203 mm / 50 Type 3 is a naval artillery gun developed in Japan and in service with the Imperial Japanese Navy . It was used during the Second World War , was the main weapon of the Japanese heavy cruisers . These guns were equipped with heavy cruisers of the Furutak , Aoba , Meuko , Takao , Mogami , and Tone types. Distinguished by high efficiency, belonged to the best guns in its class. .
| 203 mm / 50 ship cannon Type 3 | |
|---|---|
| 口径 三年 式 二 〇 糎 砲 | |
 203mm / 50 Type 3 guns on the Kako heavy cruiser | |
| Production history | |
| Country of Origin |  Japan |
| Manufacturer | Maritime Arsenal at Chur |
| Service history | |
| It was in service |  |
| Characteristics of the instrument | |
| Caliber , mm | 203.2 |
| Barrel length, mm / caliber | 10 310 |
| Barrel length, mm | 10,000 |
| Volume of chamber, dm ³ | 68 |
| Shutter type | piston |
| Barrel weight with bolt, kg | 19,000 |
| Projectile weight, kg | 125.85 |
| Initial projectile speed, m / s | 840 |
| Rate of fire shots per minute | four |
| Characteristics | |
| The total mass of AU, kg | 166,000 - 175,000 |
| The distance between the axes of the guns, mm | 1900 |
| The angle of the trunk, ° | −5 / + 55 |
| Maximum speed of vertical guidance, ° / s | 6 - 12 |
| Maximum speed of horizontal guidance, ° / s | four |
| Maximum firing range, m | 29,400 / 45 ° |
| Booking | 25 |
| Ammunition on the barrel | [one] |
Creation history and construction
The Japanese fleet was not completely satisfied with the 200-mm / 50 Type 3 No. 1 guns . , which equipped the cruisers of the Furutak, Aoba and Möko types. They were less than the maximum allowed by the Washington Treaty caliber and were inferior in weight of the projectile to those of other countries. . Given the constant desire of the leadership of the Japanese fleet to achieve qualitative superiority over potential adversaries, this state of affairs seemed to be intolerable. Another impetus to the development of new weapons for heavy cruisers was the creation in the years 1923-1924 in the UK 203 mm guns Mk.VIII , which had an elevation angle of 70 ° and were to be used as universal . These gun systems were intended for heavy cruisers of the Kent type . In fact, the British program completely failed and it was impossible to use such heavy cannons for air defense , but in the second half of the 1920s this was not yet known and the Japanese admirals wanted to get a weapon with the same characteristics [2] .
The gun was developed in 1930 - 1931 under the direction of engineer S. Had, who had previously created a Type 3 No. 1 gun. Initially, an elevation angle of 70 ° was provided, but it soon became clear that the anti-aircraft fire of these guns would not be effective, but the design of the towers was excessively complicated [3] . On subsequent models, the elevation angle was only 55 °. The greatest firing range was achieved at an elevation angle of 45 ° [2] .
Combat use
Project Evaluation
| Comparative performance characteristics of 203-mm naval guns of World War II | |||||||||||||||||||
| Specifications | 203 mm / 50 Type 3 No. 2 [4] | 203 mm / 55 Mk.9 [5] | 203 mm / 50 Mk.VIII [6] | 203 mm / 50 Model 1924 [7] | 203 mm / 53 Ansaldo Mod. 1927/1929 [8] | 20.3 cm SKC / 34 [9] | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | |||||||||||||||||||
| Caliber, mm | 203.2 | 203.2 | 203.2 | 203.2 | 203.2 | 203.2 | |||||||||||||
| Barrel length, calibers | 50 | 55 | 50 | 50 | 53 | 60 | |||||||||||||
| Mass of the gun, kg | 19,000 | 30 300 | 17,476 | 20 716 | 27,216 | 20,700 | |||||||||||||
| Rate of fire, shots / min | four | four | 4 - 5 | four | 3 - 4 | four | |||||||||||||
| Firing range, m | 29,400 | 29,600 | 26,800 | 31,000 | 31 500 | 33 540 | |||||||||||||
| Projectile weight, kg | 125.85 | 118 | 116.2 | 123 | 125 | 124 | |||||||||||||
| The initial velocity of the projectile, m / s | 840 | 910 | 846 | 850 | 940 | 925 | |||||||||||||
Notes
- ↑ Campbell J. Naval weapons of World War Two. - Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1985. - P. 185-186. - ISBN 0-87021-459-4 .
- 2 1 2 Lacroix E., Linton W. Japanese cruisers of the Pacific War. - Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1997. - P. 133. - ISBN 1-86176-058-2 .
- ↑ Suliga, 1996 , p. 38
- ↑ Campbell J. Naval weapons of World War Two. - P. 185.
- ↑ Campbell J. Naval weapons of World War Two. - P. 127.
- ↑ Campbell J. Naval weapons of World War Two. - P. 31.
- ↑ Campbell J. Naval weapons of World War Two. - P. 290.
- ↑ Campbell J. Naval weapons of World War Two. - P. 327.
- ↑ Campbell J. Naval weapons of World War Two. - P. 235.
Links
Literature
- Campbell J. Naval weapons of World War Two. - Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1985. - 403 p. - ISBN 0-87021-459-4 .
- Lacroix E., Linton W. Japanese cruisers of the Pacific War. - Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1997. - ISBN 1-86176-058-2 .
- Suliga, S.V. Japanese heavy cruisers. - M .: Galeya Print, 1996. - T. 1. - 96 + 36 p. - 500 copies - ISBN 5-7559-0020-5 .