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List of Spanish Civil War aces

During the Spanish Civil War, aviation was actively used by both sides, many fighter pilots representing various countries achieved significant achievements during air battles. Below is a list of such aces who have won five or more air victories. The pilots who died during the conflict are highlighted in gray. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union is indicated in the event of an award specifically for participation in the Spanish Civil War.

Content

  • 1 Republicans
    • 1.1 Spaniards
    • 1.2 Soviet pilots
    • 1.3 Volunteers from various countries
  • 2 Nationalists
    • 2.1 Spaniards
    • 2.2 Italians
    • 2.3 Germans
  • 3 Conventions
  • 4 See also
  • 5 Comments
  • 6 notes
  • 7 Literature

Republicans

According to Soviet documents, from October 28, 1936 to January 1, 1939, the Republican Air Force won 841 victories in air battles [1] . In addition, a certain number of victories were won in July, August, September and October 1936 and in the first four months of 1939.

Republican squadrons were initially designated by the name of the commander (in the case of a change of command, the squadron changed its designation, respectively), and later received numbers. "Named" squadrons of I-15 fighters, manned by Spanish pilots: Lacalle and Alonso [2] .

Spaniards  

Last Name, First NameOriginal namePartPersonal victoriesGroup winsNumber of sorties / air battlesAirplaneNotes
Zarauza, Clavier ManuelManuel zarauza claverLacalle Squadron; 1 and 4 squadrons of 21 groups [3]23I-16Commander of the 4th Air Force 21st Air Force [4]
Morkillas, Rubio LeopoldoLeopoldo morquillas rubioBasque Squadron; 3 and 4 squadrons [3] 2 ae 26 ag [2]21I-152nd Air Commander 26th Ag
Arias, Arias AntonioAntonio Arias Arias1st ae and 3rd ae, 4th ae 21st ag [3] [4]96I-16Commander of the 4th air force of the 21st ag after Saraus [4]
Kano, Garcia Antonio12?
Aguirre, Lopez ManuelManuel aguirre lópez1st and 7th aer 21-ag [3] [4]elevenI-16Commander 1-a 21st ag
Lacalle, Garcia AndresAndres garcía de la callesquadrons of Rychagov and Lacalle; 1 squadron [3]elevenI-15
Bravo, Fernandez Jose MariaJosé Maria Bravo FernándezSquadrons 1 and 3 [3]10
Ramirez, Bravo EmilioEmilio Ramirez BravoLacalle Squadron; 4 squadron [3]10
Comas, Borras JuanJuan Comas BorrásLacalle Squadron; Basque Squadron; 3 squadron 26th ag [3] [2]10I-15Commander of the 3rd ae 26th ag. He died in 1939 [3]
Sambudio, Martinez MiguelMiguel Zambudio MartinezBasque Squadron; 3 squadron 26 groups [3]10I-15
Vicente, Beltran RodrigoRodrigo Vicente Beltran10
Cortiso, Bertolo SabinoSabino Cortizo Bertolo4 squadron [3]8He died in 1939 [3]
Falco, San Martin JoseJosé Falcón San Martín3 and 5 squadrons; "Night flight squadron" [3]8I-16
Merogno, Pellitzer FranciscoFrancisco Meroño Pellicer1-ae, 6th ae 21st ag [3] [4]7I-16Commander of the 6th ae 21st ag. +20 more victories in WWII as part of the Red Army Air Force [5]
del Rio, Crespo FelipeFelipe del río crespoBasque Squadron; Northern Squadron [3]7He died in 1937 [3]
Lario, Sanchez JuanJuan lario sanchez2 and 4 squadrons [3]7
Pascual, Santamaria JoséJosé pascual santamaria1 squadron [3]6+14 more in WWII . He died in 1942 [5]
Magrina, Vidal RafaelRafael magrina vidal2 squadrons [3]5He died in 1937 [3]
Pereiro, Perez JulioJulio Pereiro Peréz2, 4 and 5 squadrons [3]5I-16
Orozco, Manuel RoviraRovira Orozco Manuel5

Soviet pilots  

“Named” squadrons of I-15 fighters manned by Soviet pilots: Rychagova (later Osadchy, then Eremenko); Turzhansky (Northern Front); Zotsenko [2] .

