List of Heads of State in 659 - 660 - List of Heads of State in 661 - List of Heads of State by year
America
- The Ba'kul Kingdom - K'inich Canaab Pakal , King ( 615 - 683 )
- Kingdom of Kanul - Yukno'm Ch'een II , Holy Master ( 636 - 686 )
- Dos Pilas - B'alah Chan K'avil , King ( 629 - 692 )
- Karakol - Kak-Uhol-Kinich II , king ( 658 - 680 )
- Kingdom of Mutul (Tikal) - B'alah Chan K'awil , king ( 657 - c. 670 )
- Shukoup (Kopan) - K'ak'-Uti-Vitz'-K'avil , king ( 628 - 695 )
- Yashchilan (Pachan) - Yashun-Balam III , the divine king ( 628 - 681 )
Asia
- Abkhazia (Abazgiya) -
- Dmitry I , Prince (c. 640 - c. 660 )
- Theodosius I , Prince (c. 660 - c. 680 )
- Gilyan (Dhabuids) -
- Gil Gawbara , Ishbad ( 640 - 660 )
- Dabyuya , ispahbad ( 640 - 676 )
- Georgia -
- Kartli - Adarnasse II , Erismtavar ( 650 - 684 )
- Kakheti - Adarnas II , prince ( 650 - 684 )
- Lazika - Barnut I , Prince ( 660 - 670 )
- Tao Klarjeti - Guram II , Prince ( 619 - 678 )
- Dhanyavadi - Thuria Renu , King ( 648 - 670 )
- West Turkic Haganate -
- Ashina Misha Shad , Kagan ( 657 - 662 )
- Ashina Buzhen Shad , Kagan ( 657 - 667 )
- India -
- Badami (Western Chalukya) - Vikramaditya I Satyashraiya , Maharaja ( 654 - 678 )
- Wengi (Eastern Chalukya) - Dharashraya Jayashimha I Sarvasidhi , Maharaja ( 641 - 673 )
- Western Ganges - Bhuvikarma , Maharaja ( 654 - 679 )
- Kashmir - Durlabhavardhana , Maharaja (c. 625 - c. 661 )
- Maitraka - Hagagraha II , Maharaja (c. 656 - c. 662 )
- Pallavas (Anandadesh) - Mahamalla Narasimhavarman I , Maharaja ( 630 - 668 )
- Pandya - Yantavarman , Raja ( 640 - 670 )
- Hagda - Devahagda , King ( 658 - 673 )
- Kamarupa - Salasthamba , King ( 650 - 670 )
- China ( Tang Dynasty ) - Gao Zong (Li Zhi), Emperor ( 649 - 683 )
- Korea ( Three States Period):
- Goguryeo - Pogan , taewan ( 642 - 668 )
- Baekche -
- Iija , King ( 641 - 660 )
- in 660 conquered by Silla
- Silla - Muyol , Van ( 654 - 661 )
- Nanzhao - Qijia-Wan (Meng Sinulo) , Wang ( 649 - 674 )
- Pagan -
- Peit Ton , King ( 652 - 660 )
- Peit Tong , King ( 660 - 710 )
- Righteous Caliphate - Ali ibn Abu Talib , Righteous Caliph ( 656 - 661 )
- Rajarata (Anuradhapura) - Kassapa II , King ( 652 - 661 )
- Taruma - Tarusbava , king ( 650 - 670 )
- Tibet - Mangsong Mangtsen , King ( 650 - 676 )
- Togon - Muyun Nohebo , ruler ( 635 - 663 )
- Tampa - Vikrantavarman I , Prince (c. 653 - c. 686 )
- Chenla - Jayavarman I , Raja ( 657 - 681 )
- Japan - Saimey , Empress ( 654 - 661 )
Europe
- England - Oswiu , Bretwald ( 655 - 670 )
- East Anglia - ельthelwold King ( 655 - 664 )
- Dumnonia - Culmin up Petroc , King ( 658 - 661 )
- Kent - Erconbert King ( 640 - 664 )
- Mercia - Wulfher King ( 658 - 675 )
- Northumbria - Oswiu , King ( 655 - 670 )
- Wessex - Kenval , King ( 643 - 645 , 648 - 674 )
- Hwicke - Enfrith , King ( 650 - 674 )
- Essex -
- Sigebert II Good , King ( 653 - 660 )
- Sweethelm King ( 660 - 664 )
- Armorica - Gilqual , king ( 658 -?)
