February - the call of the Duma nobleman Prokop Lyapunov to the Russians to put an end to the Polish-Lithuanian occupation[1] .
February 24 - the beginning of the formation by Lyapunov and Prince Dmitry Trubetskoy in Ryazan of the Zemstvo militia, called the First People’s Militia[1] .
March - the capture of the Swedes after a many-month siege of the Korela fortress .
March 9 - the beginning of the Moscow uprising against the Polish-Lithuanian occupation of Moscow [1] .
March 19-20 - Moscow fire. The Poles crushed the uprising and closed in the Kremlin , among them the French mercenary musketeer Jacques Margeret[2] .
March 21 - advance units of the first militia came under Moscow under the command of Prince Dmitry Pozharsky and took control of Zamoskvorechye and the White City[1] .
March 26 - the capture of Russian ambassadors by the Poles near Smolensk and their removal to Poland as hostages [1] .
April 1 - the beginning of the siege of Moscow .
May - The “ Council of All the Earth ” of the First People’s Militia was created [2] .
June 3 - Pole capture of Smolensk[1] .
June 30 - adoption by the First People’s Militia of the order of provisional government: the Council of All Lands selects a triumvirate subordinate to the Council ( Lyapunov , Prince Trubetskoy and Ataman Zarutsky ) for " managing zemstvo and military affairs ." Full land reform is planned. [3][1][2]
July 16 - the capture by the Swedes (Commander Count Jacob Delagardi ) of Novgorod; the subsequent support by Novgorod boyars of the Swedish candidate for the Moscow throne [1] .
July is an unsuccessful attempt by the Swedes to take Pskov .
July - the siege of the Polish garrison in the Kremlin and Kitai-Gorod Cossacks of Prince Dmitry Trubetskoy [1] .
July 22 - the murder of Prokop Lyapunov by the Cossacks during their divisions; the end of the attempt of self-organization through the “Council of All Land” and the subsequent collapse of the First Militia [2] .
September - in Nizhny Novgorod, to fight the Polish invaders, the zemstvo elder Kuzma Minin formed the second popular militia under the command of Prince Dmitry Pozharsky [1] .
October - Minin organizes fundraising for the militia [2] .
? - actions in Karelia of Russian partisans, including a detachment of archers of governor Maxim Likharev.
Born
Ivan Voryonok ( January 5, 1611 , Kaluga - July 16, 1614, Moscow) - the young son of Marina Mnishek from False Dmitry II (actually - from the ataman of the Don Cossacks Zarutsky Ivan Martynovich); supporters called him Ivan Dmitrievich and considered him a contender for the Russian throne, and opponents - Ivashka or Voronenok.
Died
Belsky, Bogdan Yakovlevich - a prominent figure in the oprichnina, a participant in the Livonian war; nephew of Malyuta Skuratov; associate of Ivan the Terrible in recent years, his diplomatic agent (in particular, in negotiations with England). He was killed in Kazan by a crowd of townspeople whom he discouraged from oathing to the Poles.
Golitsyn, Andrei Vasilievich - a prominent boyar of the time of troubles.
Kashin-Obolensky, Mikhail Fedorovich (d. August 21, 1611) - prince, okolnichy, boyar, governor of Chernigov (1603) and Bryansk (1607).
Lyapunov, Prokopiy Petrovich (d. July 22, 1611) - leader of the Time of Troubles, stood behind False Dmitriy I; then he stuck to Bolotnikov until he was disappointed in the success. Offered the crown of Prince. Skopin; stood for the Tushino impostor, for Vladislav the Polish, in 1611 with the Ryazan militia, zemstvo representatives and Cossacks went to expel the Poles, but quarreled with the Cossacks and was killed by them [4] .
Molchanov, Mikhail Andreevich - Russian nobleman, political adventurer from the time of the Time of Troubles, henchman of False Dmitry I, regicide, impostor.
Paphnutius (Metropolitan of Sars) - Bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Saltykov, Ivan Mikhailovich - Moscow nobleman and governor; he was tortured by libel and imprisoned in Novgorod.
Turenin, Mikhail Samsonovich - Moscow nobleman and governor, then okolnichny (1604) and boyar (1607).
Shchelkalov, Vasily Yakovlevich - an influential duma clerk.
See also
1611 year
Notes
↑ 12345678910Daines V. O. History of Russia and the world community.- OLMA Media Group, 2004 .-- 829 p.
↑ 12345Chronology of Russian History: Encyclopedic Reference = Les grandes dates de la Russie et de l'URSS.- Moscow: International Relations, 1994. - S. 55. - 304 p.- ISBN 5-7133-0736-0 .