Clever Geek Handbook
📜 ⬆️ ⬇️

Havana Brown

Havana Brown (née Angelique Meunier; born February 14, 1985 [1] ) is an Australian singer, dancer and DJ. In 2008, Brown signed a contract with Island Records Australia and worked there as a DJ. Working in this record company, she released a collection of “Crave”, which contained remixes of songs by other artists. This allowed her to participate in tours with such performers as Britney Spears , Rihanna , Pussycat Dolls , Chris Brown and Enrique Iglesias [2] .

Havana Brown
Havana brown
Havana Brown - Cosmo Fun Fearless Female Awards.jpg
basic information
Birth nameAngelique Meunier
Full nameAngelique Meunier
Date of BirthFebruary 14, 1985 ( 1985-02-14 ) (34 years)
Place of BirthMelbourne , Australia
A country Australia
Professions
DJ , singer , dancer
Years of activity2008 - to the present
Instruments
Genresdance pop , synth pop
AliasesHavana Brown
LabelsIsland
Universal Republic , 2101 (US)
djhavanabrown.com.au

Havana Brown made her debut in 2011 with the song " We Run the Night ", which took fifth place in the Australian ARIA Charts and was awarded the platinum disc from the Australian Recording Companies Association three times. This single brought Brown two nominations for the ARIA Music Awards : Breakthrough of the Year and Best-Selling Single. After this success, Brown signed a deal with the American record label Universal Republic , thanks to Swedish producer RedOne and his 2101 Records label [3] . Remix "We Run the Night", performed in conjunction with Pitbull , was released in the United States under the production of RedOne. The song took first place in Hot Dance Club Songs and 26 on the Billboard Hot 100 . This remix was also included in the mini-album " When the Lights Go Out ", which was released in July 2012 .

Content

Life and career

Early life and early career

Havana Brown was born in Australia , in the city of Melbourne , in a family that arrived from Rodrigues Island [4] . Before she became a DJ, Brown signed a contract with the British band Fishbowl and a record label. [5] They were ready to release their first single under the British label, but the band broke up, and Brown began to practice DJing [5] [6] . Then she began to speak throughout Melbourne , as well as Lou Lou's, and later throughout Australia [7] .

2008–2009: Crave and Tours

In 2008, Havana Brown signed a contract with Island Records Australia , after which the boss of this record company asked her if she was interested in creating a compilation [6] [8] . She was already engaged in the release of her compilation under the label Island Records Australia. In October 2008, she participated in the concert tour “ Good Girl Gone Bad Tour ”, which was organized in support of Rihanna’s third studio album [5] , and in May 2009 at the Doll Domination Tour , conducted by the Pussycat Dolls group [9] . In both rounds, Brown participated only in Australia. She also supported Britney Spears during the Circus Tour European Tour [10] . She also supported Britney in Australia in November 2009. [11]

Since December 2009, Brown every Saturday night led the radio show "Party People", which is broadcast to the whole of Australia through the Today Network [12] .

2011–2013: debut and international recognition

 
Brown performs a song on B96 Summerbash in Chicago on June 16, 2012 .

In April 2011, Brown participated in the Australian tour of Chris Brown FAME Tour [13] . April 29, 2011 Havana released her debut single "We Run the Night", which was written and produced by Cassie Davis (Cassie Davis) and Snob Scrilla by the duo "More Mega" [14] . The song took the fifth place in the ARIA Charts [15] and was awarded a platinum disc from the Australian Recording Companies Association three times for selling 210,000 copies [16] . On September 4, 2011, Brown told The Australian Daily Telegraph that she signed a contract with American label Universal Republic Records , thanks to 2101 Records owned by Swedish producer RedOne [17] . The official remix “We Run the Night”, which was modified by RedOne and supplemented by rap Pitbull , was released in the United States on September 27, 2011 [18] . This remix took the first line in the American charts " Hot Dance Club Songs ". Brown's second single , “Get it,” was released on September 9, 2011 [19] and took 38th place in the ARIA Chart [15] . On April 20, 2012, Havana released a copy of the title “City of Darkness” [20] .

