Teeth of wisdom - the 8th tooth in a row (colloquial name is "eight" ), the third molar (there are 12 in total), usually cut out at the age of 14-25 years [1] (sometimes later, less often earlier, sometimes not cut out - remain retined ) . Incomplete erupted teeth are called “semi-refined” . A person’s wisdom teeth are not laid in the prenatal period of development (in the womb), like others, but at the age of 4-5 years. Their absence is considered in dentistry as a variant of the norm, and not a pathology.
Currently, it is customary to believe that the third molar is a rudimentary organ due to changes in the diet (reduced consumption of solid and hard foods). In support of this, there has recently been an increase in cases of the absence of the rudiment of this tooth - the primary adentia of the third molar. This is also evidenced by dystopia, retention and, often, non-physiological form of the crown and roots of this tooth.
It is believed that wisdom teeth are called so because they appear much later than other teeth, at an age when the mental development of a person is considered perfect, and the development of human wisdom begins.
During the cutting of the lower wisdom teeth, when only a part of the tooth is visible, purulent inflammation often occurs in the formed pocket (“hood”) between the gum and the tooth - pericoronitis . For the treatment of pericoronitis, excision of the overhanging gums is recommended. If pericoronitis often recurs, then removal of the wisdom tooth is indicated.
It often happens that wisdom teeth due to lack of space in the jaw arch can erupt incorrectly and take a non-physiological position. Third molars, especially the upper ones, can cut into the buccal side and injure the mucous membrane of the cheek. It is also possible the eruption of the lower wisdom teeth with an inclination towards the adjacent tooth. Because of this, food enters the gap formed between the second and third molars. Due to the impossibility of adequate hygienic treatment of this area, caries of the adjacent tooth, increased deposits of hard ( tartar ) and soft plaque, gingivitis or pericoronitis are possible . Teeth with such pathologies are usually removed. [one]
Under normal eruption and physiological form, wisdom teeth can be used when prosthetics as a supporting tooth for a bridge or to fix a clasp or attachment on it in removable prosthetics.
Rarely (more often in representatives of the australoid race ) there are additional, fourth molars [2] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Wisdom Teeth . American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. - "This generally occurs between the ages of 14 and 25." Date of treatment September 28, 2010. Archived on February 20, 2012.
- ↑ S.V. Drobyshevsky. Features of the Tasmanians . Anthropogenesis. RU. Date of treatment September 17, 2014.
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