Introduction
Below is a list of heads of state (in alphabetical order) as of January 1 - December 31, 2007.
The list (203 units) is divided into two groups:
- UN member states , as well as the Vatican - 193 units;
- Unrecognized and partially recognized states that are not members of the UN - 10 units.
UN Member States (Observers)
A
Australia •
Elizabeth II (1952 [1] ) - Queen, Michael Jeffery (2003) - Governor General, John Howard (1996) || Kevin Rudd (2007 [2] ) - Prime Minister.
Austria • Heinz Fischer (2004) - President, Wolfgang Schüssel (2000) || Alfred Gusenbauer (2007 [3] ) - Chancellor.
Azerbaijan • Ilham Aliyev (2003) - President, Arthur Rasizade (2003) - Prime Minister.
Albania • Alfred Moyciu (2002) || Bamir Topi (2007 [4] ) - President, Sali Berisha (2005) - Prime Minister.
Algeria • Abdelaziz Bouteflika (1999) - President, Abdelaziz Belhadem (2006) - Prime Minister.
Angola • Jose Eduardo dos Santos (1979) - President, Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos (2002) - Prime Minister.
Andorra • Jacques Chirac (2002) || Nicolas Sarkozy (2007 [5] ) - Co-Prince, President of France ; Joan Enric Vives-i-Sicilia (2003) - Co-Prince, Bishop of Urhel ; Albert Pintat (2005) - Prime Minister.
Antigua and Barbuda •
Elizabeth II (1981) - Queen, James Carlisle (1993) ||
Louise Lake-Tech (2007 [6] ) - Governor General, Baldwin Spencer (2004) - Prime Minister.
Argentina • Nestor Kirchner (2003) ||
Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner (2007 [7] ) - President, Alberto Fernandez (2003) - Prime Minister.- Armenia • Robert Kocharian (1998) - President, Andranik Margaryan (2000) || Serzh Sargsyan (2007 [8] ) - Prime Minister.
- Afghanistan • Hamid Karzai (2001) - President.
B
- Bahamas • Elizabeth II (1973) - Queen, Arthur Dion Hannah (2006) - Governor General, Perry Christie (2002) || Hubert Ingram (2007 [9] ) - Prime Minister.
- Bangladesh • Yajuddin Ahmed (2002) - President, Yajuddin Ahmed (2006) || Fazlul Hake (2007 [10] ) || Fakhruddin Ahmed (2007 [11] ) - Prime Minister.
- Barbados • Elizabeth II (1966) - Queen, Clifford Hasbands (1996) - Governor General, Owen Arthur (1994) - Prime Minister.
- Bahrain • Hamad ibn Isa al-Khalifa - King [12] (1999), Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (1970) - Prime Minister.
- Belarus • Alexander Lukashenko (1994) - President, Sergei Sidorsky (2003) - Prime Minister.
- Belize • Elizabeth II (1981) - Queen, Colville Young (1993) - Governor General, Said Musa (1998) - Prime Minister.
- Belgium • Albert II (1993) - King, Guy Verhofstadt (1999) - Prime Minister.
- Benin • Yayi Boni (2006) - President.
- Bulgaria • George Pyrvanov (2002) - President, Sergey Stanishev (2005) - Prime Minister.
- Bolivia • Evo Morales (2006) - President.
- Bosnia and Herzegovina • Nebojša Radmanovic , representative of the Republika Srpska (2006); Haris Silajdzic , representative of the Muslim (Bosnian) community (2006); Zeljko Komšić , representative of the Croatian community (2006) - members of the Presidium of Bosnia and Herzegovina , Adnan Terzić (2002) || Nikola Shpirich (2007 [3] ) - Prime Minister.
- Botswana • Festus Mogae (1998) - President.
- Brazil • Luis Inácio Lula da Silva (2003) - President.
- Brunei • Hassanal Bolkiah (1967) - Sultan, Hassanal Bolkiah (1984) - Prime Minister.
- Burkina Faso • Blaise Compaore (1987) - President, Ernest Yonli Paramanga (2000) || Tertius Zongo (2007 [13] ) - Prime Minister.
- Burundi • Pierre Nkurunziza (2005) - President.
- Bhutan • Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuk (2006) - King, Handu Wangchuk (2006) || Kinzang Dorji (2007 [14] ) - Prime Minister.
