Tuykin, Fazyl Karimovich

Tuikin Fazyl Karimovich was born on June 10, 1888 in the village of Zai-Karatay of the Bugulma district of the Samara province (now the Leninogorsk district of the Republic of Tatarstan ) in a muezzin family, a Tatar. ^[1] Based on the materials of the population revisions and records in the metric books, the Tuikins belonged to the Bashkir estate ^[2] . The ancestor of Fazyl Tuykin - Tuyka was the leader of one of the Bashkir revolts , after the suppression of which he moved to the west. Elder brother - famous writer Kabir Karimovich Tuykin .

Tuikin Fazyl Karimovich graduated from the Muhammadiya Madrasah in Kazan. In 1904, after graduating from the middle class, the madrasah returned to his native village, with the help of his brother and relatives, organized a four-year school and worked there as a teacher.

In 1906 he lived in Orenburg, where his first poem “Relatives” was published. Then he returned to his homeland, worked in the schools of the current Sarmanovsky district of Tatarstan and the Menzelinsky district of the Ufa province, where he taught spiritual disciplines, mathematics. Organized a village theater in the village.

The most fruitful period of the work of Fazyl Tuykin was 1911-1914, when the writer lived in Ufa and taught at the Khakimiya madrasah . Since 1912, his poems were published in the Shuro magazine, and the folklore collection Constellation of Songs prepared by him, consisting of Bashkir and Tatar folk songs, was prepared by him. In 1914 he published his collection of songs, the textbook "The Canons of Islam."

He was an employee of the editorial offices of the newspapers “Fiker” (“Thought”), the magazines “ Shura ” (“Council”) and “Magarif” (“Enlightenment”).

In the collection of poems "Christmas time" ("Nardugan", 1915) he sang the beauty of the nature of his native land, showed the life of the villagers. F. Tuykin - author of the historical drama “Heroes of the Fatherland” (“Vatan kaharmannary”, (1912), dedicated to the Patriotic War of 1812, the play “Victims of Life” (“Tormysh korbannary”, 1912) about the life of the Bashkirs and Tatars in the beginning, the 20th century, where he exposed religious fanaticism.

Tuikin collected and published ancient folk songs, participated in the preparation of history textbooks for national schools.

Fazyl Tuykin’s plays were staged by the troupes Nur , Sayyar and Shirkat in Ufa and Orenburg .

Fazyl Tuikin found and published the manuscripts of the 17th century poet Mavl Kolyi , the 18th century writer and traveler Ismagil Bikmuhamet , previously unknown works by the poet Gabderakhim Utyz Imenni and other authors.

In 1919, the first part of the scientific work “History of the Turks”, written by him together with his brother Kabir Tuykin, was published in Orenburg. The second part remained unpublished.

After the Great October Socialist Revolution, Fazyl Tuikin taught at the schools of the Bugulma district of the Republic of Tatarstan, worked at the Bugulma seminary of Tatar-Bashkir teachers, later - an instructor in the education department of the Bugulma canton, taught at the local pedagogical college.

The scientific and pedagogical works of Fazyl Tuykin are published in the newspaper Kyzyl Tatarstan , the magazines Our Way and Education.

In 1931 F. Tuikin was accused of bourgeois nationalism ( "Sultangalievism" ) and sentenced to 6 months in prison. In 1932 he was exiled to the village of Abdrakhmanovo, Almetyevsk district , where he taught at school, collected folklore.

On January 1, 1937, Fazyl Tuikin was again arrested. At the time of his arrest, Tuikin served as a teacher of the Tatar language and geography at the Tatar Pedagogical College of Bugulma. Sentenced by the military tribunal of the Military Military District on October 28, 1937, at: 17-58-2, 58-10 part 1, 58-11 (“a participant in the nationalist organization Atlasov ”) in the maximum measure of punishment with confiscation of property. Shot on February 15, 1938. The burial place is Kazan, the Arkhangelsk cemetery, a common grave. Rehabilitated May 27, 1958

The name of F. Tuikin is a street and a secondary school in the village of Zay-Karatay RT.

A memorial plaque was installed on the house where he lived.

Plays: “Tormysh korbannary (Victims of life)” (1912), “Vatan kaharmannary (Brave heroes of the Fatherland)” (1912),

Collection of poems "Nardugan (Christmas time)" (Ufa, 1915)

Compiled “Kırlar Ukhtūris (Collection of Songs)” (1912), “Җırlar Mәzhmugasy (Collection of Folk Songs)” (Ufa, 1914)

• Bashort poetry anthology, Өfө, 1971.
• Essays on the history of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, vol. 1, part 2, Ufa, 1959.
• Bashkir Encyclopedia. Ufa, 2007.
• Bashkir Encyclopedia: In 7 vols. Ufa: Bashkir Encyclopedia, 2006.

• Article in the Bashkir Encyclopedia
• Bashkortostan: a brief encyclopedia
• Brief Encyclopedia of Literature
• Tatar Encyclopedia "Millәttәšlәr" ("Tribesmen")
• Materials for the genealogy of the Tuikins
• History of the Bashkir clans: Jurmi
• History of the Bashkir clans: Jurmi