“Named” Soviet squadrons of I-16 fighters: Tarkhov (later Kolesnikov); Lakeeva; Moseiko; Ukhova; Shevtsova; Vinogradov; Kuznetsova; Lozychenko; Ivanova: Semenova; Yaroshenko [4] .

Full NamePartPersonal victoriesGroup winsNumber of sorties / air battles / combat raid (in hours)AirplaneNotes
  Eremenko, Ivan Trofimovichae Eremenko9- / - / 260 [6]I-15

One night victory [6] . According to other sources, 6 personal victories and 8 in the group [5] , or 7 personal victories and 5 in the group [7] . In Spain, as a military adviser, he led at various times the squadron and I-15 group, as well as fighter aircraft in general [8]

  Rychagov, Pavel Vasilievichae Rychagova8 [9]- / - / 105 [10]I-15According to other sources, 6 + 20 [5] . After Spain, he held senior positions in the Red Army Air Force , was shot in 1941, and later rehabilitated.
  Serov, Anatoly Konstantinovich1 ae 26 ag [5]8- / - / 38 / 230-240 [11]I-15One night victory [11] . According to other sources, 8 personal victories and 7 in the group [5] . He led the squadron and the I-15 group [8]
  Gritsevets, Sergey Ivanovichae Grycevets6 (7)88/42/115 [12]I-16According to other sources, 30 personal victories and 7 in the group [5] . Squadron and I-16 group commander [13]
Glushenkov, Nikifor Emmanuilovich5th ae 21st ag5580/14 / - [14]I-16The commander of the 5th ae.
  Chernykh, Sergey Alexandrovich52- / - / 115I-16 [15]
  Zaitsev, Alexander Andreevichae Uhova [5]53I-15 , I-16According to Gagin [5] and Bykov [16] .
  Fedoseev, Mikhail Andreevichae Turzhansky [5]588/40/109 [17]I-16According to other sources, had 7 victories [5]
Stepanov, Andrei Mikhailovichfour978/17/98I-16 [18]
  Kolesnikov, Konstantin Ilyichae Kolesnikovafour3I-16 [19]
Vikhrov, Timofey Egorovich5th ae 21st agfourone- / - / 145I-16Commander of the 5th Air Force [20]
  Korobkov, Pavel Terentyevich5th ae 21st agfour90/32 (36) [21]I-16According to other sources, 6 personal victories and 6 in the group [5] . Commander of the 5th Air Force [4]
  Shmelkov, Nikolai Ivanovichae Rychagova [5]four249 / - / 66 [22]I-15According to other sources, 5 personal victories and 5 in the group [5]
  Denisov, Sergey Prokofievichae Tarhova [5]3four> 200 /I-16According to other sources, 12 [23] or 13 [5] personal victories and 6 in the group [5]
Ivanov, Nikolai Semenovichae Ivanova [4]32- / - / 180-190 [24]I-16According to other sources, 4 personal victories and 10 in the group [5]
Hara, Peter Ivanovich3 [9]2I-16 [17]
Putivko, Pavel Ilyich32- / - / 170I-16 [10]
  Zherdev, Nikolai Prokofievich3070/15 / - [25]I-16
Matyunin, Victor Artemievich2 [9]2I-15 [26]
Emelianenko, Mikhail Ivanovich2four80/15/115 [6]
Starikov, Alexander Grigorievich6th ae 21st ag2fourI-16Commander of the 6th Air Force [18]
Tarasov, Alexander Ignatievich2fourI-16 [18]
Kovalevsky, Anton Vikentievich3Loire 46, I-153 wins on Loire 46 [27] . According to other sources, had 5 victories [5]
Polyakov, Sergey Nikolaevich5th ae 21st ag [5]3- / - / 194 [28]I-16According to other sources, had 5 victories [5]
Yakushin, Mikhail Nesterovich1st ae 26th ag [5]3?- / 25/180I-15One night victory during 8 night sorties, had several group victories [22] . According to other sources, 5 + 1 [5]
  Gerasimov, Nikolai Semenovich380/38/102I-16Squadron Commander [20]
  Lakeev, Ivan Alekseevichae Lakeeva2 [9]2312/50I-16According to other sources, 12 personal victories and 20 in the group [5]
Ukhov, Valentin Petrovichae uhova22I-15 , I-16
  Shestakov, Lev Lvovich2one36 / - / 140 [15]I-16According to other sources, 8 personal victories and 31 in the group [5]
  Pumpur, Pyotr Ivanovich2Dewoitine D.371, Loire 46, I-15 , I-16 [29]According to other sources, he had 5 victories [5] . In Spain, as a military adviser, he led fighter aircraft [8] . Shot in 1942, later rehabilitated