In
- Vanuatu • Kalkot Mataskelekele (2004) - President, Ham Lini (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Vatican • Benedict XVI (2005) - Sovereign of the Vatican City State, Tarchisio Bertone (2006) - Vatican Secretary of State , Giovanni Laiolo (2006) - Vatican Governor .
- Great Britain • Elizabeth II (1952) - Queen, Anthony Blair (1997) || Gordon Brown (2007 [15] ) - Prime Minister.
- Hungary • Laszlo Schojom (2005) - President, Ferenc Gyurcsany (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Venezuela • Hugo Chavez (1999) - President.
- East Timor • Shanana Guzman (2002) || Jose Ramos-Horta (2007 [16] ) - President, Jose Ramos-Horta (2006) || Estanislau da Silva (2007 [17] ) || Shanana Guzman (2007 [18] ) - Prime Minister.
- Vietnam • Nguyen Minh Chiet (2006) - President, Nguyen Tan Dung (2006) - Prime Minister, Nong Duc Manh (2001) - Secretary General of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam.
G
- Gabon • Omar Bongo (1967) - President; Jean Eyeg Ndong (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Haiti • Rene Preval (2006) - President, Jacques-Edouard Alexis (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Guyana • Bharrat Jagdeo (1999) - President; Samuel Hinds (1999) - Prime Minister.
- The Gambia • Yaya Jamme (1994) - President.
- Ghana • John Kufuor (2001) - President.
- Guatemala • Oscar Berger (2004) - President.
- Guinea • Lansana Conte (1984) - President, Celu Dalein Diallo (2004) || Eugene Camara (2007 [19] ) || Lansana Kuyate (2007 [20] ) - Prime Minister.
- Guinea-Bissau • Juan Bernardo Vieira (2005) - President, Aristides Gomez (2005) || Martino Ndafa Kabi (2007 [21] ) - Prime Minister.
- Germany • Horst Köhler (2004) - President, Angela Merkel (2005) - Federal Chancellor .
- Honduras • Manuel Zelaya (2006) - President.
- Grenada • Elizabeth II (1974) - Queen, Daniel Williams (1996) - Governor General, Keith Mitchell (1995) - Prime Minister.
- Greece • Karolos Papoulias (2005) - President, Costas Karamanlis (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Georgia • Mikheil Saakashvili (2004) - President || Nino Burjanadze (2007 [22] ) - acting President, Zurab Nogaideli (2005) || Vladimir Gurgenidze (2007 [23] ) - Prime Minister.
D
- Denmark • Margrethe II (1972) - Queen, Anders Fogh Rasmussen (2001) - Prime Minister.
- Djibouti • Ismail Omar Gelle (1999) - President, Dileyta Mohamed Dileyta (2001) - Prime Minister.
- Dominica • Nicholas Liverpool (2003) - President, Roosevelt Skerrit (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Dominican Republic • Leonel Fernandez (2004) - President.
E
- Egypt • Hosni Mubarak (1981) - President, Ahmed Nazif (2004) - Prime Minister.
3
- Zambia • Levi Mwanavasa (2002) - President.
- Zimbabwe • Robert Mugabe (1987) - President.
And
- Israel • Moshe Katsav (2000) || Shimon Peres (2007 [24] ) - President, Ehud Olmert (2006) - Prime Minister.
- India • Abdul Kalam (2002) || Pratibha Patil (2007 [25] ) - President, Manmohan Singh (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Indonesia • Susilo Bambang Yudoyono (2004) - President.
- Jordan • Abdullah II (1999) - King, Maruf al-Bahit (2005) || Nader al-Dahabi (2007 [23] ) - Prime Minister.
- Iraq • Jalal Talabani (2005) - President, Nuri al-Maliki (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Iran • Ali Khamenei (1989) - Senior Leader of Iran , Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (2005) - President.
- Ireland • Mary Patricia McAleese (1997) - President, Patrick Ahern (1997) - Prime Minister.
- Iceland • Olafur Ragnar Grimsson (1996) - President, Geir Horde (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Spain • Juan Carlos I (1975) - King, Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Italy • Giorgio Napolitano (2006) - President, Romano Prodi (2006) - Prime Minister.
Th
- Yemen • Ali Abdullah Saleh (1990) - President, Abdul Kader Bahamal (2001) || Abdel Kader Badzhamal (2007 [26] ) - Prime Minister.
