Settlement Zhayyk - a medieval settlement in the West Kazakhstan region of Kazakhstan , near the modern city of Uralsk .
Content
- 1 History
- 2 Excavations
- 3 Sources
- 4 Literature
History
The hillfort 12 km from Uralsk, on the Chagan River, a tributary of the Urals , was discovered by archaeologists in 2001. From this moment, excavations are underway at the facility. There is evidence that the site was known in Soviet times .
The settlement dates from the XIII-XIV century, when the territory of Western Kazakhstan was part of the Golden Horde . The city here was probably formed during the reign of the khans of Uzbek and Janibek [1] [2] .
Doctor of Historical Sciences Murat Sdykov suggested that Zhayyk is the progenitor of modern Uralsk. This allows you to increase the age of the city by three centuries (the official date of the foundation of Uralsk is 1613). However, this statement is criticized because there is no direct connection between the two settlements. [3] The dwellings of the Yaik Cossacks were built from building material (bricks) taken from the Zhaik settlement .
Excavations
At the excavation site, several industrial furnaces, a bathhouse and a mausoleum were found. The walls, whose width reached 1.5 meters, were built of brick. All buildings were made in the Turkic style, which suggests that these buildings date from the XIII-XIV centuries.
Industrial kilns (5 m long, 1 m wide) were used to burn bricks, the temperature in the kilns reached 200 degrees Celsius. The bathhouse was equipped with a heating system consisting of eight pipes laid under a wooden floor.
The mausoleum was conical in shape, with a spiral staircase. Its walls are partially destroyed. Currently, excavations of kilns are mothballed.
Sources
- ↑ Cultural Heritage. National Project - Archaeological Site | Settlement Zhayik XIII - XIV century (Unavailable link) . Date of treatment July 9, 2013. Archived June 18, 2013.
- ↑ Uralsk.info. Information portal of the city - Kazakhstan archaeologists have penetrated into the thickness of millennia, exploring the cultural layer of the ancient settlement Zhayyk in the WKO Archival copy of February 18, 2013 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ My city. Information portal of Western Kazakhstan - How old is Uralsk - 400 or 700?
Literature
Pachkalov A.V. Medieval cities of the Lower Volga and Northern Caucasus. M., 2018.
Reference "Zhayik settlement".