Orreo ( Spanish Hórreo ) is a type of granary in the north of the Iberian Peninsula . It is a structure raised above the ground with the help of columns ( pegollos in Asturian , esteos in Galician , abearriak in Basque ), ending with special stones ( vira-ratos or tornarratas in Galician , mueles in Asturian , zubiluzea in Basque ). Thus, protection against rodents and moisture was provided.
The name "orreo" comes from the Latin word horreum , meaning a warehouse or barn.
Geography
Although the structure of the orreo has always remained unchanged, the name, structure of the roof, pillars and stones, decorative elements may vary depending on the region. So, in Asturias , two types are distinguished - orru ( horriu or horru ) and panera ( panera ). Orru was a rectangular structure that was supported by four pillars - pegollos . In contrast, the pane had six or more pillars, as well as a hip roof (orru has a tent or gable roof).
In the territory of Galicia, depending on the region, Orreos are called differently: hórreo or hórrio , cabazo , cabozo , canasto , cabaceiro , and others. The length of the barns can reach several tens of meters. It is here that the Carnot Orreo, about 35 m long, and the Areño Orreo (about 37 m) are located [1] [2] . Supporting columns - esteos , near the ground rested against a stone tornaformigas , a small moat which prevented insects (ants) from entering. In Puenteseso , Carballo and other municipalities there are orreos with celeirós - the supporting columns were replaced by four walls, the room they formed was used as a pantry. Walls that did not create a closed interior space (for example, were only on two sides, or had arches) were called cepas . In Tui , Tominho and Taboada , one can meet orreos, one slope of the roof of which is supported by pillars [1] .
On the territory of Cantabria, Orreos resemble Asturian (Asturian type), representing a structure with a tent or gable roof, supported above the ground by four oak piles [3] . The local dialect was called horriu or hurriu . In the municipality of Herrerias is the only panera ( la panera de Cades ) [4] .
In the Basque Country , Orreos were called garaia ( gereixa , garaya ).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Estilos de Hórreos (Spanish) . horreosdegalicia.com. Date of appeal September 30, 2013.
- ↑ Hórreo do Araño (Spanish) . percorrendoarousanorte.wordpress.com. Date of appeal September 30, 2013.
- ↑ Los hórreos del Concejo de Espinama (Spanish) . espinama.es. Date of treatment October 1, 2013.
- ↑ Ferrería de Cades y Casona de Rubín de Celis (Spanish) (link not available) . cantabriajoven.com. Date of treatment October 1, 2013. Archived January 27, 2008.
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has Orreo- related media files