  Kopets, Ivan Ivanovich2Dewoitine D.371, Loire 46, I-15In Spain, as a military adviser, he led the I-15 group and fighter aircraft in general at different times [8] . After Spain, he held senior positions in the Red Army Air Force . June 22, 1941, learning about the number of aircraft lost in units under his command, shot himself
Sobolev, Nikolay Grigorievich1st ae 26th ag [5]2- / - / 205-210 [11]I-15According to other sources, 10 personal victories and 6 in the group [5]
  Fedorov, Ivan Evgrafovich5th ae 21st ag [5]2- / - / 180-190 [17]I-16According to other sources, 11 personal victories and 13 in the group [5]
Shubikov, Arseniy Vladimirovich3rd ae 21st ag [5]225 / - / 120 [22]I-16According to other sources, 7 wins [5]
Smolyakov, Platon Nikolaevich2nd aer 21st ag [4]2- / 29/130 [11]I-16According to other sources, 6 personal victories and 12 in the group [5]
  Smirnov, Boris Alexandrovich4th 21st Age [5]2- / - / 200 [11]I-16According to other sources, 5 wins [5]
Agafonov, Pavel Alekseevichae Rychagova [5]2 [9]I-15According to his own words, he won 5 personal victories and 3 in the line-up [30]
  Stepanov, Evgeny Nikolaevich1st ae 26th ag [5]1 [9]- / 16/100 [18]I-15According to other sources, 8 or 10 [18] or 12 [5] victories, including night ones. He made the world's first night ram. Squadron and I-15 group commander [8]
Akulenko, Prokopiy Semenovich2nd aer 21st ag [5]1 [9]oneI-16According to his own memoirs, won 6 personal victories and 7 in the group [30]
Finn, Ilya Alexandrovich1 [9]I-15According to other sources, 5 wins [5]
Buryak, Ivan Markiyanovichone5- / 38/131I-16 [31]
  Zakharov, George Nefedovichae Rychagova [5]one2I-15According to other sources, 6 personal victories and 4 in the group [5]
Devotchenko, Ivan Georgievich3rd ae 21st ag [5]one- / 30/140 [23]I-16According to other sources, 8 wins [5]
Morozov, Andrei Mikhailovich? [9]6I-16Squadron Commander [32]
Miroshnichenko, Nikolai Ivanovich? [9]2I-15In his own words, he had 4 personal victories and 3 in the line-up [32]
  Kondrat, Emelyan Filaretovich? [9]2I-15In his own words, he had 3 personal victories and 3 in the group [19]
  Bobrov, Vladimir Ivanovich2nd ae 21-ag [5]?1378/8/97 [31]I-16Had a few personal victories; according to other sources, a total of 13 wins personally and 4 in the group [5]
  Osipenko, Alexander Stepanovich1st ae 26th ag [5]??- / 30/96I-15He did not keep records of his victories, the squadron led by him won 26 victories [33] ; according to other sources, 17 personal victories and 34 in the group [5]
Soldatenko (c), Ignatius SemenovichAccording to some reports, 9 wins [5]
Kovenev, Fedor DmitrievichI-16 [19]According to some reports, 8 wins [5]
Sklyarov, Victor Dmitrievich [Comment 1]2nd ai 21st ar [5]I-16According to some reports, 7 personal victories and 9 in the group [5]
Denisov, Alexey Alexandrovich3rd ae [5]- / 10 / 40-45 [23]I-16According to some reports, he had 7 victories [5]
  Turzhansky, Boris Alexandrovichae Turzhansky [5]I-15According to some reports, had 6 victories [5]
Khomyakov, Valentin IvanovichI-15According to some reports, he had 6 victories [5] [15]
  Tarkhov, Sergey Fedorovichae Tarhova [5]I-16According to some reports, had 5 victories [5]
  Osadchy, Alexander Petrovichae OsadchyI-15According to some reports, he had 5 victories [5] . Squadron and I-15 group commander [8]
  Evseviev, Ivan IvanovichI-16According to some reports, 4 personal victories and 12 in the group [5]
  Naydenko, Vasily MikhailovichAccording to some reports, 3 personal victories and 6 in the group [5]
Sokolov, Ivan Vasilievichae Tarhova [5]I-16According to some reports, 3 personal victories and 4 in the group [5]
Lisin, Vasily Timofeevich2nd ae [5]- / 24/100 [26]I-16According to some reports, 2 personal victories and 6 in the group [5] . Commander of the 2nd AE and I-16 group [34] .