- Great Bulgaria - Kubrat , Khan ( 632 - 665 )
- Volga Bulgaria - Kotrag , Khan ( 660 - 710 )
- Kingdom of Visigoth - Reckesvint , King ( 653 - 672 )
- Byzantine Empire - Constant II , Emperor ( 641 - 668 )
- African Exarchate - Gennady (II) , Exarch ( 647 - 665 )
- Ravenna Exarchate - Theodore I Calliope , Exarch ( 643 - 645 , 653 - 666 )
- Domnonia - Halog , king ( 640 - 667 )
- Ireland -
- Diarmight Mac Aedo Slane , High King ( 658 - 665 )
- Blatmak poppy Aedo Slane , High King ( 658 - 665 )
- Isleh -
- Crandmael Mack Suibne , King ( 636 - 660 )
- Ferg Mack Crandmael , King ( 660 - 668 )
- Connacht - Guayre Aydne , King ( 655 - 663 )
- Leinster - Fianamaille Mac Male Tuile , King ( 656 - 680 )
- Munster - Maenach King ( 641 - 662 )
- Ulster - Blatmak Mack Mael Cobo , King ( 647 - 670 )
- Kingdom of Lombard - Aripert I , King ( 653 - 661 )
- Benevento - Grimoald , Duke ( 651 - 662 )
- Spoleto - Atto , Duke ( 650 - 665 )
- Friul - Ago , Duke ( 651 - 663 )
- The Holy See - Vitaly , Pope ( 657 - 672 )
- Serbia -
- Svovlad , zupan (? - c. 660 )
- Selemir , zupan (c. 660 - c. 680 )
- Wales -
- Brikheiniog - Gulidien , King ( 655 - 670 )
- Gwynedd - Kadwaladr the Blessed King ( 655 - 682 )
- Dived - Gulidien King ( 650 - 670 )
- Powys - Beli up Eliud , King ( 650 - c. 665 )
- Kingdom of Frankfurt -
- Australia -
- Hildebert Foster , King ( 656 - 661 )
- Grimoald the Elder , Mayord ( 642/643 - 662 )
- Neustria and Burgundy -
- Hlotar III , king ( 657 - 673 )
- Radobert , Majordom (Burgundy) ( 642 - 662 )
- Ebroin , Majordom (Neustria) ( 658 - 673 , 675 - 680 )
- Aquitaine and Vasconia -
- Amando , Duke ( 638 - c. 660 )
- Felix , Duke ( 660 - c. 676 )
- Bavaria - Theodon I , Duke ( 640 - c. 680 )
- Thuringia - Heden I the Elder , Duke (c. 642 - c. 687 )
- Australia -
- Frisia - Aldgisl I , king (? - 680 )
- Khazar Kaganate - Irbis , Kagan ( 650 - 665 )
- Sweden - Ivar Broad Embrace , king (c. 655 - c. 695 )
- Scotland -
- Galvidel - Merfin ap Kinfin , King (c. 655 - 682 )
- Dal Riad -
- Conall II King ( 650 - 660 )
- Domangart II , King ( 660 - 673 )
- Picts - Gartnart IV , King ( 657 - 663 )
- Strathclyde (Alt Cluit) - Alvin King ( 658 - 693 )
Ali ibn Abu Talib
656-661
Righteous CaliphConstants II
641-668
Emperor of ByzantiumRekkesvint
653-672
King of the VisigothsGao zong
649-683
Emperor of ChinaHlotar III
657-673
King of Neustria and BurgundySaimey
655-661
Empress of JapanVitaliy
657-672
Pope