Alcyonacea (lat.) - a detachment of coral polyps from a subclass of eight-rays ( Octocorallia ). Soft corals ( Alcyoniina ), gorgonaria ( Calcaxonia , Holaxonia and Scleraxonia ) and Stolonifera are combined . Colonial organisms, the skeleton of which is represented by calcareous (in soft corals) or collagen (in gorgonaria) elements lying in the mesoglye . In representatives of the suborder Stolonifera, the skeleton is represented by a chitinous periderm.
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Alcyonacea ( Lamouroux , 1812) | |||||||||||||||
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Content
Lifestyle
Unlike madrepore corals, they live in nutrient-rich water with less intense light. Almost all use symbiotic photosynthesizing Symbiodinium as their main source of energy. However, most of them eagerly feed on plankton .
They are an integral part of the reef ecosystem and provide a habitat for fish, shellfish, algae and other diverse marine species.
Some representatives are used as aquarium species.
Taxonomy
Includes the following suborders and families:
- Suborder Alcyoniina
- Family Alcyoniidae
- Family Nephtheidae
- The Nidaliidae Family
- Family Paralcyoniidae
- Xeniidae Family
- Suborder Calcaxonia
- Chrysogorgiidae Family
- Family Dendrobrachiidae
- Ellisellidae Family
- Family Ifalukellidae
- Family isididae
- Primnoidae Family
- Suborder Holaxonia
- Acanthogorgiidae Family
- Gorgoniidae family
- Family Keroeididae
- Plexauridae Family
- Suborder Protoalcyonaria
- Taiaroidae Family
- Suborder Scleraxonia
- Family Anthothelidae
- Family Briareidae
- Family coralliidae
- Family Melithaeidae
- Family Paragorgiidae
- Family Parisididae
- Family Subergorgiidae
- Suborder Stolonifera
- Family Acrossotidae
- Family Clavulariidae
- Coelogorgiidae Family
- Family Cornulariidae
- Pseudogorgiidae Family
- Tubiporidae family
- Unspecified
- Acanthoaxiidae Family
- Haimeidae family
- Family Viguieriotidae
Cladogram
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Dendronephthya klunzingeri in Borneo
Links
- Alcyonacea order in the World Register of Marine Species .
- M.-S. Jeng, H.-D. Huang, C.-F. Dai, Y.-C. Hsiao, Y. Benayahu. Sclerite calcification and reef-building in the fleshy octocoral genus Sinularia (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) // Coral Reefs. - December 2011. - No. 30 (4) . - S. 925-933 .
- Squad of Alcyonaria, or soft corals (Alcyonacea)