The debut of her mini-album “When the Lights Go Out” took place on July 17, 2012 [21] . The Australian version of this mini-album included five new songs, while in the American version there was also a remix from RedOne "We Run the Night" [22] . July 18, 2012 she was invited to the TV show " In America, there are talents " [23] . In August 2012, Havana Brown along with Timomatic and Taio Cruise participated in the Australian Pitbull tour on the Planet Pit World Tour [24] . Brown represented Australia at the first Asia-Pacific Song TV Festival , which was held at the KBS Concert Hall in Seoul - the capital of South Korea , October 14, 2012 [25] [26] . In the summer of 2013, the singer recorded a joint single "Turn It Up" with the "independent king" of Japanese hip-hop music - AK-69.

2013: Flashing Lights

On October 11, the debut of Brown's studio album Flashing Lights, which finished sixth on the ARIA Charts , took place [27] . Brown collaborated with RedOne , R3hab , Cassie Davies , Snob Scrilla and Afrojack to create the album. The album also contains early-released tracks, including “ We Run the Night ”, “ Big Banana ” and “ You'll Be Mine ”. The album was in the process of being created back in 2011 , when the song We Run the Night was released, which sold more than a million copies in the United States and participated in charts around the world. In 2012 and 2013, Brown worked on an album in the USA. The main single "Flashing Lights" was released on August 23, 2013 and took 68th place on the ARIA Singles Chart [28] . Flashing Lights won first place at Hot Dance Club Songs : for the third time for Havana. The second single, “Warrior,” was released on September 27, 2013, initially taking 32nd place and then 11. Havana Brown received a platinum CD for this single, which was sold to more than 70,000 copies. On October 14, Brown sang Warrior on the Australian musical reality show The X Factor [29] .

Impact

Havana Brown said that Janet Jackson had a strong influence on her. Brown said: “She is my idol, and I want to be Janet Jackson! But DJ Slash-Janet Jackson. I want to get an opportunity to have a great performance: I want dancers, I want fireworks, I want all this! ” [30] .

Discography

Collections

TitleAlbum informationPosition in the chartCertification
AUS
[31]
Crave
  • Released - November 1, 2008 [32]
  • Label - Island
  • Formats - CD , Digital Distribution
9
Crave vol.2
  • Released - June 12, 2009 [33]
  • Label - Island
  • Formats - CD, digital distribution
four
Crave vol.3
  • Released - October 30, 2009 [34]
  • Label - Island
  • Formats - CD, digital distribution
7
Crave vol.4
  • Released - June 4, 2010 [35]
  • Label - Island
  • Formats - CD, digital distribution
2
Crave vol.5
  • Released - October 29, 2010 [36]
  • Label - Island
  • Formats - CD, digital distribution
2
  • ARIA : Gold Disc [37]
Crave vol.6
  • Released - October 28, 2011 [38]
  • Label - Island
  • Formats - CD, digital distribution
3
  • ARIA: Gold Disc [39]
Crave: The Club Edition
  • Released - May 25, 2012 [40]
  • Label - Island
  • Formats - CD, digital distribution
6
Crave vol.7
  • It was released on October 26, 2012 [41]
  • Label - Island
  • Formats - CD, digital distribution
3
Crave: The Club Edition Vol.2
  • Released - June 7, 2013 [42]
  • Label - Island
  • Formats - CD, digital distribution
five

Mini Albums

TitleAlbum informationPosition in the chartCertification
AUS
[15]
US
Heat
[43]
When the Lights Go Out
  • It was released - July 17, 2012 [44]
  • Labels - Island, Universal Republic
  • Formats - CD, digital distribution
sixteen50
  • ARIA: Platinum Disk [16]

