The Archdiocese of Nicosia ( Latin Archidioecesis Nicosiensis ) is the abolished and now titular archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church with jurisdiction on the island of Cyprus .
| Archdiocese of Nicosia | |
|---|---|
| Archidioecesis nicosiensis | |
 The dilapidated Hagia Sophia , converted by the Turks into the Selimiye Mosque | |
| Latin rite | |
| Main city | Nicosia |
| A country | Cypriot Kingdom Venetian Republic |
| Founding date | 1196 |
| Date of abolition | 1571 year |
| Cathedral | Saint Sophie Cathedral |
| Diocese Suffragans | Diocese of Famagusta Diocese of Limassol Diocese of Paphos |
Content
History
After Cyprus was conquered by the army of the English king Crusader Richard the Lionheart and passed under the authority of the Catholic French dynasty de Lusignan , on the island, with the approval of Pope Celestine III , the Cypriot Latin-American archdiocese was established in Nicosia and three subordinate dioceses in Limassol , Paphos and Famagusta . The creation of the archdiocese was initiated by the second king of Cyprus, Amory I de Lusignan (1194-1205), who sent his chancellor, Archdeacon Alain, to Rome to resolve this issue. On January 3, 1197, Alain was clothed in the mantle of the first Catholic archbishop of Cyprus.
During the period of the episcopate of the next archbishop of Nicosia Thierry (c. 1206–1211), the Jerusalem Latin Patriarchate made an unsuccessful attempt to incorporate the archdiocese of Nicosia into its jurisdiction. When Archbishop Thierry in 1209 began the construction of the Gothic Nicosia Cathedral of St. Sophia , which was completed only in 1325 .
The spread of Catholic influence and the attempts of the Archbishop of Nicosia to completely subjugate Cyprus to their spiritual and political influence were met with stubborn resistance from the traditional Cypriot Cypriot Orthodox Church , which repeatedly led to interfaith conflicts. The archbishop of Nicosia, with varying success, tried to control the election of Orthodox metropolitans and even the hegumen of Orthodox monasteries. Most of the property of the Orthodox Church was confiscated by the Catholic Church, and Orthodox bishops were levied with a special tax in favor of the Archdiocese of Nicosia [1] . Several Orthodox archbishops of Cyprus (Isaiah, Neophytos) were expelled from the island. Despite this, the Orthodox clergy stubbornly refused to obey the Catholic archbishop. In 1231, thirteen Orthodox monks of the Kantar monastery condemned the policy of the Catholic hierarchs in Cyprus, as a result of which they were imprisoned and then burned at the stake [1] .
In 1260, Pope Alexander IV issued a bull, according to which the number of Orthodox metropolises in Cyprus was reduced from fourteen to four, the position of Orthodox archbishop of Cyprus was abolished, and the movement of Orthodox bishops was limited.
During the Great Western schism (1378-1417), the archbishop of Nicosia recognized the Avignon pope, not the Roman one.
Catholic supremacy in Cyprus ended in 1571 with the conquest of the island by the Ottoman Empire . Most of the Catholic clergy were destroyed by the Turks or fled from Cyprus. Catholic churches and monasteries were looted and turned into mosques (such as the Cathedral of St. Sophia and the Cathedral of St. Nicholas ) or transferred to the revived Cypriot Orthodox Church (such as Bellapais Abbey ). The last archbishop of Nicosia, Filippo Mocenigo, was able to avoid death only because he was in Rome at the time of the Ottoman conquest. He died in 1586 in Italy. [2]
Ordinaries of the Archdiocese
- Alain ( December 13, 1196 - after February 1, 1202 )
- Thierry (after January 28, 1206 - 1211 )
- Durant ( December 30, 1211 -?)
- Albert
- Ostor de Montague [3] (until July 23, 1217 - April 28, 1250 )
- Ugo di Fagiano di Pisa ( Augustinian ) ( December 23, 1250 - 1260 or 1251 - 1261 [3] )
- Giovanni Colonna (mentioned in 1262 )
- Egidio ( September 20, 1267 -?)
- Jean d'Angouleme (mentioned September 29, 1268 )
- Bertrand Bernardi (until October 1270 - after 1273 )
- Gerard de Langres ( 1274 -?) [3]
- Ranulf ( July 30, 1278 - 1286 )
- Henri de Gibele (1286–1286)
- Guido di Novavilla (1286—?)
- Giovanni d'Ancona ( October 30, 1388 - March 4, 1296 )
- Gerard de Langres ( April 24, 1295 - August 15, 1303 )
- Henri de Gibele (August 15, 1303 -?) ( Apostolic administrator )
- Tommaso de Muro ( January 8, 1306 -?) (Apostolic administrator)
- Pierre Erlan ( May 8, 1308 -?) (Apostolic administrator)
- Pierre de Brie (until January 4, 1311 -?) (Apostolic administrator)
- Giovanni dei Conti di Poli [3] ( May 10, 1312 - August 1, 1332 )
- Eli de Nabinal [3] (Elias de Nabino) ( November 16, 1332 - July 12, 1342 )
Notes
Sources
- Rudt de Collenberg Wipertus, État et origine du Haut Clergie de Chypre avant le Grand Schisme d'après les Registres des Papes du Xi et de XIV siècle , in Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome , tomo 91, n. 1, 1979, pp. 197-332; in particolare le pagine 208-209, 219-221, 266-269
- Rudt de Collenberg Wipertus, Le royaume et l'Église de Chypre face au Grand Schisme (1378-1417) d'après les Registres des Archives du Vatican , in Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome , tomo 94, n. 2, 1982, pp. 621-701; in particolare le pagine 638-643
- Titular Metropolitan See of Nicosia // www.gcatholic.org
- Archdiocese of Nicosia // www.catholic-hierarchy.org
- Nicosia // Catholic Encyclopedia
- Zoitakis, Athanasius History of the Cyprus Orthodox Church during the period of Latin domination and Ottoman rule.// www.agionoros.ru