Centulle V Young ( French: Centulle V le Jeune , Basque. Zentulo V Gaztea ; assassinated in 1090 ) - Viscount Bearn since about 1058 , Count of Bigorre since 1080 , Viscount d'Ax, Senor Horta and Sali, Viscount Gaston III and son Adela.
| Century V Young | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fr. Centulle V le Jeune , Basque. Zentulo v gaztea | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Century IV Old | ||||||
| Successor | Gaston IV Crusader | ||||||
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| Together with | Beatrice I Bigorra ( 1080 - 1090 ) | ||||||
| Predecessor | Raymond II | ||||||
| Successor | Bernard III | ||||||
| By the right of the wife | |||||||
| Death | 1090 Tena Valley | ||||||
| Kind | Bearn House | ||||||
| Father | Gaston III | ||||||
| Mother | Adela | ||||||
| Spouse | 1st : Giselle (Gisla) 2nd : Beatrice I Bigorra | ||||||
| Children | sons from 1st marriage : Gaston IV Crusader from the 2nd marriage : Bernard III , Santiul II daughters from the 1st marriage : daughter | ||||||
Content
Biography
Board
The father of Santiul, Gaston III, died before his father, so that after the death of Viscount Santiul IV the Old, he was succeeded by his grandson, Santiul V. He tried to avenge the death of his grandfather, who invaded the possession of the Viscount Sul , but was trapped and killed. Fearing for his life, the viscount Sulia took refuge in Lavedan, on the border of Bigorra , where he owned vast lands. At the same time, he had to cross the territory of Bearn, to which his relative, Bishop of Oloron , helped him, as a result of which the Viscountry of Sul, which was dependent on the Viscountry of Dax , was annexed to the bishopric of Oloron [1] .
During his reign, Santiul significantly increased Bearn's independence. After the accession of Gascony to the duchy of Aquitaine, Santul formally became a vassal of the duke of Aquitaine. However, the dukes, in need of his support, handed him the Viscountry of Ax , as well as the lords of Orth and Sali , and freed him from vassal dependence. At the same time, Santul minted money in his capital Morlaas , had the right to convene knights in Bearn.
Santul was a supporter of the Gregorian reform of the Catholic Church. He began the construction of the monastery of Saint-Foix de Morla in which he established the Cluny charter , and also made numerous gifts to the church. All this provided him with the support of Pope Gregory VII .
With his first wife, Hisla, Santul divorced at the insistence of the pope due to close relationship. After which he married Beatrice I of Bigorr, who inherited the county of Bigorr in 1080 , thanks to which he added him to his possessions. Montana was also annexed, transferred by the king of Aragon as a dowry to Taleza of Aragon, who married Gaston , heir to Santul.
After the Norman raids , the city of Oloron was in ruins. Santul in 1080 decided to restore it. During his reign, the town of Saint-Marie appeared on the left bank of the Gava River, which was originally part of Oloron. Santiul rebuilt the city walls, built a bridge connecting parts of the city, and built the church of Saint-Croix. To encourage the resettlement of residents in the city, Santul proclaimed a charter in the Bearn language, giving the inhabitants of Oloron privileges broader than was accepted in other parts of Bearn. Centulle later upheld Bishop Oloron’s claim to Sul against Bishop Dax. However, the military invasion was unsuccessful, the army of Santiul in the possession of Mix was defeated by the Viscount Dax.
A more successful argument was with Sans , the Viscount of Labartes , who denied Santul the right to collect church tithes, which Santul had as Count Bigorre. Sentiul invaded the Viscount's possessions, defeated him and forced him to bring homage .
Maintaining friendly relations with the kings of Aragon , Santul took part in the Reconquista . In 1090, he led the Bearn army, which went to Aragon to help in the siege of Huesca , but was treacherously killed on the way.
After the death of Santul, his possessions were divided. Bearn went to Gaston IV , the son of Santul from his first marriage, and Bigorr to Bernard III , and his son from his second marriage to Beatrice Bigorra.
Marriage and children
1st wife: Giselle (Gisla) (divorce). Her origin is unknown, but she was in close relationship with Santule. Perhaps she was the daughter of Count Armagnac Bernard II Tumapaller . Children:
- Gaston IV Crusader (d. 1130), Viscount Bearn since 1090
- daughter husband: Barnard d'Abocav
2nd wife: from 1077 Beatrice I (d. After October 14, 1095), Countess Bigorra, daughter of Count Bigorra and Foix Bernard II and Etienet. Children:
- Bernard III (d. 1113), Earl of Bigorra since 1090
- Century II (d. 1128/1130), Earl of Bigorre since 1113
Notes
- ↑ Monlezun, Jean Justin. Histoire de la Gascogne. - Vol. 2. - P. 17-20.
Literature
- Monlezun, Jean Justin. Histoire de la Gascogne = Histoire de la Gascogne depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours. - JA Portes, 1846-1850. (Fr.) ( Russian translation )
- Tucoo-Chala Pierre. Quand l'Islam était aux portes des Pyrénées. - Biarritz: J&D Editions, 1994 .-- ISBN 2-84127-022-X .
Links
- Vicomtes de Bearn . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Date of treatment July 6, 2013.
- Bearn: Incorporación del vizcondado de Olorón (Spanish) . Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia. Date of treatment July 6, 2013.
- Bearn: En guerra con bajonavarros y suletinos (Spanish) . Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia. Date of treatment July 6, 2013.