Singles

TitleYearChartsCertificationAlbum
AUS
[45]
BEL
(WAL)
[46]
CAN
[47]
CZH
[48]
Fra
[49]
NOR
[50]
Nz
[51]
Svk
[52]
US
[53]
US
Dance
[54]
" We Run the Night "
(featuring Pitbull )
2011five4548533717fivesixteen26one
  • ARIA - 3 platinum disks [55]
  • RIANZ - Platinum Disk [56]
  • RIAA - Platinum Disk [57]
When the Lights Go Out
" Get It "38---------single album
"You'll be Mine"
(shared with R3hab )
2012----------When the Lights Go Out
" Big Banana "
(with R3hab and Prophet of 7Lions)
18--------one
  • ARIA - Platinum Disk [58]
"Spread a Little Love"2013----------
Flashing Lights----------

Featured Singles

TitleYearAlbum
"Chasing Shadows" [59]
(Jamie Drastic with Pitbull and Havana Brown)
2013single album

Promo Signs

TitleYearAlbum
"City of Darkness" [60]2012Out-of-album single

Clips

TitleYearDirector (s)
"We Run the Night"2011Bann Jay (Benn Jae), Tony Prescott [61]
"Get It"Ryan Pallotta [62]
"We Run the Night" (with Pitbull )2012Ryan Pallotta, Ray Kay [63]
"You'll be Mine"Anna Mastro [64]
“Big Banana” (with R3hab and Prophet of 7Lions)2013Einar Egilsson [65]
"Spread a Little Love"Einar Egilsson [66]

Awards and nominations

YearType ofAwardResult
2011ARIA Music Awards [67]Breakthrough of the Year - Single ("We Run the Night")Nomination
Best-selling single ("We Run the Night")Nomination
Poprepublic.tv IT List Awards [68] [69]Australia's top performerNomination
Best DJ of 2011Victory
Breakthrough 2011Victory
2012APRA Music Awards [70]Dance Project of the Year - “ We Run the Night ” (Cassie Davis, Sean Mullins)Nomination
ARIA Music Awards [71]Best Dance Release ( When the Lights Go Out )Nomination
Channel [V] Awards [72]Artist of the yearNomination
Poprepublic.tv IT List Awards [73] [74]Australia's top performerNomination
Best DJ of 2012Victory

