Paraskeva Flax

Russian Flax, Flax bride, Scaffolds ^[2] , Indian patroness, Paraskeva Friday, Pyatina, Petna, Kozmodemyanskaya Friday, Great mother of all living things, Mother-cheese Earth , Makosha Day, Praskovya-Temnaya Day, Paraskeva Flaxseed, Praskovye-flaxseed, Nenilny, ^[2] ; Belor. Piglet, Makosha, Chernivka ^[2] .

Paraskeva-Pyatnitsa prayed under various painful conditions, for patronage of the family hearth, in conjugal infertility, for worthy grooms and brides, and also for the health of infants. Rev. Job, Abbot Pochaevsky was prayed for with various ailments. St. Demetrius, Metropolitan of Rostov, was prayed for healing from chest disease, for the enlightenment of the mind, for teaching spiritual literacy, for help in difficult teaching, for intercession for widows and orphans, for compassion for the poor and defenseless, for help in poverty and need ^[3]

October 14 and 28 according to Art. style - the dates of the Christian saint Paraskeva, which overshadowed the archaic cult of Mokos ^[4] . If October 14 - the day of St. Paraskeva falls on Friday, then it is called Paraskeva-Friday ^[5] .

According to Bulgarian legends, “the light of Petka-Parashkev” wears a radiant wreath on his head, very kind and willingly helps women in their homework; On April 28, the old women left her bread and a painted egg in her yard, with the full conviction that she would come at night and eat both; and on October 28, bread, wine and honey are removed from all houses and after the liturgy they celebrate St. Friday ^[6] .

The Slavs are considered the patroness of the feminine, the protector of women and girls. From ancient times she was asked to give easy birth and healthy children. Makosh was considered, in addition to all of the above, and the patroness of trade. Trading day in Russia from time immemorial was Friday ^[7] . The special “ Friday calendar ”, which indicates twelve public holidays and a special Friday week ^{[8], also} testifies to respect for Makoshi.

On October 28 (according to the old style), when the memory of St. Paraskeva is honored, the villagers put different fruits under her icon and store them until next year ^[9] . Peasant women crumple a new flax and bring the “first” to the church. Paraskeva is associated with a rope-amulet made of wool and tied to the right wrist ^[10] .

To this day, in many places, the beginning of crushing and flaxing was timed. Pervina - the first tattered bundle of flax - women consecrated in the church and attached to the icon of St. Paraskeva ^[11] .

On this day, women are strictly forbidden to spin fabric, wash, as well as swim and bathe children. It is believed that Friday could severely punish violators of the prohibitions. To send diseases, tear the canvas or confuse the threads on the spindle ^[12] .

• On Paraskovia-flax, the flax begins to crumple and ruffle ^[13] .
• There will be a lot of flax and a fiber will be ^[14] .
• Paraskeva-Friday - a female patroness, a peasant defender ^[15] .
• You cannot spin on Friday, but you can sew ^[14] .
• He who laughs a lot on Friday will cry a lot in old age ^[16] .

• Paraskeva Gryaznikh
• Mokosh
• Friday calendar

1. Afanasyev A.N. Poetic views of the Slavs on nature. - M .: Modern writer, 1995. - T. 1. - 1221 p. - ISBN 5857591420 .
2. Grushko, E.A. , Medvedev Yu.M. Dictionary of names: Textbook. allowance for Russian language., literature, history in secondary school, colleges, gymnasiums and universities. - Nizhny Novgorod: Russian merchant, 1996 .-- 655 p. - ISBN 5-88204-040-X .
3. Golden rules of folk culture / O. V. Kotovich, I. I. Kruk. - Mn. : Adukatsiya i vykhavanne, 2010 .-- 592 p. - 3000 copies. - ISBN 978-985-471-335-9 .
4. Corinthian A.A. October-nazimnik // People’s Russia: All year round of legends, beliefs, customs and proverbs of the Russian people . - M .: Edition of the bookseller M.V. Klyukin, 1901. - S. 416-425.
5. Lavrentieva L. S., Smirnov Yu. I. Culture of the Russian people: customs, rites, occupations, folklore. - SPb. : Parity, 2004 .-- 445 p. - ISBN 5-93437-117-7 .
6. Madelevskaya E. L. Paraskeva // Russian mythology. Encyclopedia. - Eksmo, Midgard, 2005. - S. 745–746. - 784 p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-699-13535-6 .
7. Maksimov S.V. Twelve Fridays // Unclean, Unknown and Religious Power . - SPb. : Partnership R. Golike and A. Vilvorg, 1903. - S. 514.
8. Propp V. Ya. Russian agrarian holidays . - SPb. : Terra - Alphabet, 1995 .-- 176 p. - ISBN 5-300-00114-7 .
9. Paraskeva Friday / Levkievskaya E.E., Tolstaya S.M. // Slavic antiquities : Ethnolinguistic dictionary: in 5 volumes / under the general. ed. N. I. Tolstoy ; Institute of Slavic Studies RAS . - M .: Int. Relations , 2009. - T. 4: P (Crossing the water) - C (Sieve). - S. 631-633. - ISBN 5-7133-0703-4 , 978-5-7133-1312-8.
10. Nevsky A. A. Weekdays and holidays of old Russia: old-fashioned calendar. - L .: State. Museum of the History of Religion, 1990. - 106 p.
11. Nekrylova A.F. Russian traditional calendar: for every day and for every home. - SPb. : ABC classic, 2007 .-- 765 p. - ISBN 5352021408 .
12. Rybakov B.A. Paganism of the ancient Slavs . - M .: Nauka , 1994 .-- 608 p. - 15,000 copies. - ISBN 5-02-009585-0 .
13. Tolstaya S. M. Polessky folk calendar. - M .: Indrik, 2005 .-- 600 p. - ( Traditional spiritual culture of the Slavs . Modern research). - ISBN 5-85759-300-X .
14. Len / Usacheva V.V. // Slavic antiquities : Ethnolinguistic dictionary: in 5 volumes / under the general. ed. N. I. Tolstoy ; Institute of Slavic Studies RAS . - M .: Int. Relations , 2004. - T. 3: K (Circle) - P (Quail). - S. 91–96. - ISBN 5-7133-1207-0 .
15. Usov V.V. Russian folk Orthodox calendar. - M .: Publishing House of SMEs, 1997. - T. 2. - 576 p. - ISBN 5-7578-0028-3 .
16. Chicherov V.I. Winter period of the Russian folk agricultural calendar of the 16th - 19th centuries . - M .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1957. - 237 p.

• October 28 in the Orthodox calendar (pravoslavie.ru)