Kaznakov, Alexander Nikolaevich

Born in the family of a hereditary nobleman of the Tver province, General Nikolai Gennadevich Kaznakov . From 1880 he was brought up in the Page Corps and on August 10, 1890 he was promoted from corps to the cavalry of the Cavalier Guard regiment , where he taught horseback riding. According to his recollections, he “explained ... without any scream and noise. In the arena, the whistle and slamming of the whip was never heard ... Outwardly, he was not polite, but his kindness was felt in everything ” ^[2] .

In 1892 he was sent to the Ust-Izhora camp for training in sapper business. He participated in races : in March 1894, together with K. Mannerheim , who headed the cavalry guards and standard bearers, he won the first prize in pair competitions - from then on their friendship began. From April 9, 1894 to November 16, 1895 he was in charge of the regiment’s weapons.

In 1894 he was promoted to lieutenant. From November 16, 1895 to August 24, 1896 he was on a business trip in China and Japan. From October 24, 1896 to March 20, 1897 he was the head of the regiment telegraph station.

From April to October 1897 he was on an expedition of the Russian Imperial Geographical Society in Bukhara and the Pamir Khanates; from April 13, 1899 - on the Mongol- Tibetan expedition of P. K. Kozlov (topographer ^[3] ). For participation in this expedition in 1902 he received the Order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree, as well as a gold medal to them. P.P. Semenov IV degree - from the Geographical Society. In the period between expeditions he was the clerk of the regimental court (from November 12, 1897 to July 9, 1898) and the head of the non-combat team (from April 28, 1898 to March 24, 1899). In 1900 he was promoted to headquarters captain; On April 24, 1902 he was appointed to the command of the chief of the main headquarters, enlisted in the Guards Cavalry, and on August 10 he was promoted to captain.

In 1903, by the election of the Academy of Sciences, he was appointed (from September 4) the acting director of the Caucasus Museum and the Tiflis Public Library. In January 1909, after the publication of Kaznakov’s monograph “My Travels in Mongolia and Kama ”, he was promoted to colonel and approved as director. “As the director of the museum, he equipped expeditions to various little-explored corners of the Caucasus, and these studies yielded good results” ^[4] . Kaznakov divided the museum’s collections into exhibition collections — open to the public and stock — closed to visitors, but accessible to researchers; with stock collections, he founded special departments of the Tiflis Public Library: “The Caucasian Museum Library” and “Special Archaeological Library”. The Imperial Russian Archaeological Society “having heard at a meeting on March 17, 1912 the report of the Hermitage’s senior curator Y. I. Smirnov :“ The Akhalgori treasure of the Tiflis Museum ”, unanimously decided to express deep gratitude to the director of the Tiflis Museum A. N. Kaznakov and his employee E. S. Takayshvili for their zealous and fruitful work on the collection and ordering of the items that make up the treasure ” ^[5] .

Under Kaznakov, the collection of clothing and household items of the Caucasian peoples grew significantly; the creation of the new building of the Caucasian Museum began, interrupted by the war : on August 26, 1914 he was transferred to the 2nd Gorsko-Mozdok Regiment of the Terek Cossack Army ; On October 23, 1914, he was wounded and declared unsuitable for military field service with admission to the reserve ranks of the headquarters of the military governor-general of Galicia; On August 8, 1915, he was appointed acting translator at the intelligence department of the headquarters of the Southwestern Front; On February 10, 1916 he was transferred to the disposal of the Commander-in-Chief of the Caucasian Army to directly direct the practical activities of the museum and from March 13, 1916 he returned to the leadership of the museum. In January 1915 he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir of the 3rd degree, and on May 14, 1915 he received swords for the Order of St. Vladimir of the 3rd degree. From March 14, 1916, he was in the reserve of ranks at the headquarters of the Caucasian military district.

After the abdication of Nicholas II , on March 20, 1917, A. N. Kaznakov wrote a report on his retirement from the museum and, together with the Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich, left for Mogilev ; On May 9, 1917, he was seconded to the headquarters of the army of the Southwestern Front; June 3, 1917 - to the Office of the Quartermaster General of the Headquarters of the Commander-in-Chief of the South-Western Front; since August 5, 1917 he is a freelance translator of the intelligence department of the front headquarters; in November 1917, the mobile medical commission at the Berdichevsky garrison was declared unfit for service, on December 30, 1917 he returned to Tiflis and on January 30, 1918 he wrote a report on dismissal due to illness "caused by wounds, with the production of the next rank of major general, with a uniform and pension. " In 1919, he was still in Transcaucasia, and then emigrated to France, lived in Paris ^[6] .

He earned carving art souvenirs from stone ^[1] . He died on February 19, 1933 in Paris: he was found stiff on the metro stairs.

He was buried in the cemetery of Saint-Genevieve-des-Bois .

Wife: Varvara Karlovna (11/06/1874 ^{[7] -} 12/18/1937 ^[8] ). The daughter of Baron Karl Petrovich Ikskul was first married to the elder brother of Alexander Nikolayevich Kaznakov, Nikolai Kaznakov , after a divorce from which (until 1908) she married her younger brother ^[7] .

• 1902 - Order of St. Vladimir , 4th art. for participation in the Mongol-Tibetan expedition of P.K. Kozlov.
• January 1915 - Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd century;
• May 14, 1915 - swords for the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd art.
• April 8, 1916 - Order of St. Anne , 2nd art. with swords;
• April 8, 1916 - Order of St. Stanislav , 2nd art. with swords.

• Caucasian viper Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky , 1909.
• Ptychobarbus kaznakovi Nikolskii , 1903, variant of Diptychus kaznakovi
• Fish from the cyprinids Gyrinocheilus kaznakovi Berg , 1906 is regarded as the youngest synonym for the Siamese gyrinocheyl Gyrinocheilus aymonieri (Tirant, 1883)
• Beetle of lamellar Cnemisus kaznakovi Semenov , 1903 - from Alashani
• Ground beetle Carabus (Eocechenus) kaznakovi Semenov & Znojko, 1932
• Ground beetle from the genus Cychrus Cychrus kaznakovi Semenov & Znoiko, 1934
• Firefly beetle Lampyris (Bactrolychnia) kaznakovi Kazantsev, 2010 ^[9]
• Beetle Eodorcadion kaznakovi (Suvorov, 1912)
• Flea Callopsylla kaznakovi (Wagner, 1928)
• Kaznakova’s earhook Forficula kaznakovi (Semenov, 1903) new combination of Guanchia kaznakovi
• False scorpion Bisetocreagris kaznakovi (Redikorzev, 1918)
• Phalanx from the family. Karschiidae Karschia kaznakovi Birula , 1922
• Earthworm Perelia kaznakovi (Michaelsen, 1910)

• Cavalry Guard Biography Collection
• Lipschitz S. Yu. Russian botanists: a biographical and bibliographic dictionary. - T. 4. - P. 23

• Melkadze N. The indefatigable figure of the "Caucasian Museum"
• Kaznakov, Alexander Nikolaevich (neopr.) . // Project "Russian Army in the Great War".