Prince Vasily Alekseevich Urusov (c. 1690 [1] - 1741 ) - Russian lieutenant general , rear admiral from the Urusov clan. Member of the creation of the Caspian Flotilla . In 1739–41, commanding the Orenburg expedition , he brutally crushed the Bashkir uprising .
| Vasily Alekseevich Urusov | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| A country | |
| Occupation | |
| Children | |
- For his grandson, see Urusov, Vasily Alekseevich (Major General)
Content
Origin
By birth, he belonged to the boyar circles, pushed from the first positions at the court by the Petrine reforms. Born in the family of the stolnik Aleksei Nikitich Urusov and his wife Vasilisa Petrovna, daughter of a deceit, P. A. Dolgorukov . Great-grandson of the boyar F.S. Urusov , great-grandson of the governor Semyon Urusov . The elder brother is Grigory Urusov , commandant of the Peter and Paul Fortress .
Life and Service
In 1708 he was sent with other young nobles for an internship in the United Provinces , from where he went to warships in Portugal and Arkhangelsk . “For the scarcity of ships in Amsterdam” in 1713 he moved to Copenhagen , where he entered the service of the Danish Royal Navy.
After returning to Russia (January 1716), he was sent with Lieutenant Kozhin to the eastern shores of the Caspian Sea to draw up a map of this region, poorly known to the Russians. In 1719 he was engaged in the construction of ships in Kazan , on which he then rafted down the Volga to Astrakhan . In 1722 he observed in the same Astrakhan the construction of ships with which he took part in the Persian campaign , including the blockade of Derbent and Baku .
After the death of Peter I, Prince Urusov headed the Astrakhan port. In 1729, he filed a petition for transfer to the Baltic Fleet , which was respected. In 1730 he was in the Moscow Admiralty Office , first as an adviser, then as a director (with the rank of rear admiral ). After joining the throne, Anna Ioannovna was appointed to manage the Naval Academy and schools.
In 1739, Urusov was replaced by V.N. Tatishchev as chief commander of the Orenburg Commission (with the rank of lieutenant general). He conducted an inspection of the egg fortresses laid down by Tatishchev. The government instructed Urusov to accept the Middle Zhuz into Russian citizenship, and “build the city of Orenburg on Red Mountain”, which was laid at the mouth of the Ori river. Took in the Orsk fortress of the Kazakh khans Ablai and Abdul-Mahmet .
The main event of Urusov in the Southern Urals was the "complete ending of the former Bashkir confusions." In the spring of 1740, during negotiations with the leaders of the rebels, he arrested the Bashkir elders Aldar , Seitbay Alkalin and Emmetya Bikeev. They were sent by Urusov for trial and punishment to Menzelinsk to the head of the Bashkir commission L. Ya. Soimonov . The Bashkir uprising was brutally suppressed: on August 15, 1740 near Orenburg, 122 participants in the uprising were publicly executed and executed, and on September 17 of the same year in the Sakmarsky town - 170 people, ears and noses were cut off from 301. Wives and children of the executed were forcibly baptized and given to serfdom for officers and soldiers [2] .
He also dealt with Kalmyk issues (“the return of the Kalmyk ruler Bai, who escaped from Khan Donduk-Omba with his daughter”). Under him, the Tatar-Kalmyk school continued to compile a vocabulary and translate books from Eastern languages.
Prince Urusov died in Samara from scurvy on July 22, 1741 and was buried in the refectory of the Kazan Cathedral . Almost at the same time, Orenburg was laid down for the second time on Red Mountain (now the village of Krasnogor is in this place).
Family
Prince Urusov was married twice: from 1708 - on Praskovye Mikhailovna Sobakina (d. 1714), daughter of a steward; second marriage in 1716 - at Princess Praskovye Petrovna Dolgoruka , granddaughter of the boyar M. Yu. Dolgorukov . After the death of her husband, she returned from Samara to Moscow, accompanied by the Bashkir Bigilich, who settled in her house under the name Elisha. The last mention of her dates back to 1761, when she sold her yard in Moscow to Prince A. A. Prozorovsky. The family of Vasily Alekseevich and Praskovya Petrovna was large (6 sons and 3 daughters), but very poor:
- Michael (d. 1795) - lieutenant colonel; he has sons Alexander and Vladimir .
- Sergey (1721-1755) - second lieutenant.
- Alexey (1722-1796) - colonel; married to the youngest daughter of Count B.P. Sheremetev .
- Praskovya (d. 1793) is a damsel.
- Fedor (1727-1793) - lieutenant, chairman of the Arkhangelsk criminal chamber.
- Alexander (1729-1813) - major general.
- Anna (1731-1819) - the wife of Corporal F.V. Zinoviev.
- Peter (1733-1813) - Moscow provincial prosecutor, founder of the Petrovsky Theater , his son Alexander .
- Irina (1734 - after 1756) - a girl in 1756.
Notes
- ↑ Noble clans of the Russian Empire. Volume 3. Princes. - S. 117, 119.
- ↑ Urusov, Vasily Alekseevich // Bashkir Encyclopedia / ed. M.A. Ilgamov. - Ufa: GAUN “ Bashkir Encyclopedia ”, 2015—2019. - ISBN 978-5-88185-306-8 .
Literature
- Semenov V.G., Semenova V.P. Governors of the Orenburg Territory . - Orenburg Book Publishing House, 1999. - S. 36–42.