To
- Cape Verde • Pedro Pires (2001) - President, Jose Maria Neves (2001) - Prime Minister.
- Kazakhstan • Nursultan Nazarbayev (1990) - President, Danial Akhmetov (2003) || Karim Masimov (2007 [27] ) - Prime Minister.
- Cambodia • The Siomoni Norod (2004) - King, Hong Sen (1998) - Prime Minister
- Cameroon • Paul Biya (1982) - President, Efraim Inoni (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Canada • Elizabeth II (1952) - Queen Mikael Jean (2005) - Governor General, Stephen Harper (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Qatar • Hamad bin Khalifa al-Sani (1995) - emir, Abdullah bin Khalifa al-Thani (1996) || Hamad bin Jaber al-Thani (2007 [28] ) - Prime Minister.
- Kenya • Mwai Kibaki (2002) - President.
- Cyprus • Thassos Papadopoulos (2003) - President.
- Kyrgyzstan • Kurmanbek Bakiev (2005) - President, Felix Kulov (2005) || Azim Isabekov (2007 [29] ) || Almazbek Atambaev (2007 [30] ) || Iskenderbek Aydaraliev (2007 [31] ) || Igor Chudinov (2007 [32] ) - Prime Minister.
- Kiribati • Anote Tong (2003) - President.
- China • Hu Jintao (2002) - Secretary General of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China , (2003) - Chairman of the People's Republic of China ; Wen Jiabao (2003) - Premier of the State Council of China .
- Comoros • Ahmed Abdullah Sambi (2006) - President.
- Republic of the Congo • Denis Sassou Nguesso (1997) - President, Isidor Mvuba (2005) - Prime Minister.
- Democratic Republic of the Congo • Joseph Kabila (2001) - President; Antoine Gizenga (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Colombia • Alvaro Uribe (2002) - President.
- DPRK • Kim Jong Il (1993) - Chairman of the State Defense Committee of the DPRK (head of state de facto), (1997) - General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Labor Party of Korea ; Kim Yong Nam (1998) - Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People’s Assembly of the DPRK (head of state de jure), Pak Pong Joo (2003) || Kim Yong Il (2007 [33] ) - Chairman of the DPRK Cabinet of Ministers.
- Republic of Korea • No Moo Hyun (2003) - President, Han Myung-suk (2006) || Han Dok Soo (2007 [34] ) - Prime Minister.
- Costa Rica • Oscar Arias (2000) - President.
- Côte d'Ivoire • Laurent Gbagbo (2000) - President, Charles Conan Bunny (2005) || Guillaume Sorot (2007 [35] ) - Prime Minister.
- Cuba • Fidel Castro (1961) - First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba, Raul Castro (2006) - interim Chairman of the State Council of Cuba.
- Kuwait • Sabah IV (2006) - Emir, Nasser al-Mohammed al-Ahmed al-Sabah (2006) - Prime Minister.
L
- Laos • Chummali Sayason (2006) - General Secretary of the People's Revolutionary Party of Laos, President; Boisson Bupphavan (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Latvia • Vaira Vike-Freiberga (1999) || Valdis Zatlers (2007 [36] ) - President, Aigar Kalvitis (2004) || Ivars Godmanis (2007 [37] ) - Prime Minister.
- Lesotho • Letsie III (1996) - King, Pacalita Mosesili (1998) - Prime Minister.
- Liberia • Ellen Johnson-Serleaf (2006) - President.
- Lebanon • Emil Lahoud (1998) || Fuad Signora (2007 [38] ) - President, Fuad Signora (2005) - Prime Minister.
- Libya • Muammar Gaddafi (1969) - leader of Libya (de facto), Zentani Mohammed al-Zentani (1992) - Secretary General of the General People’s Congress of Libya (head of Libya de jure); Baghdadi Mahmudi (2006) - Secretary General of the Supreme People’s Committee (Prime Minister).
- Lithuania • Valdas Adamkus (2004) - President, Gediminas Kirkilas (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Liechtenstein • Hans-Adam II (1989) - ruling prince, Alois (2004) - heir to the prince (regent); Otmar Hasler (2001) - Prime Minister.
- Luxembourg • Henry (2000) - Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Jean-Claude Juncker (1995) - Prime Minister.
