3 mm; front wing - 2 mm; rear thighs - 2 mm. Prescutum and Scuttelum chest triangular. Antennae 15–16-segmented. The wing vein RS + M is parallel with the vein Cu. Pterostigma is small. A long subcylindrical petiole is located between the abdomen and the breast; it is 3 times longer than its width and approximately equal to the length of scutum ^[1] .

The species was first described in 2007 by the Russian hymenopterologist and paleoentomologist Alexander Pavlovich Rasnitsyn ( Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow ) and African entomologist Denis Brazers ( Denis J. Brothers ; School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, KwaZulu-Natal University , Scottsville , Pietermaritzburg , South Africa ) and named for the place and time of detection of the type series (Botswana) ^[1] . From other fossil genera of Evanioidea (American Grimaldivania Basibuyuk, Fitton, Rasnitsyn & Quicke, 2000 , Newjersevania Basibuyuk, Quicke & Rasnitsyn, 2000 , Mesevania Basibuyuk & Rasnitsyn, 2000 , Siberian Cretevania Rasnitsyv, and al-tav , 1741). Deans in Deans et al. 2004 , Eovernevania Deans in Deans et al. 2004 and Lebanevania Basibuyuk, Rasnitsyn, Fitton & Quicke, 2002 ) is distinguished by wing venation and other structural features of the chest and antennae ^[1] ^[3] ^[4] ^[5] .

Notes

² ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn and Denis J. Brothers. Two new hymenopteran fossils from the mid-Cretaceous of southern Africa (Hymenoptera: Jurapriidae, Evaniidae) (eng.) // African Invertebrates : Journal. - Pietermaritzburg , South Africa , 2007. - Vol. 48, no. 1 . - P. 193-202.
↑ Botsvania cretacea (English) . Paleobiology Database (fossilworks.org). The appeal date is November 17, 2013.
↑ Basibuyuk, HH, Fitton, MG, Quicke, DLJ & Rasnitsyn, AP In: Ross, AJ, ed., The history of geology, age and fauna (mainly insects) Burmese amber, Myanmar // Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London (Geology). - 2000a. - Vol. 56. - p. 53-58.
↑ Basibuyuk, HH, Fitton, MG, Rasnitsyn, AP & Quicke, DLJ Two new genera of the Evaniidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) from the Late Cretaceous New Jersey amber. In: Grimaldi, DA, ed., Studies on amber, with reference to the Cretaceous of New Jersey. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuis Publishers ,. - 2000b. - p. 313–325.
Ans Deans, AR, Basibuyuk, HH, Azar, D., & Nel, A. Cretaceous (Hauterivian) ensign wasp (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) from Lebanese amber // Cretaceous Research. - 2004. - Vol. 25. - p. 509-516.

Literature

Basibuyuk, HH, AR Rasnitsyn, MG Fitton, and DLJ Quicke. The Evaniidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) and the new genus from Lebanese amber (Eng.) // Insect Systematics and Evolution. - 2002. - Vol. 33. - P. 23-34.
Deans, AR Annotated catalogs of the world's ensign species (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) (Engl.) // Contributions of the American Entomological Institute. - 2005. - Vol. 34 (1). - P. 1-164.
Rasnitsyn, AP Early Cretaceous evaniomorphous hymenopteran familes Stigmaphronidae and Cretevaniidae and the subfamily Kotujellitinae (Gasteruptiidae) (English) // Palaeontological Journal . - M. , 1991. - Vol. 4. - P. 128-132.
Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn and Denis J. Brothers. Two new hymenopteran fossils from the mid-Cretaceous of southern Africa (Hymenoptera: Jurapriidae, Evaniidae) (eng.) // African Invertebrates : Journal. - Pietermaritzburg , South Africa , 2007. - Vol. 48, no. 1 . - P. 193-202. - ISSN 1681-5556 .

Links

Botsvania cretacea (English) . " Encyclopedia of Life " (eol.org website). The appeal date is November 17, 2013.
Botsvania cretacea (English) . Paleobiology Database (fossilworks.org). The appeal date is November 17, 2013.
Evaniidae on tolweb.org (English)
Evaniidae on biolib.cz
Evaniidae on hol.osu.edu

[Rasnitsyn2007-1] ² ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn and Denis J. Brothers. Two new hymenopteran fossils from the mid-Cretaceous of southern Africa (Hymenoptera: Jurapriidae, Evaniidae) (eng.) // African Invertebrates : Journal. - Pietermaritzburg , South Africa , 2007. - Vol. 48, no. 1 . - P. 193-202.

[fossilworks-2] Botsvania cretacea (English) . Paleobiology Database (fossilworks.org). The appeal date is November 17, 2013.

[3] Basibuyuk, HH, Fitton, MG, Quicke, DLJ & Rasnitsyn, AP In: Ross, AJ, ed., The history of geology, age and fauna (mainly insects) Burmese amber, Myanmar // Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London (Geology). - 2000a. - Vol. 56. - p. 53-58.

[4] Basibuyuk, HH, Fitton, MG, Rasnitsyn, AP & Quicke, DLJ Two new genera of the Evaniidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) from the Late Cretaceous New Jersey amber. In: Grimaldi, DA, ed., Studies on amber, with reference to the Cretaceous of New Jersey. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuis Publishers ,. - 2000b. - p. 313–325.

[5] Ans Deans, AR, Basibuyuk, HH, Azar, D., & Nel, A. Cretaceous (Hauterivian) ensign wasp (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) from Lebanese amber // Cretaceous Research. - 2004. - Vol. 25. - p. 509-516.