Jalapa Mazatec ( Jalapa Mazatec, Lowland Mazatec, Mazateco de San Felipe Jalapa de Díaz, Mazateco del este bajo ) is a Mazatek language spoken in 13 villages of the municipality of San Felipe Jalapa de Diaz of the Tustepec district of Veracruz and O Oraca Mexico. Also, the jalapan variety is 73% mutually intelligible with Wautlansky, 62% and Iskatlansky, 51% with Soyaltepek, 46% with Tekoatl, 35% with Masatlans, lexically similar to 82% with Iskatlans, San Mateo-elohochtlansky and San Miguel-Waltepec, 80% with Soyaltepek and 74% with the Wautlan variants of the Masatek language.
| Jalapan Masatec | |
|---|---|
| Country | Mexico |
| Regions | Veracruz , Oaxaca |
| Total number of speakers | 17,500 (2,000) |
| Status | |
| Classification | |
| |
| Writing | latin |
| Language Codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | - |
| ISO 639-2 | - |
| ISO 639-3 | maj |
| Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
| Ethnologue | |
| IETF | |
| Glottolog | |
Content
Letter
| Uppercase | A | B | Ch | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | Ñ | O | P | R | Rr | S | T | U | X | Y | Z | Ꞌ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lowercase | a | b | ch | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | ñ | o | p | r | rr | s | t | u | x | y | z | ꞌ |
Tones are indicated on the letter:
- High tone means a sharp accent on a vowel or consonant ‹n›: ‹á, é, í, ó, ú, ń›;
- A low tone indicates the length of the vowel or consonant ‹n›: ‹a̱ e̱ i̱ o̱ u̱ ṉ›;
- The middle tone indicates the absence of diacritics: ‹a, e, i, o, u, n›.
Phonology
Tones
There are three tones in Jalapan Masatek: low ˩, medium ˧, and high ˥. In morphologically difficult situations, combinations, short (or medium-long) vowels with contour tones can form: they are written as ˩˧, ˧˥, ˥˧, ˧˩, ˥˩, ˩˥˩.
Simple tones are contrasted in the words / ʃá / (/ ʃa˥ /) “work”, / ʃā / (/ ʃa˧ /) “cougar”, / ʃà / (/ ʃa˩ /) “mold”.
In most of the literature, these tones are written as 1 (low), 2 (medium), and 3 (high).
The Jalapan Masatek language uses wheezing, where each simple or contour tone is portrayed as a wheezing.
Vowels
Vowels Modal voice i æ a o u Hoarse voice i̤ æ̤ a̤ o̤ ṳ Creaky voice ḭ æ̰ a̰ o̰ ṵ Modal nasal ĩ æ̃ ã õ ũ Hoarse nasal ĩ̤ æ̤̃ ã̤ õ̤ ṳ̃ Creaky nasal ḭ̃ æ̰̃ ã̰ õ̰ ṵ̃
Consonants
| Lips. | Alveolar. | Palatally alveolar. | Velar. | Lip. velar. | Gulp. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flowing | sighs. | t̪ʰ | t̪ʲʰ | kʰ | kʷʰ | ||
| soft | t̪ | t̪ʲ | k | kʷ | ʔ | ||
| ringing. | ᵐb | ⁿd̪ | ⁿd̪ʲ | ᵑɡ | ᵑɡʷ | ||
| Affricates | sighs. | t̪sʰ | tʃʰ | ||||
| soft | t̪s | tʃ | |||||
| ringing. | ⁿd̪z | ᶮdʒ | |||||
| The fricative. | s | ʃ | h | ||||
| Nose. | deaf. | m̥ | n̪̥ | ɲ̊ | ŋ̊ | ŋ̊ʷ | |
| ringing. | m | n̪ | ɲ | ŋ | ŋʷ | ||
| a throat. | m̰ | n̪̰ | ɲ̃ | ŋ̃ | ŋ̃ʷ | ||
| Approx. | deaf. | ȷ̊ | w̥ | ||||
| ringing. | j | w | |||||
| a throat. | ȷ̃ | w̰ | |||||
Notes
Links
- Jalapan Masatec in Ethnologue