Notes

  1. ↑ Havana Brown Feature on Radio 106.3FM Townsville (Neopr.) . 4RGT . Prime Media Group Limited . Released on April 28, 2012. (unavailable link)
  2. ↑ Thank You Sydney (Unsolved) . Enrique Iglesias Official Site. The appeal date is July 25, 2011.
  3. ↑ DJ HAVANA BROWN - "We Run the Night" (Unreferenced) (inaccessible link) . 2101 Records (January 30, 2012). The appeal date is April 19, 2012. Archived July 16, 2012.
  4. ↑ Private Interview with DJ Havana Brown http://aprivilegedlife.blogspot.co.uk/2010/02/private-interview-with-dj-havana-brown_4675.html
  5. ↑ 1 2 3 McRae, Ross Havana mixes it up (Unreferenced) . The West Australian . Seven West Media Limited (5 May 2011). The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  6. 2 1 2 Chan, Yeni Interview: Havana Brown (Unc.) . ' JuiceOnline.com' . Catcha Media Group (21 September 2010). The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  7. ↑ Interview: DJ Havana Brown (Undeclared) . ' BeautyandLace.com.au' . The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  8. ↑ Clarke, Layla Havana Brown release debut single 'We Run The Night' (Unidentified) . The AU Review (13 May 2011). The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  9. ↑ Duncan, Alasdair Pussycat Dolls / Lady Gaga / DJ Havana Brown (Undefeated) (not available link) . Rave magazine ' (May 26, 2009). The appeal date is May 15, 2011. Archived on August 7, 2011.
  10. Brit Havana Brown in a spin for Britney Spears as DJ (Unreferenced) (not available link) . Perth Now . The Sunday Times (6 July 2009). The appeal date is May 15, 2011. Archived April 11, 2012.
  11. ↑ DJ Havana Brown Defends Britney Spears' "Amazing" Circus Concerts (Unreferenced) (not available link) . The Hot Hits Live from LA . Mcm Media (12 November 2009). The appeal date is May 15, 2011. Archived July 21, 2011.
  12. ↑ DJ Havana Brown set to sizzle on a saturday night (Unreferenced) (inaccessible link) . ' GetMusic.com.au' . Universal Music Australia (4 December 2009). The appeal date is May 15, 2011. Archived on April 27, 2011.
  13. ↑ Barnett, Sophie Chris Brown's Aussie Tour! (Neopr.) MTV Australia . MTV Networks (January 19, 2011). The appeal date is January 24, 2011.
  14. ↑ Chartifacts - Week Commencing: 19th September 2011 (Neopr.) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). Archived September 20, 2011.
  15. ↑ 1 2 3 Discography Havana Brown (Undeclared) . ' Australian-charts.com' . Hung Medien. The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  16. ↑ 1 2 ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2012 Singles (Neopr.) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) (31 March 2012). The appeal date is February 11, 2012.
  17. ↑ Moran, Jonathan DJ Havana Brown gets it right abroad (Neopr.) . The Daily Telegraph . News Limited (September 4, 2011). The appeal date is October 2, 2011.
  18. ↑ We Run the Night (feat. Pitbull) - Single by Havana Brown (Neopr.) . iTunes Store (United States) . Apple The appeal date is April 3, 2012.
  19. ↑ Get It - Single (Australia) (Neopr.) . iTunes Store . Apple Inc .. Date of circulation September 20, 2011.
  20. ↑ City of Darkness - Single by Havana Brown (Neopr.) . iTunes Store . Apple The appeal date is April 26, 2012.
  21. ↑ iTunes - Music - When the Lights Go Out - EP by Havana Brown (Neopr.) . iTunes Store (Australia) . Apple The appeal date is July 18, 2012.
  22. ↑ iTunes - Music - When the Lights Go Out - EP by Havana Brown (Neopr.) . iTunes Store (United States) . Apple The appeal date is July 18, 2012.
  23. 'S America's Got Talent 2012 Season 7 Week 10 'Eliminations' Live Recap 7/18/12 ( Unopened ) . allieiswired.com. The appeal date is July 19, 2012.
  24. ↑ Pitbull Announces Australian Tour in August 2012 (Neopr.) (Not available link) . The Hot Hits Live from LA . MCM Entertainment Pty Ltd (21 May 2012). The appeal date is July 25, 2012. Archived April 20, 2013.
  25. ↑ ABU TV Song Festival 2012 Participants (Unsolved) . ESCKAZ.com. The appeal date is August 17, 2012.
  26. ↑ ABU TV Song Festival 2012 (Unsolved) (unavailable link) . Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union. The appeal date is August 17, 2012. Archived September 20, 2012.
  27. ↑ iTunes - Music - Flashing Lights by Havana Brown (Unc.) . iTunes Store. Apple The appeal date is December 29, 2013.
  28. Ashing Flashing Lights - Single by Havana Brown (Neopr.) . iTunes Store (Australia). Apple The appeal date is September 14, 2013.