Volunteers from various countries

Last Name, First NameOriginal namePartPersonal victoriesGroup winsNumber of sorties / air battlesAirplaneNotes
  Guide, AbelAbel guides10 [35]Died in 1937
  Tinker, Frank GlasgowFrank glasgow tinkerLa Patrulla Americana, aero Lacalle, aero Kolesnikova [36]8I-15 , I-16 [36]3 wins on I-15 and 5 on I-16. Committed suicide in 1939 [36]
  Ferak, JanJan Ferák7Died in 1942
  Tarazona Toran, FranciscoFrancisco Tarazona Toran6
  Petrovich, Bozhidar Bozhidar Petroviћ5 [37]3 [37]Died in 1937
  Labusier, WilliamWilliam Laboussiere5
  Renault, [ name unknown ]Rayneau5
  Dahl, Harold Harold E. dahl5Killed in 1956
  Corrose, Walterae Eremenko [38]5Newport 52, I-15 [39]
  Dobias, Tomae Eremenko [38]5Newport 52, I-15 [39]
  Baumler, AlbertAlbert J. Baumlerfourone
  Darr, JeanJean darre3 [35]According to other sources, 10 wins [5]
  "Goronov", [ Valkan Simeonovich Goranov (Zakhari Zakhariyev) ]22 [Comment 2] [40]

Nationalists

In total, during the war, nationalist pilots declared 1311–1312 confirmed victories, another 238 - unconfirmed [41] .

According to Soviet documents, from October 28, 1936 to January 1, 1938, the Republican Air Force lost 531 aircraft, 258 of them in air battles (the data do not cover non-Soviet aircraft, in addition, a certain number of aircraft were lost in the first four months of 1939 ) [42] .

Spaniards  

In total, for the war, Spanish nationalist pilots declared 294-295 confirmed victories [41] .

