The administrative district of Allenstein ( German: Regierungsbezirk Allenstein ) is a second-level administrative-territorial unit in Prussia that existed in 1905-1945. The district was created from the southern regions of the two neighboring districts of Königsberg and Gumbinnen and became the third district in the province of East Prussia . In the east and south, Allenstein also bordered on the Russian Empire (later the USSR) and in the west on the Prussian province of West Prussia . The administrative center of the district was located in the city of Allenstein (now the Polish city of Olsztyn ). Today, the county is completely located in Poland and is the main part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .
| Administrative District Allenstein | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regierungsbezirk allenstein | |||||
| |||||
 | |||||
| Provinces | East Prussia | ||||
| Adm. Centre | Allenstein | ||||
History
The Allenstein district was formed in 1905 as the third district within the province of East Prussia with the aim of economic and cultural stimulation of Masuria from the nine southern regions of the Königsberg districts (Allenstein, Niedenburg, Ortelsburg, Osterode and Roesel districts) and Gumbinnen (Johannisburg and Lett districts Sensburg). In 1910, the city of Allenstein was separated from the homonymous district into an independent urban district.
According to the decisions of the Treaty of Versailles, on January 1, 1920, Germany was forced to give Poland part of the Naydenburg region (the so-called Zoldau region). In addition, on July 11, 1920, as a result of the referendum , several settlements of the Osterode region also left Poland.
After the occupation of Poland by the Third Reich, Zoldau was returned to the Nadenburg district of Allenstein in November 1939.
After the Second World War, the territory of the district completely came under Polish control. On its main territory, the was formed (the Zoldau region was returned in the form of the Dzialdowski County to the ), and the Luke region - in the form of the Elk County in the Bialystok Voivodeship . After the last administrative reform of 1999, the entire territory of the former Allenstein County is part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .
Administrative Division
List of districts of Allenstein County with an indication of their district centers:
- Urban areas
- urban area Allenstein (since 1910)
- Rural areas
- rural area Allenstein, adm. Center - Allenstein
- Naydenburg district, adm. Center - Naydenburg
- Ortelsburg district, adm. center - Ortelsburg
- Osterode district, adm. Center - Osterode in Ostproysen
- Rössel district, adm. Center - Bischofsburg
- Johannisburg district, adm. Center - Johannisburg
- Lötzen district, adm. Center - Rain
- district Luke, adm. center - Luke
- Sensburg district, adm. Center - Sensburg
County Heads
The head of the district in Prussia was the "regional president" ( German Regierungspräsident ). Over the years, Allenstein was headed by:
- 1905-1907: Wilhelm von Hegel
- 1907-1908: Friedrich Karl Gramsc
- 1908-1917: Hans von Hellmann
- 1918-1924: Matthias von Oppen
- 1924-1932: Max von Ruperti
- 1933-1945: Karl Schmidt
Population
| Administrative District Allenstein | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 1910 | 1925 | 1933 | 1939 |
| Population | 518.682 | 540.287 | 552.541 | 568.024 |
Distribution of the population in Allenstein by language for 1910:
| 1910 census | Population | German | Masurian | Polish | Bilingual | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Administrative District Allenstein | 543.469 | 274.320 | 50.48% | 175.016 | 32.20% | 73.154 | 13.46% | 19.532 | 3.59% |
| Allenstein City | 33.077 | 29.344 | 88.71% | 99 | 0.30% | 2.249 | 6.80% | 1.325 | 4.01% |
| Allenstein rural | 57.919 | 22.825 | 39.41% | 520 | 0.90% | 32.766 | 56.57% | 1.782 | 3.08% |
| Johannisburg | 51.399 | 16.379 | 31.87% | 29.141 | 56.70% | 4.203 | 8.18% | 1.620 | 3.15% |
| Lötzen | 41.209 | 26.352 | 63.95% | 11.412 | 27.69% | 1.595 | 3.87% | 1.802 | 4.37% |
| Luke | 55.579 | 27.138 | 48.83% | 19.407 | 34.92% | 6.348 | 11.42% | 2.590 | 4.66% |
| Naydenburg | 59.416 | 20.871 | 35.13% | 25.150 | 42.33% | 10.462 | 17.61% | 2.645 | 4.45% |
| Ortelsburg | 69.935 | 20.218 | 28.91% | 43.513 | 62.22% | 3.390 | 4.85% | 2.463 | 3.52% |
| Osterode | 74.666 | 43.508 | 58.27% | 26.695 | 35.75% | 2.130 | 2.85% | 2.279 | 3.05% |
| Rössel | 50.472 | 43.189 | 85.57% | 48 | 0.10% | 6.512 | 12.90% | 1.42% | 1.42% |
| Sensburg | 50.097 | 24.496 | 48.90% | 19.031 | 37.99% | 3.499 | 6.98% | 2.310 | 4.61% |
In 1925, out of 540,290 people, 40,200 residents called Mazurian as their native language, and 13,700 people called Polish.
See also
- Administrative district Königsberg
- Administrative district Gumbinnen
- Administrative District West Prussia (1922-1939)
Links
- HGIS Germany: Regierungsbezirk Allenstein (German)
- Territoriale Veränderungen in Deutschland: Regierungsbezirk Allenstein (German)