Sikorskaya, Tatyana Sergeevna

Born December 1 ), 1901, and spent her childhood and youth in the village of the Syuginsky glass factory, now the city of Mozhga , Udmurtia . Got a good home education. Her father, Sergey Alexandrovich Shishkov, was first a process engineer at this plant, and since 1892 its co-owner (partnership on shares of S. A. Syrnev and S. A. Shishkov).

In 1918, an uprising broke out at the factory, the Shishkov family was scattered by the revolution and war , his father was hiding from the Bolsheviks, but was captured and shot in the same year ^[2] . Mother and brothers died of typhoid. After wandering, Tatyana finds herself in Moscow with virtually no means of subsistence, gets a job as a correspondent in a newspaper, begins to engage in literary work (the first poems were published in 1919 ), she gets married.

In 1922, the son of Vadim was born, who later also became a famous poet and translator. Loses her husband early, enters the literary faculty of Moscow University and graduates in 1930 .

Soon after graduating from the Institute, Tatyana Sikorskaya became the editor of the song lyrics of Muzlit, where she met her colleague, Samuil Borisovich Bolotin , who soon became her husband and permanent co-author. Together with Bolotin, Sikorska in the 1930s translated primarily songs of the peoples of the USSR, and later foreign authors. Both become (on the recommendation of Alexei Tolstoy ) members of the Writers' Union .

During the war, Tatyana Sikorskaya was evacuated to Yelabuga and on the way to the evacuation she met closely with Marina Tsvetaeva . From Yelabuga he soon returns back to Moscow , and he and Bolotin seek to send them to the front. About two years working in a divisional newspaper.

After the war, Sikorska and Bolotin continue to translate folk, lyrical and anti-fascist songs of different peoples, many of which are becoming popular. Famous performers, composers, directors often visited the Bolotins' houses, Tatyana Sergeyevna herself often sang her songs, and Samuil Borisovich accompanied her on the guitar.

In the 1940-1960s, Sikorska and Bolotin worked a lot, translated Czech, Bulgarian, Romanian, French, Polish songs and songs of many other countries and peoples. On the verses of Tatyana Sikorska wrote the vocal cycle "Spanish Songs" Dmitry Shostakovich . Many other famous composers also wrote music to the verses of Bolotin and Sikorsky: Isaac Dunaevsky , Lev Schwartz , Anatoly Novikov , Modest Tabachnikov , Zara Levina , Alexander Tsfasman , Arno Babadzhanyan , Oscar Feltsman . The songs were included in the repertoire of famous artists: Claudia Shulzhenko , Zoe Rozhdestvenskaya , Vladimir Kandelaki , Mikhail Alexandrovich , Vladimir Bunchikov , Vladimir Nechayev , Pyotr Kirichek , Leonid Utesov , Alla Pugacheva , Vladimir Vysotsky . At the same time, the authors were subsequently repeatedly reproached for market conditions and thoughtless punching of hits ^[3] . However, many contemporaries highly appreciated their work, such as, for example, Sergei Mikhalkov , who wrote the preface to the collection “Songs of ordinary people”.

In 1951 he joined the Communist Party .

After the death of Bolotin in 1970, she almost ceases to compose, her name is mentioned less and less. The death of T. S. Sikorsky in 1984 remained almost unnoticed by the literary community.

Many songs on verses by Tatyana Sikorska or in her translations have become very popular. It was noted that, adapting the translation to the requirements of the performer and censorship, she often created an almost original text. Here are some famous songs:

• “March of the Pilots” (1931, music by B. Shekhter, lyrics by T. Sikorsky)
• “Song of Voroshilov” (1934, music by F. Szabo , lyrics by T. Sikorska)
• “The Enemy Will Not Pass!” (1937, music by V. Kochetov, lyrics by T. Sikorska, Spanish Boris Deineka )
• “We will pass” (1937, music by V. Kochetov, lyrics by T. Sikorska, Spanish Boris Deineka )
• “ Suliko ” (1937, music by V. Tsereteli, lyrics by A. Tsereteli ( Georgian ), Russian text by T. Sikorsky)
• The North Pole (1937, music by V. Kruchinin , lyrics by S. Bolotin and T. Sikorska)
• “The Fifth Regiment March” (1938, music by G. Eisler , lyrics by T. Sikorska)
• “Mother” (1938, music by A. Novikov (after the other source, by I. Dunaevsky ), lyrics by T. Sikorsky)
• “Song of Voroshilov” (1939, music by S. Prokofiev , lyrics by T. Sikorsky)
• “The Fleet of Fourteen Seas” (1940, music by L. Schwartz , lyrics by T. Sikorska)
• “ Bombers ” (1943, music by J. McHuff, lyrics by G. Adamson ( English ), Russian text by S. Bolotin and T. Sikorsky, Spanish version L. Utesov )
• “I went into a marvelous zucchini” (1945, music. In Hamson, words folk ( English , USA ), Russian text by S. Bolotin and T. Sikorska, Spanish. Ans. Song and dance named after Alexandrov )
• “Girl from the Danube” (1950, Hungarian folk, music. In the mod. E. Kolmanovsky , Russian text by S. Bolotin and T. Sikorska, isp. V. Nechaev )
• "Dove" (1951, Cuban folk ( Spanish ), musician S. Iradie , Russian text by S. Bolotin and T. Sikorsky, Spanish writer K. Shulzhenko )
• “Casey Jones” (1952, music. And lyrics by Joe Hill ( English , USA ), Russian text by S. Bolotin and T. Sikorska, Spanish L. Utesov )
• The Ballad of the White Carnation (1952, music by A. Pakhmutova , lyrics by T. Sikorska)
• “They say I don’t dare” (1950s, Hungarian folk, music. Arr. E. Kolmanovsky , Russian text by S. Bolotin and T. Sikorska, rev. V. Nechaev )
• “What the atom cannot do” (1979, music. And lyrics by V. Guthrie ( English USA ), Russian text by T. Sikorsky, Spanish A. Pugachev )

In addition to songwriting, Sikorska wrote the play “The Unknown Sailor” (1945), translated the plays by T. Rattigan “Lights at the Start” (1957), B. Brecht and L. Feuchtwanger, “Dreams of Simone Mashar” (1957). Her pen belongs to the libretto of the operas "Consul" (1967) and "Five Million" (1968), as well as the musical comedies "Keto and Kote" (1950), "Donja Joanita" (1966). The operetta of Imre Kalman's " Violet of Montmartre ", staged on her libretto in 1969, gained particular fame. A screen version of this version of the operetta - the film "Under the Roofs of Montmartre" by Vladimir Gorikker (1975) - additionally added popularity to this production.

Books for children:

• Let's Play (1927)
• Thunderstorm (1928)
• “Mishkin’s horse” (1928)

Song collections:

• “Songs of ordinary people” (1954)
• Guitars in battle (1968)
• Songs of the Five Continents (1977)

• The song “The Enemy Will Not Pass!” Is the anthem of the Spanish Popular Front . Under the name "Eleventh" this song was performed as a march of the 11th international brigade of the Republican army of Spain.
• In the song “Bombers”, the final refrain phrase “On parole and on one wing”, which arose as a result of censorship of the original line “Comin in on a wing and a prayer” (“Returning on the wing and prayer”), became widely known.
• Tatyana Sikorskaya was familiar with Marina Tsvetaeva in the evacuation, and her letters to Tsvetaeva’s daughter Ariadne Efron are an important source of information about Tsvetaeva’s last days. Sikorska considered herself indirectly guilty of the death of the great poetess - having contributed to her settlement and arrangement of her life, Sikorska left for Moscow to her husband, leaving Tsvetaeva in a gloomy state of mind and promised to return to her soon and help her through difficult times. But she did not return, but soon received a telegram about the death of Tsvetaeva.
• Alexei Nikolayevich Tolstoy was a relative of Sikorsky's father and was familiar with Tatyana. It is believed ^[4] that she served as the prototype of Olga Vyacheslavovna Zotova, the main character of the story " Viper ".

• Eduard Barsukov “Voices that didn’t answer: a thousand song masterpieces of Bolotin and Sikorska”
• Maria Belkina “Crossing Fates”
• Biography on the Century of Translation website
• “Tatyana Sikorska: the“ pop girl ”of her time"
• Biography at the Fundamental Electronic Library
• Soviet music