Last Name, First NameOriginal namePartPersonal victoriesGroup winsNumber of sorties / air battlesAirplaneNotes
Garcia Morato, JoaquinJoaquín García-Morato y CastanoPatrulla Azul, 2-G-3, 3-G-340NiD 52 , He 51 , CR.32 [43]At different times, commanded groups 2-G-3 and 3-G-3, 1st Air Brigade [44] . The most effective ace of conflict. Died in a plane crash in 1939
Salvador, Diaz Benhumea JulioJulio Salvador Diáz-Benjumea2-g-324oneCR.32
Vasquez, Sagastizabal ManuelManuel Vázquez Sagastizábal2-g-321oneCR.32
Garcia, Lopez AristideArístides García López2-G-3, 8-E-317CR.32
Salas, Larrasabal AngelÁngel Salas Larrazábal2-g-316oneCR.32
  de Hemricure de Grun, RudolphRodolphe Ghislain Charles de Hemricourt de Grunne3-G-11, 1-G-2, 4-G-12, 2-G-314 [45]He 46 , He 51 , Ro.37 , CR.32All wins on CR.32. During WWII, he flew as part of the Belgian and British Air Force, went missing in 1941 [46] . Sometimes 10 wins are indicated [47]
Gereiro, Garcia MiguelMiguel Guerrero García2-g-313CR.32
Gonzalo, Hevia [5]12
Garcia, Pardo MiguelMiguel García Pardo2-G-3, 5-G-512CR.32 , He 112Team Leader 5-G-5. One victory on He-112 (the only victory on this type of aircraft in Spain) [48]
Velasco, Fernandez Nespral JoaquinJoaquín Velasco Fernández Nespral3-g-3elevenCR.32
Bayo, Alessandri CarlosCarlos Bayo Alessandri2-g-310CR.32
Ibarreche, Aryaga EstebanEsteban Ibarreche Arriaga2-g-37CR.32
Allende, Isashi JavierJavier allende isasi2-g-37CR.32
Larios Fernandez, JoseJosé Larios y Fernández3-g-36CR.32
O'Connor, Valdivielso EmelioEmelio O'Connor Valdivielso3-g-36CR.32
Alcoser, Moreno Abella LuisLuis Alcocer Moreno-Abellá2-g-35CR.32
Sesteros, Garcia AbundioAbundio cesteros garcía2-g-35CR.32
Manrique, Garrido AntonioAntonio Manrique Garrido2-g-35CR.32
Muntadas, Klaramunt JorgeJorge muntadas claramunt2-G-3, 3-G-35CR.32
Murcia, Rubio JavierJavier murcia rubio2-G-3, 3-G-35CR.32
Simon, Garcia RaphaelRafael Simón García2-g-35CR.32

Italians  

In total, Italian pilots claimed 703 confirmed victories (according to other sources - 903) and 173 unacknowledged victories for the war [41] .

Last Name, First NameOriginal namePartPersonal victoriesGroup winsNumber of sorties / air battlesAirplaneNotes
Bonzano, Mario Mario bonzanofifteenCR.32
Mantelli, Adriano Adriano mantellififteenCR.32According to other sources, had 9 victories [49]
di Montagnacco, BrunetoBrunetto di montegnaccoSquadrons 1 and 3 [49]fourteenCR.32
Presell, GuidoGuido presel13CR.32He died in 1937 [49]
Corrado, RicciCorrado ricci10CR.32According to other sources, had 2 victories [49]
Nobili, GuidoGuido nobili2 and 18 squadrons [49]10CR.32Died in 1943 [49]
Romagnoli, CarloCarlo romagnoli9CR.32
Zotti, AndreaAndrea ZottiXXIII group [49]9CR.32The commander of the XXIII group
Valued, GiuseppeGuiseppe cenniSquadrons 1 and 5 [49]7CR.32
Botto, ErnestoErnesto botto32 squadron [49]7 (5)CR.32According to other sources, had 4 victories [49]
Seidl, Ricardo EmoRicardo Emo Seidl6CR.32
Franco, ArmandoArmando François24 squadron [49]6CR.32
Baschirotto, GianlinoGianlino baschirotto1.4 and 24 squadrons [49]56CR.32
Aurili, GiuseppeGuiseppe aurili24 squadron [49]5CR.32
Gylon, GiuseppeGiuseppe baylon5CR.32
Caselli, GilbertoGilberto caselli20 squadron [49]5CR.32He died in 1937 [49]
Delhi Incerti, EnricoEnrico Degli Incerti1 and 20 squadrons [49]5CR.32
Monti, LuigiLuigi Monti24 squadron [49]5CR.32
Remondino, AldoAldo remondino5CR.32
Tessari, ArrigoArrigo tessari5CR.32
Zotti, NicolaNicola zotti5CR.32
Lucini, FrancoFranco lucchini19 squadron [49]5CR.32According to other sources, had one victory [49]
Ruzzin, GiuseppeGiuseppe ruzzinXXIII group [49]fourfourCR.32

Germans  

A total of 314 confirmed and 65 unconfirmed victories were declared by German pilots during the war [41] .

