The State Bank building is a building in Rostov-on-Don , built in 1915 in the style of neoclassicism [1] by the project of architect M. M. Peretyatkovich to house the offices of the State Bank of the Russian Empire . Location of the Rostov branch of the Bank of Russia . It has the status of an object of cultural heritage of regional significance [2] .
Sight | |
State Bank building | |
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Office building of the State Bank | |
A country | Russia |
City | Rostov-on-Don , Prospect Sokolov, house 22a |
Architectural style | neo-classicism |
Project author | M.M. Peretyatkovich |
Building | 1913 - 1915 years |
Status | Object of the cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation . (Wikigid BD) |
History
At the beginning of the 20th century, the office of the State Bank was located in a two-story building on the corner of Bolshaya Sadovaya Street and Sredniy Avenue (now Sokolov Avenue). The bank did not have enough space, and he was forced to rent additional space. Then it was decided to build a new building to replace the old one [3] .
Architect M. M. Peretyatkovich developed the project of the building of the State Bank’s office back in 1910. Initially, the estimated calculations and preparation of working drawings were led by the architect S.V. Popilin, but he was soon dismissed for being slow. Then Peretyatkovich chose as assistant to the Rostov civil engineer P. A. Tarachkova. Technician-consultant was A. P. Butkov [4] .
In September 1912, Peretyatkovich came to Rostov-on-Don for the general management of construction work. By that time, the old bank building was already demolished [4] . Construction was supposed to begin in the late autumn, but because of the cold, the work was moved to the spring of 1913. The solemn laying of the bank building took place on April 28, 1913. The construction of the office of the State Bank was completed in 1915 [5] . With its facade the building of the State Bank opened onto the New Market Square (nowadays the Square of Soviets ) and was turned to the altar of the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral located there (demolished in 1930).
After the arrival of Soviet power, the building was nationalized [6] . In the 1920s, according to Peretyatkovich’s project, the south-eastern wing was completed, where the apartments of employees were housed. The office building of the State Bank was the only building in the square that survived after World War II. During the restoration of the square, the facades of other buildings were built in a similar neoclassical style [7] .
In the 1950s, instead of a sculptural composition with a double-headed eagle, the USSR Emblem was installed on the facade of the building [7] . In 1994, the facade of the building was reconstructed [8] , during which the original heraldic composition [7] and the inscription “STATE BANK OFFICE” were restored on the attic of the State Bank.
Architecture
A three-storey building with a basement has a U-shaped configuration in terms of and is the architectural dominant of the Council Square [7] . The basement and ground floors are decorated with rust , the second and third floors are finished with plaster. The main entrances are decorated with platbands and triangular sandriks . The window openings of the first floor are decorated with lunettes , the second with locking stones [9] . The facade with a powerful ten - column portico of the Tuscan order is crowned with a grand pediment . The attic above the colonnade is decorated with a sculptural group with figures of Roman gods, double-headed eagles and banners. The first and second floors are separated by a relief belt, which is interpreted as a support for the columns [8] . A similar division of the building into two tiers is intended to visually enlarge the scale of the structure [10] .
In the central part of the building there are operating rooms: one-light on the first floor and two-light , occupying the second and third floors. At the ends of the halls, there are ceremonial staircases, from which the corridors lead to the working premises [10] . The building of the State Bank is completed by a double dome, designed by P. I. Dmitriev, a professor at the Petersburg Institute of Civil Engineers [8] .
Notes
- ↑ G.V. Esaulov. Traditions of classicism in the architecture of the South of Russia (XVIII – early XX centuries) . niitag.ru. The appeal date was July 26, 2013. Archived September 6, 2013.
- ↑ Monuments of regional significance, registered with the Administration of the Rostov Region on January 1, 2009. voopiik-don.ru. The appeal date was July 26, 2013. Archived September 6, 2013.
- ↑ Shvetsov SD On the high Don coast: Essays from the past of Rostov. - Rostov, 1982. - p. 72-74.
- ↑ 1 2 Voloshinova L.F. Creations by Moscow and St. Petersburg architects in Rostov-on-Don. - Rostov-on-Don: “New book”, 2002. - pp. 53-62. - ISBN 5-86692-216-9 .
- ↑ Project and construction of the office of the State Bank . math.rsu.ru. The appeal date was July 30, 2013. Archived September 6, 2013.
- ↑ Tatyana Stepanicheva. Sadovaya street . mebel-ug.ru The appeal date was July 29, 2013. Archived September 6, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Area of the Soviets . math.rsu.ru. The appeal date is July 27, 2013. Archived September 6, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Kukushin BC Russian classicism // History of the architecture of the Lower Don and Azov. - Rostov-on-Don: Gingo, 1995. - 275 p. - ISBN 5-88616-027-2 .
- ↑ Esaulov G.V., Chernitsyna V.A. Architectural Chronicle of Rostov-on-Don. - 2nd. - Rostov-on-Don, 2002. - p. 159-166. - ISBN 5-8456-0489-3 .
- ↑ 1 2 Design and construction of the State Bank office . grants.rsu.ru. The appeal date was July 30, 2013. Archived September 6, 2013.