  29. ↑ Havana Brown ready to light up Australia (Neopr.) . The Daily Telegraph. The appeal date is December 29, 2013.
  30. ↑ Lauren Alpe (June 13, 2011), Interview - Havana Brown , MTV News , < http://www.mtv.com.au/news/575712f9-havana-brown-interview/ > . Retrieved June 13, 2011.  
  31. ↑ Peak chart positions for ARIA Compilation Albums Chart :
    • Crave : The ARIA Report - Issue # 977 - November 17, 2008 (Neopr.) (PDF). National Library of Archives Australia (17 November 2008). The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
    • Crave Vol.2 : The ARIA Report - Issue # 1008 - 22 June 2009 (Neopr.) (PDF). National Library of Archives Australia (June 22, 2009). The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
    • Crave Vol.3 : The ARIA Report - Issue # 1031 - 30 November 2009 (Neopr.) (PDF). National Library of Archives Australia (30 November 2009). The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
    • Crave Vol.4 : The ARIA Report - Issue # 1059 - June 14, 2010 (Neopr.) (PDF). National Library of Archives Australia (14 June 2010). The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
    • Crave Vol.5 : Chartifacts - Week Commencing: 9th May 2011 (Undeclared) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). The appeal date is May 15, 2011. Archived May 15, 2011.
    • Crave Vol. 6 : Top 20 Compilations Chart (Unreferenced) (not available link) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). The appeal date was August 7, 2013. Archived November 27, 2011.
    • Crave: The Club Edition : Top 20 Compilations Chart (Unreferenced) (not available link) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). The appeal date was August 7, 2013. Archived November 27, 2011.
    • Crave Vol. 7 : ARIA Australian Top 20 Compilation Albums Chart - 4/11/2012 ( Undeclared ) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). The appeal date is November 4, 2012.
    • Crave: The Club Edition Vol.2 : ARIA Australian Top 20 Compilation Albums Chart - 17/6/2013 ( Unsolved ) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). Archived June 17, 2013.
  32. ↑ DJ Havana Brown: Discography: Crave (Unreferenced) (not available link) . Get Music Australia. The appeal date is May 15, 2011. Archived July 14, 2011.
  33. ↑ Crave Vol.2 - Mixed by DJ Havana Brown (Neopr.) . JB Hi-Fi . The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  34. ↑ Crave Vol.3 - Mixed by DJ Havana Brown (Neopr.) . JB Hi-Fi. The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  35. Ve Crave Vol.4 - Mixed by DJ Havana Brown (Australia) (Neopr.) . iTunes Store (Australia). Apple The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  36. ↑ Buy Crave; Vol 5 Various, Urban, CD (Undefeated) . Sanity . The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  37. ↑ ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2010 Albums (Neopr.) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) (31 December 2010). The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  38. ↑ Crave Vol. 6 - Mixed By DJ Havana Brown (Undeclared) . Jb Hi-Fi. The appeal date is October 29, 2011.
  39. ↑ Top 20 Compilations Chart (Unreferenced) (not available link) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) (31 December 2011). The appeal date is December 25, 2011. Archived November 27, 2011.
  40. ↑ iTunes - Music - Crave: Club Edition by Havana Brown (Unc.) . iTunes Store (Australia). Apple The appeal date is July 7, 2012.
  41. ↑ iTunes - Music - Crave, Vol. 7 by Havana Brown (Unsolved) . iTunes Store (Australia). Apple The appeal date is November 4, 2012.
  42. ↑ Buy Crave: Club Edition; V2 Mixed By DJ Havana Brown, Compilation, CD (Unopened) . Sanity. The appeal date is June 10, 2013.
  43. ↑ Havana Brown Album & Song Chart History: Heatseekers Albums (Unc.) . Billboard . Prometheus Global Media. The appeal date is August 5, 2012.
  44. ↑ iTunes - Music - When the Lights Go Out - EP by Havana Brown (Neopr.) . iTunes Store (Australia). Apple The appeal date is July 18, 2012.
  45. ↑ Discography Havana Brown (Unsolved) . Australian Charts Portal. Hung Medien. The appeal date is May 15, 2011.
  46. ↑ Discographie Havana Brown (Fr.) . Ultratop . Hung Medien. The appeal date is April 26, 2012.
  47. ↑ Havana Brown Album & Song Chart History: Canadian Hot 100 (Unidentified) . Billboard . Prometheus Global Media. The appeal date is November 5, 2012.
  48. ↑ Radio Top 100 Oficiálni: We Run the Night (Unopened) . International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI). The appeal date is November 5, 2012.
