The State Memorial Complex “Mednoe” was created by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 19, 1996 after signing the Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Poland on burial places and places of memory of victims of war and repression.
| Memorial Complex | |
| Memorial complex "Copper" | |
|---|---|
| A country |  Russia |
| Village | Copper |
| Project Author | M. Khazanov, , |
| Sculptor | Yu. P. Karpenko |
| Architect | N. G. Shangin , A.V. Sokolov |
| First mention | September 2, 2000 |
| Building | 1996 - 2007 |
| Status |  An object of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation of regional significance. Reg. No. 691530259860005 ( EGROKN ). (Wikigid database) |
| condition | Unfinished construction |
| Site | mk-mednoe.ru |
The memorial complex is located in the Tver region, 1 km south of the village of Yamok , which is 3 km from the village of Mednoe .
The project of the Russian part of the Copper Memorial was completed by workshop No. 4 of the Union of Architects of Russia under the leadership of M. Khazanov, and the project’s chief architect was N. Shangin. According to the project, an Alley of Memory was laid, four Russian burials were framed. In the center of the triangular ritual site is a memorial sign in the form of an embankment with a red granite cross laid out with the inscription “To compatriots who are victims of war and repression” (author - sculptor Yu. P. Karpenko, architect A. V. Sokolov).
On the left side of the Memorial complex is the Polish War Cemetery. The architectural composition includes the Kotel with a bell and 25 mass graves.
Since 2003, the memorial is a branch of the St. Petersburg Museum of Political History . Since April 2012, the Copper Memorial has been a branch of the State Central Museum of Contemporary History of Russia [1] (Moscow, the former Museum of the Revolution).
History
Information about the burial of Polish prisoners of war near Medny (captured or arrested by the NKVD troops in Poland in 1939 and held in the Ostashkov special camp) is based on the testimony of D. S. Tokarev , the former head of the NKVD in the Kalinin Region [2] [3] . According to him, during April - May 1940 there were Polish citizens (more than 6300 people, mainly police officers from the Šlenskie Voivodeship, the border prison service, soldiers and officers of the border guard corps and other military officers, chaplains, and Polish justice officials) contained in a special camp on the territory of the former Nilo-Stolobensky Monastery , were brought in parties to Tver and shot in the building of the NKVD in Kalinin (now the building of the medical academy ) [4] . The bodies of the dead were taken to the territory near the village. Copper, where already from 1937 the remains of Soviet repressed citizens rested.
In August 1991, the Main Military Prosecutor's Office, together with the Polish Prosecutor's Office, conducted excavations at this site. The remains of 243 people were discovered, more than 200 probes were carried out, and collective graves and pits were discovered in which various personal items were thrown: insignia, epaulets, orders and medals, bowlers, and other household items. Some of them were transferred to the Katyn Museum in Warsaw. A number of documents were found - notes, notes, certificates, photographs.
Many of the remains were identified, while more than 20 victims were not listed on any list [5] . Also found were shells and bullets from Walter pistols [6] , with which, according to the testimony of the firing squad, shots of captured Poles were carried out in Kalinin prison [7] .
On October 19, 1996, a government decree signed by V. Chernomyrdin “ On the creation of memorial complexes of Soviet and Polish citizens - victims of totalitarian repressions in Katyn (Smolensk region) and Mednoy (Tver region) ” was issued. On September 2, 2000, a monument to the executed Poles was unveiled, to which the relatives of the murdered people come annually that day and light candles.
The monument to the shot Soviet citizens, supposed by the project, was never erected. In 2007, funding for the construction of the memorial (80% built) was discontinued. In 2017, the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation plans to resume the construction of the Copper Memorial Complex (in 2016, the necessary design work was carried out).
March 28, 2017 announced the collection of applications for construction work. Work must be completed before the end of November 2017. According to the results of the completion of construction, the following are planned: Service block (the main building with an area of more than 1,300 sq.m., where the main permanent exhibitions, exhibitions, international events, work on the patriotic education of youth will be placed), a new avenue with epitaphs (Soviet citizens during the years of repression of 1935-1940), the gate of memory (a monumental composition at the entrance to the complex, which is two large columns with candles inside), landscaping. http://www.sberbank-ast.ru/purchaseview.aspx?id=4803270
Until June 11, 2019, a fundraising campaign was announced on the Planeta.ru crowdfunding platform to publish a prepared book dedicated to 6,295 victims of the Katyn crime, “Killed in Kalinin , buried in Medny. A book in memory of Polish prisoners of war held in the Ostashkovsky camp of the NKVD of the USSR, executed by decision of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of March 5, 1940 ” [8] [9] .
See also
- Ostashkovsky camp
- Starobelsky camp
Notes
- ↑ Memorial complex "Copper" // www.sovrhistory.ru. - Date of treatment: 03/07/2019.
- ↑ Testimony of D. S. Tokarev (reverse translation from Polish, made using an electronic translator).
- ↑ Dmitry Volchek. Leather executioners aprons. Confessions of a KGB major general . www.svoboda.org (March 23, 2019). Date of appeal March 25, 2019.
- ↑ Marina Shandarova. When will the NKVD cellars be opened in Tver? (Russian) // MK in Tver. - 2017 .-- March 2.
- ↑ I. S. Yazhborovskaya, A. Yu. Yablokov, BC Parsadanova Katyn syndrome in Soviet-Polish and Russian-Polish relations M., 2001 ISBN 5-8243-0197-2 Ch. 6
- ↑ Doctor of History Julia Kantor. Neither operational interest, nor historical value " //" Vremya Novostei ", 10/04/2007
- ↑ N. S. Lebedeva The Fourth Section of Poland and the Katyn Tragedy Archived on May 17, 2011. Natalia Sergeyevna Lebedeva - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Institute of General History of the Russian Academy of Sciences [1]
- ↑ The book of memory "Copper" . planeta.ru (March 5, 2019). Date of treatment April 8, 2019.
- ↑ Oleg Khlebnikov. Blue ground . novayagazeta.ru (March 5, 2019). Date of treatment April 8, 2019.
Links
- Copper: the memorial is open
- Literary map of the Tver region (Museum State Memorial Complex "Mednoe") . litmap.tvercult.ru. Date of treatment March 26, 2019. Archived on August 7, 2018.
- Page of the State Memorial Complex "Copper" in the database of the Virtual Museum of the Gulag
- Doctor of History Julia Kantor . “Neither operational interest, nor historical value . ” The state memorial complex "Copper" was left without funding . www.vremya.ru . “News Time” (October 4, 2007) .
- Igor Mangazeev. Copper: memorial and military cemetery . “The Evening of Tver” (September 5, 2006). Date of treatment March 26, 2019. Archived May 5, 2008.
- An article about the burial in the Medny in the “Evening of Tver”
- Catholic and Orthodox priests came to Mednoye to pray for the dead. Video 2010
- Vladimir Voronov. The executioner in a leather apron // Top Secret, No. 3 (250), 2010.
- Petition to the State Duma of the Russian Federation on the closure of the memorial.
- Myths of the Copper.