Alfred Einstein ( him. Alfred Einstein ; December 30, 1880 , Munich - February 13, 1952 , El Cerrito , California , USA ) - German musicologist- historian, music critic, publisher [5] .
| Alfred Einstein | |
|---|---|
| Alfred einstein | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Munich , the German Empire |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | El cerrito USA |
| A country |  German Empire  Germany  USA |
| Scientific field | musicologist |
| Place of work | |
| Alma mater | Munich university |
| Known as | researcher of the life and work of V. A. Mozart |
 External images | |
|---|---|
 | Photo by Alfred Einstein |
Content
Biography
Alfred Einstein was born and raised in Munich to a Jewish family. The father, Ludwig Einstein, was co-owner of the company C. Neuburger & Einstein, Seiden- und Sammtwaren gros [6] . Regarding his relationship with Albert Einstein, the sources diverge: some call them cousins [7] [5] , others argue that the relationship between them is not established [8] .
As a child, Alfred Einstein studied violin; but at the end of the Theresia Royal Gymnasium in 1899, at the insistence of parents, entered the law faculty of the University of Munich [5] . After studying a year, Einstein parted forever with jurisprudence and devoted himself to music; studied musicology from A. Sandberger at the University of Munich, took composition lessons from A. Ber-Valbrunn at the Academy of Music [5] .
In 1903, Einstein graduated from the University of Munich with the degree of Candidate of Science, but he did not receive a docenture. He acted as a music critic in the press: in 1909–1917 he was a reviewer of the newspaper Münchener Neuesten Nachrichten, in 1918-1927 - Münchener Post [5] [6] . At the same time, in 1918–1933, he was the editor of the journal Zeitschrift für Musikwissenschaft, and in 1927–33, he was a referent of the Berliner Tageblatt [5] .
After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Einstein, being a Jew, was forced to leave Germany; he emigrated to London , then, in 1939, in the United States and in 1944 he took American citizenship. Until 1950, he was a college professor [5] .
Scientific Activities
Alfred Einstein is one of the greatest musicologists of the 20th century [5] . His monographs and numerous articles are mainly devoted to German and Italian music of the XVI - XVIII centuries ; his most famous book is about Mozart, first published in the USA in 1945 [9] , in a Russian translation published under the title “Mozart. Personality. Creativity " [5] .
The book “Italian Madrigal” ( The Italian Madrigal ) in three volumes, published by Einstein in 1949 (English translation in the same year), is considered one of the most extensive studies of the 16th century madrigal and, although recent research led to a revision of individual author's conclusions, In general, the book retains its relevance [10] .
Even in Germany, Einstein was the editor of the 9th (1919), 10th (1922) and 11th (1929) editions of the famous Musical Dictionary of Hugo Riemann (Riemann Hugo, Musiklexikon); in 1926, he reworked A. I. Hull's New Music Dictionary ( Das neue Musiklexikon, nach dem Dictionary by A. Eaglefield-Hull ), in 1937 - “Chronologically-thematic index of all the works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart” compiled by L. Koehl [5] .
Works
- Gluck ( Gluck . London, 1936)
- “Mozart. Personality. Creativity "( Mozart . His character, his work. New-York, 1945)
- The Italian Madrigal ( The Italian madrigal . Princeton, 1949)
- The History of Music ( Geschichte der Musik . Zürich - Stuttgart, 1953)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF ID : 2011 open data platform .
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Einstein Alfred // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 t.] / Ed. A.M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1969.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Lobanova M.N. Einstein A. // Musical Encyclopedia / ed. Yu. V. Keldysh . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, Soviet Composer, 1982. - Vol. 6.
- ↑ 1 2 Melina Gehring. Alfred Einstein (him) (inaccessible link) . Lexikon verfolgter Musiker und Musikerinnen der NS-Zeit (LexM) (2006). The date of circulation is July 2, 2013. Archived October 10, 2014.
- ↑ Article "Alfred Einstein", in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians , ed. Stanley Sadie. 20 vol. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1980. ISBN 1-56159-174-2
- Conc The Concise Edition of Bakers Biographical Dictionary of Musicians , 8th ed. Revised by Nicolas Slonimsky. New York, Schirmer Books, 1993. ISBN 0-02-872416-X
- ↑ Einstein A. Mozart. His character, his work. - N. Y. , 1945.
- A King AH Alfred Einstein / / The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. NY, L., 2001. In the latest edition of the Musical Dictionary of Grove , a special abbreviation EinsteinIM (vol.1, p.XIV) was introduced for this three-volume edition, due to the frequent reference to it throughout the dictionary.