Pavlovoposad shawls (shawls) [1] - one of the Russian folk crafts . They are produced in Pavlovsky Posad, Moscow Region, at Pavlovoposad Handkerchief Manufactory OJSC.
Content
History
The production of scarves in Pavlovsky Posad was established on the basis of the traditions of artisanal textile production that already existed in the region. The peasant enterprise, from which the handicraft manufactory subsequently developed, was created in 1795 by the peasant of the village of Pavlovo I.D. Labzin. The great-grandson, Ya. I. Labzin, together with V.I. Gryaznov , redesigned the factory for the production of printed woolen shawls, which were widespread at that time in Russian society. The first Pavlovo Posad shawls were released in the early 1860s. The heyday of the manufactory falls on the 1870-1880s. In 1881, Yakov Labzin received the title of supplier of Grand Duchess Alexandra Petrovna , the company was awarded silver medals of All-Russian art and industrial exhibitions. In 1896, at the industrial exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod , the right to depict the state emblem on signs and labels was obtained.
After the October Revolution, the enterprise was nationalized and renamed the Staropavlovsk Factory. The company is expanding its assortment, attempts are being made to modernize the appearance of scarves (animal images, drawings on the themes of revolution, industrialization and collectivization), and the production of cotton fabrics. In 1937, the factory participated in the World Art and Industrial Exhibition in Paris. In the post-war period, the colors and assortment of shawls expand while maintaining traditional motifs and patterns. In 1958, at the World Exhibition in Brussels, Pavlovsky shawls were awarded the Big Gold Medal. In 1963, the factory was named the Moscow Production Shawl Association. Since 1995 - Pavlovoposad Handkerchief Manufactory OJSC.
Production
From the moment the factory was founded until the 1970s, the pattern was applied to the fabric with wooden carved forms: the outline of the pattern - with “manners” boards, the pattern itself - “with flowers”. Creating a scarf required up to 400 overlays. Since the 1970s, paint has been applied to fabrics using silk and nylon mesh patterns. This allows you to increase the number of colors, the elegance of the picture and improves the quality of production.
Artistic Features
The pattern of Pavlovo Posad shawls developed from standard patterns characteristic of the fabrics of the Moscow region and going back to the eastern shawls (“Turkish pattern”).
In the 1870s, there was a tendency to expand the assortment of scarves with naturalistic floral motifs. Preference was given to garden flowers, especially roses and dahlias .
At the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries, the final design of the style took place: a three-dimensional image of flowers gathered in bouquets, garlands or scattered around the scarf field on a black or red background, sometimes with the addition of ornaments and stylized plant elements. Shawls were made of translucent or dense wool .
Wooden molds and hammer for patterning
Roses on blue
Polonaise
Oriental patterns
Scarves, scarves and tablecloths in the store of Pavlovoposadsky Shawl Manufactory (2019)
Zaitsev fashion show inspired by Pavloposad shawls
See also
- Olshevskaya, Zlata Aleksandrovna
- Vasily Pavlovo-Posadsky
Notes
- ↑ GRAMOTA.RU - reference and information Internet portal "Russian Language" | Dictionaries | Verification of the word . www.gramota.ru. Date of treatment April 20, 2016.