Kiliva ( Kiliwa, Kiliwi, K'olew Ñaja ', Quiligua ) is the almost extinct Native American language of the aboriginal people of Kiliva living in the municipalities of Agua Escondida, Arroyo Leon, La Parra, southeast of the city of Ensenada and south of the cities of Kokopa, Paypay, Tipay in the state of Baja California in Mexico.
| Kiliva | |
|---|---|
| Self name | K'olew Ñaja ' |
| Countries | Mexico |
| Regions | Baja California |
| Total number of speakers | 10 (2007) |
| Status | |
| Classification | |
| |
| Writing | unwritten |
| Language Codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | - |
| ISO 639-2 | - |
| ISO 639-3 | klb |
| WALS | |
| Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
| Ethnologue | |
| ELCat | |
| IETF | |
| Glottolog | |
Content
- 1 Classification
- 2 Phonology
- 2.1 Consonants
- 2.2 Vowels
- 2.3 Accent Height
- 3 notes
- 4 References
Classification
Kiliva is the southernmost representative of the Yuman language family, while it is most different from other languages that make up the bulk of the family. Kilim’s southern neighbors spoke a language or family of languages, which were probably closely related, but did not belong to the Yuman language family.
There is no agreement among linguists who study prehistoric languages as to whether the linguistic ancestors of the kiliva migrated to Baja California from the north separately from the ancestors of the Kochimi and the main Homans, or if they were different from these groups on the spot. The use of the glottochronology method (causing controversy) shows that the separation of the kiliva from the main Humanians may have occurred about 2000-3000 years ago.
Phonology
Consonants
p, t, c, k, kw, q,?
(v), s, (SS), x, xw, (hw)
m, n, ny
r, l
(rl)
w, y
Vowels
i, u, ii, uu
a, aa
Accent Height
(1) high, (2) lowering, (3) low
Notes
Links
- Kiliva on Ethnologue