M
- Mauritius • Anirud Jagnot (2003) - President, Navincandra Rangulam (2005) - Prime Minister.
- Mauritania • Eli Ould Mohammed Vall (2005) || Sidi Mohammed Ould Sheikh Abdullahi (2007 [39] ) - President; Sidi Mohammed ul Bubaker (2005) || Zayne ul Ziidan (2007 [40] ) - Prime Minister.
- Madagascar • Marc Ravalomanana (2002) - President, Jacques South Silla (2002) || Charles Rabemananzara (2007 [41] ) - Prime Minister.
- Northern Macedonia • Branko Crvenkovsky (2004) - President, Nikola Gruevsky (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Malawi • Bingu wa Mutarika (2004) - President.
- Malaysia • Mizan Zaynal Abidin (2006) - Sultan, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (2003) - Prime Minister.
- Mali • Amadou Tumani Touré (2002) - President, Usman Issoufi Maiga (2004) || Modibo Sidibé (2007 [42] ) - Prime Minister.
- Maldives • Momun Abdul Gayum (1978) - President.
- Malta • Edward Fenech Adami (2004) - President; Lawrence Gonzi (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Morocco • Mohammed VI (1999) - King, Dris Jettou (2002) || Abbas el Fassi (2007 [43] ) - Prime Minister.
- Marshall Islands • Kesai Note (2000) - President.
- Mexico • Felipe Calderon (2006) - President.
- Mozambique • Armando Guebuza (2005) - President, Louise Diogu (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Moldova • Vladimir Voronin (2001) - President, Vasily Tarlev (2001) - Prime Minister.
- Monaco • Albert II (2005) - reigning prince, Jean-Paul Proust (2005) - Minister of State.
- Mongolia • Nambaryn Enkhbayar (2005) - President, Mieegombyn Enkhbold (2006) || Sanjin Bayar (2007 [23] ) - Prime Minister.
- Myanmar • Tan Shwe (1992) - Chairman of the State Council for Peace and Development of the Union of Myanmar, So Wing (2004) || Thein Sein (2007 [44] ) - Prime Minister.
H
- Namibia • Hifikepunye Pohamba (2005) - President, Nahas Angula (2005) - Prime Minister.
- Nauru • Ludwig Scotty (2004) || Marcus Steven (2007 [45] ) - President.
- Nepal • Gyanendra (2001) || the post was abolished (2007 [46] ) - king, Girija Prasad Koirala (2007 [47] ) - interim president, Girija Prasad Koirala (2006) - prime minister.
- Niger • Tanja Mamadou (1999) - President, Hama Amadu (2000) || Seyni Umaru (2007 [48] ) - Prime Minister.
- Nigeria • Olusegun Obasanjo (1999) || Umaru Yar-Adua (2007 [49] ) - President.
- Netherlands • Beatrix (1980) - Queen, Jan Peter Balkenende (2002) - Prime Minister.
- Nicaragua • Enrique Jose Bolaños Geyer (2002) || Daniel Ortega (2007 [49] ) is the president.
- New Zealand • Elizabeth II (1952) - Queen, Anand Satyanand (2006) - Governor General, Helen Clark (1999) - Prime Minister.
- Norway • Harald V (1991) - King, Jens Stoltenberg (2005) - Prime Minister.
About
- UAE • Khalifa ibn Zayd al-Nahyan (2004) - President, Mohammed bin Rashid Al-Maktoum (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Oman • Qaboos bin Saeed (1970) - Sultan, (1972) - Prime Minister.
P
- Pakistan • Pervez Musharraf (2001) - President, Shawkat Aziz (2004) || Yusuf Reza Gilani (2007 [50] ) - Prime Minister.
- Palau • Thomas Remengesau (2001) - President.
- Panama • Martin Torrijos (2004) - President.
- Papua New Guinea • Elizabeth II (1975) - Queen, Polias Matane (2004) - Governor General, Michael Thomas Somare (2002) - Prime Minister.
- Paraguay • Nicanor Duarte (2003) - President.
- Peru • Alan Garcia Perez (2006) - President, Jorge del Castillo (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Poland • Lech Kaczynski (2005) - President, Jaroslav Kaczynski (2006) || Donald Tusk (2007 [51] ) - Prime Minister.
- Portugal • Anibal Cavaco Silva (2006) - President, Jose Socrates (2005) - Prime Minister.
