Una ( Egyptian Wnj ) is an ancient Egyptian nobleman who served in the era of the VI dynasty of the Old Kingdom (c. 2400-2250 BC) [1] under the pharaohs of Aunt , Piopi I and Merenra I [2] .
| Una | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Wnj | ||||
 Autobiography of Una from Abydos . Egyptian Museum, Cairo | ||||
| Birth | ||||
| Death | ||||
| Burial place | mastaba in Abydos | |||
| Father | Yuu | |||
| Children | sons: Una Jr., Yuu; daughter mesenet | |||
| Activity | nomarch of Upper Egypt, judge, chat | |||
| Military service | ||||
| Rank | warlord of the royal troops | |||
| Battles | against the sand people (ḥr.jw-šˁ) | |||
Biography
Born under the pharaoh Unis in the influential family of the vizier Yuu [3] .
He began his court career under Aunt - he was a financial officer and a royal forester. With the coming to power of Piopi I as a judge, he investigated the plot against Pharaoh, in whose organization one of the wives of Piopi was accused - Queen Veret-Imtes [4] [5] .
At the same time, Una was making a successful military career. His skills and talent in military art not only made him the commander of the entire Egyptian army, he also received the right to personally lead the battles - a privilege usually available only to the pharaoh. He reorganized the army, and some of his reforms survived until the era of the New Kingdom . He was the first to recruit Nubians into the army, create archery units, strengthen discipline in order to stop the uncontrolled looting of the conquered territories.
In his autobiography, Mejai was first mentioned [6] .
Later, under Pharaoh Merenra I was appointed ruler of Upper Egypt . Among other things, it is known that Merenra sent Una to the granite quarries in the Ibhat region (above the second rapids) in order to mine a sarcophagus and a beautiful lining for his pyramid. Then Merenra instructed Una to establish continuous water communication with granite quarries, bypassing the first rapids, which he completed through five channels.
Tomb
Mastaba Una (30 x 30 m) in the necropolis of Abydos was first discovered in 1860 by Auguste Mariet . She was later rediscovered by American archaeologist Janet Richards in 1999. In addition to the masta Una, she also dug up the tomb of his father - the vizier Yuu [7] . In the north-eastern part of the tomb of Una, Serdab is organized. On one of the walls of the tomb, his "autobiography" is stamped out with hieroglyphs - an example of historical and literary value, is considered the longest document of antiquity. Today exhibited at the Cairo Museum (CG1435) [8] .
Notes
- ↑ Migration: A World History. Fisher, Michael H .. - New Oxford World History. - OUP USA, 2014 .-- S. 17 .-- 149 p. - ISBN 0199764336 .
- ↑ ESBE / Una, an ancient Egyptian figure - Wikisource . ru.wikisource.org. The appeal date is April 5, 2019.
- ↑ Peter Der Manuelian, Thomas Schneider. Towards a New History for the Egyptian Old Kingdom: Perspectives on the Pyramid Age. - BRILL, 2015 .-- S. 10 .-- 540 s. - ISBN 9004301895 .
- ↑ Lacovara, Peter. The World of Ancient Egypt: A Daily Life Encyclopedia. - A Daily Life Encyclopedia. - ABC-CLIO, 2016 .-- S. 306. - 585 p. - ISBN 1610692306 .
- ↑ Kanawati, Naguib. Conspiracies in the Egyptian Palace: Unis to Pepy I. - Routledge, 2003 .-- 224 p. - ISBN 1134488424 .
- ↑ Breasted, JH 1 // Ancient Records of Egypt. - Chicago, 1906.
- ↑ Bard, Kathryn A. An Introduction to the Archeology of Ancient Egypt. - John Wiley & Sons, 2015 .-- S. 173. - 480 p. - ISBN 1118896033 .
- ↑ Strudwick, Nigel. Texts from the Pyramid Age. - Society of Biblical Lit, 2005 .-- S. 352. - 522 p. - ISBN 1589831381 .
Literature
- Janet E. Richards: Text and Context in late Old Kingdom Egypt: The Archeology and Historiography of Weni the Elder, in: Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, Nr. 39 S. 75 - 102 Boston 2004 ISSN 0065-9991
- Christoph H. Reintges: De autobiografische Inscriptie van Weni In: Mededelingen en verhandelingen van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Genootschap "Ex Oriente Lux" Nr. 33 S. 44 - 56 Leiden / Leuven 2003 ISBN 90-429-1346-0
- K. van Dam: De Autobiografie van Weni, in: De ibis Nr. 18 S. 137–145. Amsterdam, 1993
- Christopher Eyre
Links
- Autobiography of the lord of Una, 6th royal house . The appeal date is December 31, 2013