Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Girs ( 1913 - 1983 ) - Soviet climate scientist , doctor of geographical sciences , professor, honored worker of science of the RSFSR .
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Born on August 18, 1913 in the village of Zaborje, Vitebsk Region [ clarify ] .
After graduating from the Faculty of Physics at the University of Leningrad in 1939, he worked at the Arctic Research Institute (ANII).
During the Great Patriotic War, in the summer and autumn of 1941, he was in defense work in Leningrad; In 1943, he graduated from graduate school and was sent to the Arctic, where he was engaged in the scientific and operational hydrometeorological support of sea and air operations along the Northern Sea Route .
He studied the vertical structure of the Arctic atmosphere and prepared two important works for polar explorers: "The vertical structure of the atmosphere in the western region of the Soviet Arctic and its seasonal variations" and "Guidelines for the production and processing of upper-air observations at polar stations". In 1945 he defended his thesis, and in 1949 - his doctoral thesis on the topic “Vertical structure, formation and transformation of the main types of atmospheric circulation”; In 1951 he received the title of professor.
In 1956–1982, A. A. Girs headed the department of long-term meteorological forecasts of the ANII. He created the school of the macro-circulation method of long-term weather forecasts; during the period from 1891 to 1969, he singled out five synoptic long-term cycles, the duration of each of which was from 8 to 20 years; regarding the influence of solar activity on planetary processes, he pointed out that the atmosphere develops mainly without the participation of external disturbing factors, but solar flares increase meridional transfers, but lead to the formation of a cycle of meridional circulation forms. In 1960 he published the book "The Basics of Long-Term Weather Forecasts" (L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1960. - 560 p.); in 1974 - “Macrocirculation method of long-term meteorological forecasts” (L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1974. - 488 p.). The results of long-term monitoring of atmospheric circulation, covering the period from 1891, are used in modern studies: a classification of atmospheric macroprocesses by G. Ya. Wangenheim-A is used to analyze climatic variability of atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere. A. Girsa; and one of his best students, Aleksey Ivanovich Savichev, created a unique analogue method of long-term weather forecasts, which has been successfully used today.
A. A. Girs was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor , two orders "Badge of Honor" , the medal "For Labor Valor", signs "Honorary Polar Explorer", "Excellence in the Hydrometeorological Service of the USSR".
He died on April 30, 1983 .