  49. ↑ Discographie Havana Brown (Fr.) . French Charts Portal. Hung Medien. The appeal date is November 5, 2012.
  50. ↑ Discography Havana Brown (Unsolved) . Norwegian Charts Portal. Hung Medien. The appeal date is July 7, 2012.
  51. ↑ Discography Havana Brown (Unsolved) . New Zealand Charts Portal. Hung Medien. The appeal date is March 13, 2012.
  52. ↑ Radio Top 100 Oficiálna: We Run the Night (Unopened) . International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI). The appeal date is March 30, 2012.
  53. ↑ Havana Brown Album & Song Chart History: Billboard Hot 100 (Unc.) . Billboard . Prometheus Global Media. The appeal date is November 5, 2012.
  54. ↑ Havana Brown Album & Song Chart History: Dance / Club Play Songs (Undeclared) . Billboard . Prometheus Global Media. The appeal date is November 5, 2012.
  55. ↑ ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2012 Singles (Neopr.) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). The appeal date is June 10, 2013.
  56. ↑ NZ Top 40 Singles Chart (Unreferenced) . Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ). Archived May 1, 2012.
  57. ↑ Gold & Platinum Searchable Database - We Run the Night (Unc.) . Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The appeal date is October 25, 2012.
  58. ↑ ARIA Australian Top 20 Dance Tracks (Neopr.) . ARIA Charts (10 June 2013). The appeal date is June 10, 2013.
  59. ↑ Chasing Shadows (feat. Havana Brown & Pitbull) - Single by Jamie Drastik ( Neopr .) . iTunes Store (Australia). Apple The appeal date is June 10, 2013.
  60. ↑ City of Darkness - Single by Havana Brown (Neopr.) . iTunes Store (Australia). Apple The appeal date is April 26, 2012.
  61. ↑ Havana Brown - We Run the Night [YouTube]. Retrieved April 26, 2012.
  62. Yan Ryan Pallotta's new video: Havana Brown 'Get It' (Undefeated) (not available link) . Raykay.com (September 29, 2011). The appeal date is April 26, 2012. Archived September 10, 2012.
  63. ↑ DJ Havana Brown Debut Single We Run The Night F / Pitbull Hits No. 1 on the US Dance Chart . Reuters (9 March 2012). The appeal date is April 26, 2012.
  64. ↑ Gottlieb, Steven In Production: Havana Brown - You'll Be Mine (Neopr.) . Video Static (August 16, 2012). The appeal date is September 21, 2012.
  65. ↑ Big Banana | DJ Havana Brown | Music Video (Unsolved) . MTV . Viacom . The appeal date is June 10, 2013.
  66. ↑ Spread a Little Love | DJ Havana Brown | Music Video (Unsolved) . MTV. Viacom. The appeal date is June 10, 2013.
  67. ↑ 2011 ARIA Nominations Announced - Full List Here! (Unsolved) (inaccessible link) . Take 40 Australia. Mcm Entertainment (12 October 2011). The appeal date is October 15, 2011. Archived October 15, 2011.
  68. Ser Manser, Robert 2011 IT List Awards Nominees Announced (Unreferenced) . Poprepublic.tv. AKA Entertainment (31 December 2011). The appeal date was August 7, 2013. Archived January 2, 2012.
  69. Ser Manser, Robert IT List Awards Winners Announced! (Neopr.) Poprepublic.tv. AKA Entertainment (11 February 2012). Archived February 11, 2012.
  70. ↑ Nominations> Dance Work of the Year - 2012 (Neopr.) . Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) | Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS) (2012). The appeal date is June 13, 2012.
  71. ↑ Winners & Nominees Announced - 26th ARIA Awards 2012 (Neopr.) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) (3 October 2012). The appeal date is October 3, 2012.
  72. ↑ Channel V Oz Artist of the Year 2012 (Undefeated) (inaccessible link) . Channel V Australia . The appeal date is August 7, 2013. Archived October 14, 2012.
  73. ↑ IT List Awards 2012 (Unsolved) (requires registration) (not available link) . Poprepublic.tv. AKA Entertainment. The appeal date was August 7, 2013. Archived January 2, 2013.
  74. ↑ Manser, Robert IT List Awards Winners (Neopr.) . Poprepublic.tv. AKA Entertainment (14 February 2013). The appeal date is February 18, 2013.

Links

  • djhavanabrown.com.au - the official site of Havana Brown
  • YouTube video
Source - https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Havana_Brown&oldid=100659098


More articles:

  • Hao (monetary unit)
  • Petrozavodsk (submarine)
  • Zuevka (Kostanay region)
  • Christie, Gwendolyn
  • Evarsha Crescent
  • Schwanitz, Kristina
  • Miss USA 1953
  • Holy Cross Church (Raisins)
  • Mostovoi, Vladimir Iosifovich
  • Slupianek, Ilona

All articles

Clever Geek | 2019