Manners-Sutton, Charles

Origin

Born February 14, 1755 under the name of Charles Manners. The fourth son of Lord (1723–1783) and his wife Diana (died 1767), daughter of Thomas Chaplin Blanknie of Lincolnshire ; grandson of , third . In 1762, Charles’s father adopted Sutton’s second family name in connection with the inheritance of his maternal grandfather’s estate, , and the second .

Early years

He studied at the Charterhouse school, in 1773 he was enrolled at in Cambridge , in 1777 he received a bachelor of arts degree (BA), in 1780 - master of arts (MA), in 1792 - doctor of theology (DD).

In 1791 he became dean of Peterborough Cathedral , in 1792 - . In 1794, while remaining a bishop, he became Dean of Windsor (that is, the rector of the at Windsor Castle ) on a temporary basis ( ), which testified to his influence at court ^[1] . In 1803, during the period of the threat of the French landing on the British Isles , Manners-Sutton recommended the clergy of his diocese to bring to the minds of the poor the danger that he personally represents a foreign invasion, but at the same time he warned the priests against joining the militia and the defense corps. In the same period, he fell into a difficult financial situation and was criticized for his extravagant lifestyle.

Archbishop of Canterbury

In 1805, Archbishop Moore of Canterbury died, and King George III personally received from Prime Minister William Pitt an appointment to the vacant department of Manners-Sutton, although Pitt favored ^[2] .

In the new position, Manners-Sutton found himself tied to the activities of such a remarkable institution of “high church” as ^[3] , the influence of which he used to support the existing church charities and create new ones. was reorganized, and in 1811 the was founded, and Manners-Sutton himself was in his leadership. The Archbishop also often chaired meetings of the Incorporated Church Building Society and contributed to the revival of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel . The active participant of the Phalanx of Hockney became the first Anglican bishop in India, having received the Calcutta .

Since 1809, the Archbishop was engaged in the financing of the church, actively working in the House of Lords . In 1818, he participated in the through parliament, according to which lawmakers allocated from the state budget £ 1 million for the construction of Anglican churches. The distribution of these funds was carried out by a specially created commission (Manners-Sutton unsuccessfully tried to achieve a regulation on the formation of this commission mainly from priests).

The archbishop paid much attention to supporting higher education. He donated £ 1,000 to King’s College in London and persuaded King George IV to give him exactly this name ^[4] . Manners-Sutton also used his influence in the interests of the establishment of St. David ’s in ( Wales , 1822) and in Halifax ( Nova Scotia , Canada).

In 1814, Manners-Sutton was appointed head of the German Relief Fund, who was in charge of distributing £ 100,000 allocated by parliament to assist the German states that had experienced serious economic difficulties in the last year of the Napoleonic wars . In 1816, the Archbishop participated in an unsuccessful attempt to revive the Association of Assistance to Poor Artisans and Workers, established in 1812, and for some time showed sympathy for the ideas of Robert Owen , who intended to defeat poverty through resettlement of those in need in cooperative communities ^[5] .

Manners-Sutton, in collaboration with the William Hawley and prominent worldly activist in the high church, made a meritocratic revolution in the Anglican church, promoting the promotion of talented young clerics of civilized origin. The Archbishop was an active member of the George III Health Observation Council, supported the bill of permission for the divorce of George IV, opposed , but supported the abolition of oaths .

Archbishop Manners-Sutton also paid much attention to the management of the property of the Canterbury Department. In 1808, he acquired as a country residence of the archbishops, instead of the palace in Croydon , sold in 1780.

Manners-Sutton published two sermons in 1794 and 1797 and an appeal to the clergy of the in 1803. In addition, he described five types of broomrape and published this work in the Transactions of the London Linnean Society ( Transactions of the Linnean Society of London , 1797).

He died on July 21, 1828 in the Lambeth Palace and was buried on July 29 in the Eddington Parish Church.

Family

In 1778, Charles married Mary Toroton, the daughter of Thomas Toroton of ( Nottinghamshire ). The couple had two sons and ten daughters. One of his sons, , became a prominent figure in Tory , a British House of Commons in 1817-1835.

• Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review . - 1828. - Vol. 98, part 2.
• Podmore C. Aspects of Anglican Identity . - Church House Publishing, 2005. - 196 p. - ISBN 9780715140741 .
• Soloway RA Prelates and People: Ecclesiastical Social Thought in England, 1783-1852. - R. Routledge & K. Paul, 1969. - 464 p. - ISBN 9780710063311 .

Recommended literature

• E. Churton, ed., Memoir of Joshua Watson, 2 vols. (1861)
• EA Varley, The Last Bishop of the Early 9th Century (1992)
• C. Dewey, The passing of Barchester (1991)
• MH Port, a hundred hundred churches: a study of the church building commission, 1818-1856, and its church building activities (1961)
• HJ Burgess, Enterprise in education (1958)
• AW Rowden, The primates of the four Georges (1916)
• The diary of a country parson: The Reverend James Woodforde, ed. J. Beresford, 3-4 (1927-1929)
• P. Collinson and others, eds., A history of Canterbury Cathedral, 598—1982 (1995)
• C. Manners-Sutton, Ana to address the clergy of the diocese of Norwich (1803)

• WM Jacob. Charles Manners-Sutton (English) (inaccessible link - history ) . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.