P
- Russia • Vladimir Putin (2000) - President, Mikhail Fradkov (2004, 2007 [52] ) || Victor Zubkov (2007 [53] ) - Prime Minister.
- Rwanda • Paul Kagame (2000) - President, Bernard Macouza (2000) - Prime Minister.
- Romania • Traian Basescu (2004) || Nicolae Vaccareu (2007 [54] ) - President, Calin Popescu-Tericiano (2004) - Prime Minister.
C
- El Salvador • Antonio Saca (2004) - President.
- Samoa • Malietoa Tanumafili II Susuga (1962) || Tuiatu Tupua Tamasese Efi (2007 [55] ) - O le Ao O le le Malo [56] , Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi (1998) - Prime Minister.
- San Marino • Antonio Carattoni and Roberto Giorgetti (2006) || Alessandro Mancini and Alessandro Rossi (2007 [57] ) || Mirko Tomassoni and Alberto Selva (2007 [58] ) are regent captains .
- Sao Tome and Principe • Fradike de Menezes (2001) - President, Tome Vera Cruz (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Saudi Arabia • Abdullah ibn Abdel Aziz al-Saud (2005) - King, Prime Minister.
- Swaziland • Mswati III (1986) - King, Temba Dlamini (2003) - Prime Minister.
- Seychelles • James Elix Michael (2004) - President.
- Senegal • Abdoulay Wad (2000) - President, Maki Sall (2004) || Sheikh Hajibu Sumare (2007 [59] ) - Prime Minister.
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines • Elizabeth II (1979) - Queen, Frederick Ballantyne (2002) - Governor General, Ralph Gonçalves (2001) - Prime Minister.
- Saint Kitts and Nevis • Elizabeth II (1983) - Queen, Cuthbert Sebastian (1996) - Governor General, Denzil Douglas (1995) - Prime Minister.
- Saint Lucia • Elizabeth II (1979) - Queen, Perlette Louisie (1997) - Governor General, John Compton (2006) || Stephenson King (2007 [60] ) - Prime Minister.
- Serbia • Boris Tadic (2004) - President, Vojislav Kostunica (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Singapore • Sellan Ramanathan (1999) - President; Lee Hsien Long (2004) - Prime Minister.
- Syria • Bashar al-Assad (2000) - President, Muhammad Naji al-Otari (2003) - Prime Minister.
- Slovakia • Ivan Gasparovic (2004) - President, Robert Fico (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Slovenia • Janez Drnovšek (2002) || Danilo Turk (2007 [61] ) - President, Janez Jansha (2004) - Prime Minister.
- USA • George Walker Bush (2001) - President, Richard Cheney (2001) - Vice President.
- Solomon Islands • Elizabeth II (1978) - Queen, Nathaniel Vaena (2004) - Governor General, Manasse Sogaware (2006) || Derek Sikua (2007 [37] ) - Prime Minister.
- Somalia • Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed (2004) - President, Ali Mohammed Gedi (2004) || Nur Hassan Hussein (2007 [62] ) - Prime Minister.
- Sudan • Omar al-Bashir (1993) - President.
- Suriname • Ronald Venetian (2000) - President.
- Sierra Leone • Ahmad Tejan Kabba (1998) || Ernest Bai Koroma (2007 [63] ) - President.
T
- Tajikistan • Emomali Rahmon (1994) - President; Okil Okilov (1999) - Prime Minister.
- Thailand • Bhumibol Adulyadej (1946) - King, Son Thi Bunyratglin (2006 [64] ) || Surayud Chulanont (2007 [58] ) - Prime Minister.
- Tanzania • Jakaya Kikvet (2005) - President, Edward Ngoyai Lovassa (2005) - Prime Minister.
- Togo • Fort Gnassingbe (2005) - President, Yavovi Agboyibo (2006) || Comlan Mally (2007 [65] ) - Prime Minister.
- Tonga • George Tupou V (2006) - King, Feleti Sevele (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Trinidad and Tobago • George Maxwell Richards (2003) - President, Patrick Manning (2001) - Prime Minister.
- Tuvalu • Elizabeth II (1978) - Queen, Filoimea Telito (2005) - Governor General, Apisai Ielemia (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Tunisia • Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (1987) - President, Mohammed Gannouchi (1999) - Prime Minister.
