Bernard II ( French Bernard II , ox. Bernat II ; c. 1014 - until June 24, 1077 ) - Count of Bigorra from 1036/1038 , the eldest son of Count Bernard I Roger de Foix and Countess Bigorra Gersenda .
| Bernard II | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fr. Bernard II , ox. Bernat II | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Bernard I Roger de Foix and Gersenda Bigorra | ||||||
| Successor | Raymond II | ||||||
| Birth | OK. 1014 | ||||||
| Death | June 24, 1077 | ||||||
| Kind | House Foie Carcassonne | ||||||
| Father | Bernard I Roger de Foix | ||||||
| Mother | Gersenda Bigorra | ||||||
| Spouse | 1st : Clementia 2nd : Etiennett | ||||||
| Children | from the 1st marriage : Raymond II , Clementia from 2nd marriage : Beatrice I | ||||||
Content
- 1 Biography
- 1.1 Management Board
- 1.2 Marriage and children
- 2 notes
- 3 Literature
- 4 References
Biography
Board
Bernard was born around 1014 and was the eldest of the four sons of Count Bernard I Roger de Foix and Countess Bigorra Gersenda . After the death of his father, his possessions were divided between three sons, while the youngest of the brothers, Heracle , was ordained. As a result of the section, Bernard received the county of Bigorr [1] .
By 1060, Bernard completed the compilation of “ Fors de Bigorre ” ( fors de Bigorre ) - a set of customs that determined the rights of the nobility and the count. These laws, acting in the county and under its successors, allowed to strengthen the power of the count. In addition, during the reign of Bernard II, Bigorr became a virtually independent county.
Initially, the rulers of Bigorra were considered vassals of the dukes of Gascony . After Gascony was annexed to Aquitaine in 1058, the power of the dukes of Aquitaine in Gascony was initially weak. As a result, the Gascon rulers were actually sovereign rulers. Bernard, on the other hand, weakened this dependence even further: in 1062 he made a pilgrimage with his wife Clementia to Le Puy-en-Velay , where in the cathedral he dedicated himself and his county to Our Lady . In the future, this consecration will be interpreted by the counts-bishops of Valais as an act of vassal dependence and will lead to numerous disputes over the possession of Bigorr and, as a result, to the annexation of Bigorr by the King of France Philippe IV the Beautiful [2] .
On November 21, 1064, Bernard II and his brother, Bishop Tarba Eracl de Foix , worried about the fall of monastic discipline in the jointly subordinate monasteries of Saint-Felix and Saint-Lezère , transferred these monasteries to the abbey of Cluny . Also, through the mediation of Heraclus, the conflict between Bernard and Dodon I de Benac , who was accused of treason by the count, was settled. As a result, Bernard forgave Dodon, provided that he would repent at the monastery of Saint-Pès de Generes , which he did [2] [3] .
Bernard died in 1077. He was succeeded by his only son Raymond II [1] .
Marriage and children
1st wife: Clementia (d. C. 1063), her origin is unknown [1] . According to the historian Christian Settipani, she could be the daughter of Count of Barcelona Ramon Borel from her marriage with Ermesinda of Carcassonne [4] . Children:
- Raymond II (d. 1080), Earl of Bigorra since 1077 [1]
- Clementia (?) (C. 1036 - up to 1065); husband: Ermengol III El de Barbastro (c. 1031/1033 - February / March 1065), Count of Urhel since 1038 [1]
Also, according to Settipani, two more daughters were born from this marriage [4] :
- Etiennetta (Stephanie) ; husband: Guillaume I the Great (c. 1024 - November 12, 1087), Count of Burgundy from 1057 and Count of Macon in 1078-1085. There are other versions of its origin.
- Ermezinda ; husband: Guillaume VII the Bold (1023 - Autumn 1058), Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Poitiers since 1039.
2nd wife: from 1063 Etiennett (Dulce) (d. After April 1, 1080), widow of the Marquis of Provence Geoffrey I. According to the historian Sabolch de Vazhay , Etiennett was the daughter of the Viscount Marcel Guillaume I and his second wife Stephanie de Beau-Ryans [5] [1] . Children:
- Beatrice I (c. 1064 - after October 14, 1095), Countess Bigorra from 1080; husband: since 1077 - Santiu I Young (d. 1090), Viscount Bearn (Santiu V) since 1058 and Count Bigorra since 1080 [1]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Comtes de Bigorre (English) . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Date of treatment August 1, 2013. Archived April 12, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 Monlezun, Jean Justin. Histoire de la Gascogne. - Vol. 2. - P. 57-63.
- ↑ J. de Jaurgain . La Vasconie, étude historique et critique, deux parties . - Vol. 2. - P. 371-373.
- ↑ 1 2 Settipani C. La Noblesse du Midi Carolingien. - P. 147-149.
- ↑ Szabolcs de Vajay. Etiennette dite Douce, comtesse de Provence (XIe siècle) // Provence Historique 12. - 1962. - P. 180-213.
Literature
- J. de Jaurgain . La Vasconie, étude historique et critique, deux parties . - Pau, 1898, 1902.
- Monlezun, Jean Justin. Histoire de la Gascogne = Histoire de la Gascogne depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours. - JA Portes, 1846-1850. (Fr.) ( Russian translation )
- Settipani C. La Noblesse du Midi Carolingien. Etudes sur quelques grandes familles d'Aquitaine et du Languedoc, du IXe au XIe siècles. Toulousain, Périgord, Limousin, Poitou, Auvergne. - Oxford: Linacre College, Unit for Prosopographical Research, 2004 .-- 388 p. - ISBN 1-900934-04-3 .
Links
- Comtes de Bigorre (English) . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Date of treatment August 1, 2013. Archived April 12, 2012.