Last Name, First NameOriginal namePartPersonal victoriesNumber of sorties / air battlesAirplaneNotes
Mölders, WernerWerner mölders3.J / 88fourteenc. 100Bf.109B , Bf.109DCommander 3.J / 88
Schellman, WolfgangWolfgang schellmann1.J / 8812Commander 1.J / 88
Harder, HarroHarro harder1.J / 88elevenBf.109BCommander 1.J / 88
Boddem, PeterPeter Boddem2.J / 8810Bf.109BKilled in a plane crash in 1939
Seiler, ReinhardReinhard seiler9Bf.109B
Bertram, OttoOtto bertram9Bf.109D
Ensladen, WilhelmWilhelm ensslen9
Ilefeld, HerbertHerbert ihlefeld9
Jozau, WalterWalter oesauStab./j888130 / -
Mayer, Hans-KarlHans-karl mayer8
Joystick, HerwigHerwig knüppel4.J / 888He.51B , Bf.109V-4Commander 4.J / 88
Balthazar, WilhelmWilhelm balthasar7February 3, 1938 won four victories in one battle
Tietzen, HorstHorst tietzen7
Grabmann, WalterWalter grabmannStab./j887Bf.109D, Bf.109ECommanded the Condor legion fighter group (Jagdgruppe 88) after Handrick
Eberhard, craftKraft eberhardt4.J / 887He.51BHe died in 1936. Commander 4.J / 88
Schaub, HerbertHerbert schob6Bf.109E
Pingel, RolfRolf pingel6200 / -Bf.109B
Rochelle, KurtKurt rochel6
Lutzov, GuntherGünther lützow2.J / 885Bf.109BCommander 2.J / 88
Trautloft, HansHannes trautloft5He.51B , Bf.109V-3
Lipert, WolfgangWolfgang lippert5
Handrick, GotthardGotthard handrickStab./j885Bf.109B , Bf.109DCommander Jagdgruppe 88
Brownshiren, GeorgGeorg Braunshirn5
Suggar, WilhelmWilhelm szuggar5Bf.109B
Schlishting, JoachimJoachim schlichting5
von Houwald, Wolf HeinrichWolf-heinrich von houwald5

Conventions

"1.J / 88" - the first squadron of the fighter group of the Legion "Condor" (Jagdgruppe 88). The remaining squadrons were designated in the same way.
"2-G-3" is the designation of the air groups of the Spanish nationalists. The first digit is the group number, the letter G is Spanish. Grupo , the second digit indicated the type of aircraft (2 - He 51, 3 - CR.32, 5 - Bf 109 and He 112) [50] .
"8-E-3" - the designation of the squadron of Spanish nationalists. Similar to the designation of air groups, but the letter G is replaced by E: sp. Escuadrilla .
“Stab./J88” is the headquarters of the Jagdgruppe 88.

See also

  • List of Soviet tankmen who fought in Spain

Comments

  1. ↑ Gagin has the patronymic of Ivanovich.
  2. ↑ Personal and group together.