- Turkmenistan • Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov (2006 [66] ) - President.
- Turkey • Ahmet Sezer (2000) || Abdullah Gul (2007 [65] ) - President, Recep Tayyip Erdogan (2003) - Prime Minister.
U
- Uganda • Yoweri Museveni (1986) - President; Apolo Nsibambi (1999) - Prime Minister.
- Ukraine • Victor Yushchenko (2005) - President, Viktor Yanukovych (2006 [67] ) || Yulia Tymoshenko (2007 [68] ) - Prime Minister.
- Uzbekistan • Islam Karimov (1990) - President, Shavkat Mirziyaev (2003) - Prime Minister.
- Uruguay • Tabare Vazquez (2005) - President.
F
- Federated States of Micronesia • Joseph Urusemal (2003) || Immanuel Mori (2007 [69] ) - President.
- Fiji • Frank Mbainimarama (2006 [70] ) || Josef Iloilo (2007 [71] ) - President, Jonah Senilagakali (2006) || Frank Mbainimarama (2007 [72] ) - interim prime minister.
- Philippines • Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (2001) - President.
- Finland • Tarja Halonen (2000) - President, Matti Vanhanen (2003) - Prime Minister.
- France • Jacques Chirac (1995) || Nicolas Sarkozy (2007 [5] ) - President, Dominic de Villepin (2005) || Francois Fillon (2007 [73] ) - Prime Minister.
X
- Croatia • Stepan Mesic (2000) - President, Ivo Sanader (2003) - Prime Minister.
C
- Central African Republic • Francois Bozize (2003) - President, Eli Dote (2005) - Prime Minister.
H
- Chad • Idris Deby (1990) - President, Pascal Joadimnadji (2003) || Adum Yunusmi (2007 [74] ) || Delva Cassire Kumacoye (2007 [20] ) - Prime Minister.
- Montenegro • Filip Vujanovic (2006) - President, Zeljko Šturanović (2008) - Prime Minister.
- Czech Republic • Vaclav Klaus (2003) - President, Mirek Topolanek (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Chile • Michelle Bachelet (2006) - President.
Прав
- Switzerland • Micheline Calmy-Re (2007 [75] ) - President, Pascal Couchepin (2007 [75] ) - Vice President.
- Sweden • Carl XVI Gustav (1973) - King; John Fredrik Reinfeldt (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Sri Lanka • Mahinda Rajapaksa (2005) - President, Ratnasiri Vikremanayake (2005) - Prime Minister.
E
- Ecuador • Alfredo Palacio Gonzalez (2005) || Rafael Correa (2007 [47] ) - President.
- Equatorial Guinea • Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (1979) - President; Ricardo Mangue Obama Nfubea (2006) - Prime Minister.
- Eritrea • Isaiah Afevork (1993) - President.
- Estonia • Toomas Hendrik Ilves (2006) - President, Andrus Ansip (2005) - Prime Minister.
- Ethiopia • Gyrma Walde-Giorgis Luka (2001) - President, Meles Zenawi (1995) - Prime Minister.
Yu
- South Africa • Thabo Mbeki (1999) - President.
I
- Jamaica • Elizabeth II (1962) - Queen, Kenneth Hall (2006) - Governor General, Bruce Golding (2007) - Prime Minister.
- Japan • Akihito (1989) - Emperor, Shinzo Abe (2006) || Yasuo Fukuda (2007 [76] ) - Prime Minister.
Unrecognized by most states
- Republic of Abkhazia • Sergey Bagapsh (2005) - President, Alexander Ankvab (2005) - Prime Minister.
- Republic of China • Chen Shui-bian (2000) - President, Su Zhenchang (2006) || Zhang Junxiong (2007 [77] ) - Prime Minister.
- NKR • Arkady Ghoukassian (1997) || Bako Sahakyan (2007 [78] ) - President, Anushavan Danielyan (1999) || Araik Harutyunyan (2007 [63] ) - Prime Minister.
- State of Palestine • Mahmoud Abbas (2005) - Chapter, Ismail Khania (2006) || Salam Fayyad (2007 [79] ) - Prime Minister.
- Transnistria • Igor Smirnov (1991) - President.
- Sahara Arab Democratic Republic • Mohammed Abdelaziz (1976) - President, Abdelkader Taleb Umar (2003) - Prime Minister.
