Maria ( Fr. Marie ; d. 1186 [1] ) - Viscountess of Bearn , Gabardan and Brulois in 1170–1173, daughter of the Viscount Bearn of Pierre II and Matella de Beau.
| Maria | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fr. Marie | |||||||
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| Together with | Guillem de Moncada ( 1170 - 1172 ) | ||||||
| Predecessor | Gaston V | ||||||
| Successor | Gaston VI | ||||||
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| Together with | Guillem de Moncada ( 1170 - 1172 ) | ||||||
| Predecessor | Gaston V | ||||||
| Successor | Gaston VI | ||||||
| |||||||
| Together with | Guillem de Moncada ( 1170 - 1172 ) | ||||||
| Predecessor | Gaston V | ||||||
| Successor | Gaston VI | ||||||
| Death | 1186 | ||||||
| Kind | Gabarre House | ||||||
| Father | Pierre II | ||||||
| Mother | Matella de Beau | ||||||
| Spouse | Guillaume (Guillem) I de Moncada | ||||||
| Children | sons : Gaston VI , Guillaume Raymond I daughter : Saurina | ||||||
After the death of her brother, Maria and her husband, Guillaume de Moncada, were recognized by the king of Aragon as rulers of Bearn, but the Bearns refused to recognize Guillam, rebelling against him. Attempts to establish power by force failed. After the death of her husband, Mary in 1173 retired to the monastery.
Content
Biography
The exact year of birth is unknown.
In 1170, Mary's brother, Viscount Bearna Gaston V , died. He did not leave children, so Maria inherited all his possessions. She was previously married to Guillem de Moncada, son of the Seneschal of Catalonia, Guillem Ramon II . She lived at the court of King Aragon Alfonso II . Under the law in Bearn, a woman could not directly control the Viscount. However, the king of Aragon recognized Mary as Viscountess. On April 30, 1170, Mary brought him homage, not only for Bearn, but also for Gabardan and Brullois, who were considered vassal possessions from the dukes of Aquitaine . In response, Alfonso promised to protect her rights and confirmed the ownership of all lands, including in the Kingdom of Aragon. If before that the Viscounts of Bearn were sovereign rulers, now they have become vassals of Aragon. In 1171, Maria’s husband, Guillem de Moncada, recognized by Alfonso as Viscount Bearn [2] [3] [1] , also brought homage.
But the Bearns refused to recognize Guillem as a Viscount and revolted. According to a later legend, they chose as their lord a nobleman from Bigorr named Theobald, but he soon refused to abide by the laws of Bearn and was executed in the same year. He was replaced by an overseas nobleman named Centauzh, who, however, was also executed in 1173 [3] . However, there is no documented evidence for the existence of these two Viscounts, and perhaps they are the invention of later chroniclers.
Guillem tried to assemble an army to conquer Bearn by force, but he did not succeed. He died in 1172 [1] . In 1173, Maria retired to the monastery of Saint-Croix de Volvestre , and the eldest of her two young sons, Gaston VI [2] [3] , was recognized as a viscount.
Mary died in 1186 [1] .
Marriage and children
Husband: earlier on June 10, 1164 [1] Guillaume (Guillem) I de Moncada (until 1134 - 1172), Senior Moncada and Vic, Viscount Bearn from 1171. Children:
- Gaston VI (1165 [1] - 1214), Viscount of Bearn, Gabardan and Bruloy from 1173, Earl of Bigorre and Viscount of Marsan from 1196 [4]
- Guillaume Raymond I (1166 [1] - 1224), Señor Moncada and Castellviel (Guillem Ramon) from 1173, Viscount Bearn, Gabardan and Brulois from 1214 [5]
- Saurina de Moncada
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Vicomtes de Bearn (English) . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Date of treatment July 9, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 J. de Jaurgain . La Vasconie, étude historique et critique, deux parties . - Vol. 2. - P. 552–556.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Monlezun, Jean Justin. Histoire de la Gascogne. - Vol. 2. - P. 212-215.
- ↑ According to legend, he was the eldest of two twin brothers.
- ↑ According to legend, he was the youngest of two twin brothers.
Literature
- Monlezun, Jean Justin. Histoire de la Gascogne = Histoire de la Gascogne depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours. - JA Portes, 1846-1850. (Fr.) ( Russian translation )
- J. de Jaurgain . La Vasconie, étude historique et critique, deux parties . - Pau, 1898, 1902.
Links
- Vicomtes de Bearn . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Date of treatment July 9, 2013.
- Vizcondes de Gabarret y Brulhois (Spanish) . Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia. Date of treatment July 9, 2013.