Notes

  1. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 369.
  2. ↑ 1 2 3 4 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 352.
  3. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Spain - Spanish Civil War (English) . Date of treatment July 13, 2013.
  4. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 353.
  5. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 Gagin, 2001 , p. 86-87.
  6. ↑ 1 2 3 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 333.
  7. ↑ M. Yu. Bykov. All Asa of Stalin 1936-1953 .. - Popular science publication. - M .: Yauza-press LLC, 2014. - S. 387. - 1392 p. - (Elite Air Force Encyclopedia). - 1,500 copies - ISBN 978-5-9955-0712-3 .
  8. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Abrosov, 2003 , p. fifteen.
  9. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 according to incomplete data
  10. ↑ 1 2 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 342.
  11. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 344.
  12. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 331.
  13. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 16.
  14. ↑ M. Yu. Bykov. All Asa of Stalin 1936-1953 .. - Popular science publication. - M .: Yauza-press LLC, 2014. - S. 258. - 1392 p. - (Elite Air Force Encyclopedia). - 1,500 copies - ISBN 978-5-9955-0712-3 .
  15. ↑ 1 2 3 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 347.
  16. ↑ M. Yu. Bykov. All Asa of Stalin 1936-1953 .. - Popular science publication. - M .: Yauza-press LLC, 2014. - S. 417-418. - 1392 p. - (Elite Air Force Encyclopedia). - 1,500 copies - ISBN 978-5-9955-0712-3 .
  17. ↑ 1 2 3 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 346.
  18. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 345.
  19. ↑ 1 2 3 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 336.
  20. ↑ 1 2 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 330.
  21. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 337.
  22. ↑ 1 2 3 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 348.
  23. ↑ 1 2 3 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 332.
  24. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 335.
  25. ↑ M. Yu. Bykov. All Asa of Stalin 1936-1953 .. - Popular science publication. - M .: Yauza-press LLC, 2014. - P. 400-401. - 1392 p. - (Elite Air Force Encyclopedia). - 1,500 copies - ISBN 978-5-9955-0712-3 .
  26. ↑ 1 2 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 338.
  27. ↑ Loire 46 (unopened) . Date of treatment August 3, 2013.
  28. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 341.
  29. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 351.
  30. ↑ 1 2 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 328.
  31. ↑ 1 2 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 329.
  32. ↑ 1 2 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 339.
  33. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 340.
  34. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 16, 353.
  35. ↑ 1 2 France - Spanish Civil War . Date of treatment July 11, 2013.
  36. ↑ 1 2 3 Gagin, 2001 , p. 45.
  37. ↑ 1 2 Bozidar Bosko Petrovich (English) . Date of treatment July 9, 2013.
  38. ↑ 1 2 Gagin, 2001 , p. 75.
  39. ↑ 1 2 Shingarev S.I. Volunteers of freedom // “Chatos” go on the attack. - 2nd ed .. - M .: Moscow Worker, 1986. - 287 p. - 50,000 copies.
  40. ↑ Bulgaria - Spanish Civil War . Date of treatment July 11, 2013.
  41. ↑ 1 2 3 4 Abrosov, 2003 , p. 365.
  42. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 370
  43. ↑ Zefirov M.V. Asy of World War II. Allies of the Luftwaffe. - M .: AST , 2002 .-- S. 478. - 526 p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-17-015263-9 .
  44. ↑ Zefirov M.V. Asy of World War II. Allies of the Luftwaffe. - M .: AST , 2002 .-- S. 479. - 526 p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-17-015263-9 .
  45. ↑ Pilot Officer Count Rodolphe Ghislain Charles de Hemricourt de Grunne, Belgian no. 41717, RAF no. 82158 Date of treatment August 12, 2013.
  46. ↑ Zefirov M.V. Asy of World War II. Allies of the Luftwaffe. - M .: AST , 2002 .-- S. 492-493. - 526 p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-17-015263-9 .
  47. ↑ Belgium - Spanish Civil War . Date of treatment August 12, 2013.
  48. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 417.
  49. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Italy - Spanish Civil War (English) . Date of treatment July 13, 2013.
  50. ↑ Abrosov, 2003 , p. 354.

Literature

  • Abrosov S.V. In the sky of Spain. 1936-1939 years. - 2003 .-- 432 p. - 2000 copies. - ISBN 5-08-0040-89-0 .
  • Gagin V.V. Air war in Spain (1936-1939). - 2nd ed. - Voronezh, 2001 .-- 88 p. - 2000 copies. - ISBN 5-89981-222-2 .
Source - https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List of pilots- civilians of the war_ in_Spain&oldid = 96688033


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Clever Geek | 2019