- Northern Cyprus • Mehmet Ali Talat (2005) - President, Ferdy Sabit Sawyer (2005) - Prime Minister.
- Somaliland • Dahir Riyal Kahin (2002) - President.
- Tamil Ilam • Velupillai Prabhakaran (1976) - chapter.
- South Ossetia • Eduard Kokoity (2001) - President, Yuri Morozov (2005) - Prime Minister.
Notes
- ↑ Hereinafter in brackets is the year of taking office or obtaining the title.
- ↑ In office since December 3, 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 In office since January 11, 2007.
- ↑ In office since July 24, 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 In office since May 16, 2007.
- ↑ In office since July 14, 2007.
- ↑ In office since October 28, 2007.
- ↑ Temporarily acting since March 25, in a position since April 4, 2007.
- ↑ In office since May 4, 2007.
- ↑ Acting temporarily from January 11 to November 12, 2007.
- ↑ In office since November 12, 2007.
- ↑ Until 2002, the head of Bahrain bore the title of emir.
- ↑ In office since June 11, 2007.
- ↑ Acting temporarily from July 31 to August 3, in office from August 3, 2007.
- ↑ In office since June 27, 2007.
- ↑ In office since May 20, 2007.
- ↑ Temporarily in office from May 19 to August 8 from May 20, 2007.
- ↑ In office since August 8, 2007.
- ↑ Temporarily in office from February 9 to 26, 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 In office since February 26, 2007.
- ↑ In office since April 13, 2007.
- ↑ Temporarily acting since November 25, 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 3 In office since November 22, 2007.
- ↑ In office since July 15, 2007.
- ↑ In office since July 25, 2007.
- ↑ In office since April 7, 2007.
- ↑ In office since January 8, 2007.
- ↑ In office since April 3, 2007.
- ↑ In office from January 29 to March 29, 2007.
- ↑ In office from March 29 to November 28, 2007.
- ↑ Acting temporarily from November 28 to December 24, 2007.
- ↑ In office since December 24, 2007.
- ↑ In office since April 11, 2007.
- ↑ In office since April 2, 2007.
- ↑ In office since April 4, 2007.
- ↑ In office since July 8, 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 In office since December 20, 2007.
- ↑ Temporarily acting since November 23, 2007.
- ↑ In office since April 19, 2007.
- ↑ In office since April 20, 2007.
- ↑ In office since January 20, 2007.
- ↑ In office since September 28, 2007.
- ↑ In office since September 19, 2007.
- ↑ In office since May 18, 2007.
- ↑ In office since December 19, 2007.
- ↑ The post is abolished, the country became a republic on October 15, 2007
- ↑ 1 2 In office since January 15, 2007.
- ↑ In office since June 7, 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 In office since May 29, 2007.
- ↑ Temporarily acting since November 16, 2007.
- ↑ In office since November 16, 2007.
- ↑ Acting temporarily from September 12 to September 14, 2007.
- ↑ In office since September 14, 2007.
- ↑ Acting temporarily from April 20 to May 19, 2007.
- ↑ In office since June 20, 2007.
- ↑ Samoan name of the head of state.
- ↑ In office from April 1 to October 1, 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 In office since October 1, 2007.
- ↑ In office since June 19, 2007.
- ↑ Temporarily performed duties from September 7 to 9, in a position from September 9, 2007.
- ↑ In office since December 23, 2007.
- ↑ In office since November 24, 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 In office since September 17, 2007.
- ↑ Head of the National Security Council.
- ↑ 1 2 In office since December 6, 2007.
- ↑ Acting until February 14, 2007.
- ↑ Acting from November 23 to December 18, 2007.
- ↑ In office since December 18, 2007.
- ↑ In office since May 11, 2007.
- ↑ Temporarily acting since 2006.
- ↑ В должности с 4 января 2007 года.
- ↑ В должности с 5 января 2007 года.
- ↑ В должности с 17 мая 2007 года.
- ↑ Временно исполнял обязанности с 23 по 26 февраля 2007 года.
- ↑ 1 2 В должности с 1 января по 31 декабря 2007 года.
- ↑ В должности с 26 сентября 2007 года.
- ↑ В должности с 21 мая 2007 года.
- ↑ В должности с 7 сентября 2007 года.
- ↑ В должности с 15 июня 2007 года.