Ermolin, Stepan Ivanovich (writer)

Stepan Ivanovich Ermolin was born on April 24, 1914 in the old village of Chasovo , located on the picturesque bank of the Vychegda River , Ust-Sysolsky Uyezd in the Vologda Province (currently Syktyvdinsky District , Komi Republic ) into a poor peasant family with seven children - four sons and three daughters.

As a child, Stepan played the balalaika well, participated in skits in amateur performances, recited poems, drew humorous pictures, and friendly cartoons well. He graduated from elementary school in two years - he went immediately to the second grade, and then, bypassing the third grade, went to the fourth. Then there was the school of peasant youth, in 1930 renamed the school of collective farm youth.

In March 1931, S.I. Ermolin entered short-term acting courses at the Komi instructive-mobile demonstration theater (KIPPT) in Syktyvkar , graduated with honors in all subjects, and from that moment his life was firmly connected with the Komi theater.

Since 1931, for four years, Ermolin traveled all over the Komi region as part of a mobile showroom - from village to village, visiting the most remote corners of the region, making a significant contribution to the cultural life of the Komi people and developing it.

During this period (1931-1935) he wrote more than a thousand different verses and ditties, issued many wall newspapers in which he was an editor. In those same years, in the journal “Path” (“ Ordym ”), which played a large role in the development of Komi literature, the first poems by S. I. Ermolin were published, in which he used local folklore, investing new Soviet content in ancient ditties and songs. These were quite professional poems.

Since 1932, S. I. Ermolin worked as the director of the theater’s touring team.

In 1934 he was accepted immediately to the 3rd year of the Leningrad Theater School .

On August 30, 1936, the stationary professional Komi Drama Theater opened. The theater’s repertoire also included all the graduate works of S. I. Yermolin prepared in Leningrad .

Since the opening in the first year alone (1936-1937), the theater has shown about 170 performances, many of which were with the participation of Stepan Ermolin. Performances were in both Russian and Komi languages.

In 1938, S.I. Yermolin's path began as a playwright .

In 1939, Yermolin became a member of the Union of Writers of the USSR .

In the 30s. Komi literature is achieving new successes. Writers respond to events in the country, the stages of growth and development of the republic are captured in their books. Writers of the older and younger generations work fruitfully in poetry. This time was marked by the appearance in the Komi literature of large prosaic forms. Drama in these years is represented mainly by the names of S. I. Ermolin and N. M. Dyakonov .

During the Great Patriotic War, a large detachment of Komi writers went to the front. S.I. Yermolin, V.V. Yukhnin , N.M. Dyakonov performed on the stage with plays about the war and about workers on the home front. In 1943, the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Komi ASSR S. I. Ermolin was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the Komi ASSR, and in 1945 - the title of People's Artist of the Komi ASSR, then, in 1945, S. I. Ermolin was awarded the Medal of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR “For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.”

In 1956, S. I. Ermolin was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for great labor services to the Soviet state and society in the field of culture, literature and art.

In 1948, the Komi branch of the Union of Theater Workers of the RSFSR was created, the first chairman of which was S. I. Ermolin.

So the biography of S. I. Ermolin is closely intertwined with the beginning of the history of the Komi National Theater and the beginning of the glorious theatrical culture of the Komi people. The entire creative life of S. I. Ermolin, an actor and playwright, contributed to the development of national theater art and, along with the creative life of other enthusiasts and associates, laid the foundation for the Komi Republican Drama Theater.

May 20, 1961 during the premiere of the play "The Lost Son" in the psychological drama of A. N. Arbuzov , the artist's heart stopped beating. The very name of the performance became deeply symbolic. The Komi Theater lost one of its best actors, and the Komi Land lost one of its best sons. The death of his beloved artist on stage made him a legend.

In 2004 - the year of the 90th anniversary of S. I. Ermolin - a memorial plaque was erected at the Ugor Hotel in Syktyvkar. At this place, at ul. Gorky, 3, was the house in which S. I. Ermolin lived.

In 2007, in order to perpetuate his memory, the Republican Theater Competition was established, and a public prize named after him in the field of theatrical art “Zarnikodzuv” (“Golden Star”) was established. The prize was established by the ConsultantPlusKomi company (the leader is his son Vladimir Stepanovich Ermolin) and is awarded to actors of the Komi Republic for their significant contribution to the development of theatrical art and the popularization of dramatic works.

On April 24, 2009, a jubilee evening was held on the stage of the National Music and Drama Theater , dedicated to the 95th anniversary of the birth of S. I. Ermolin. Specially for this evening, a theatrical performance was prepared based on the play by A. V. Popov “ The Ballad of a Burnt Artist ”. This event is a continuation of the biography of an outstanding artist whose work is immortal.

During his creative life, S. I. Ermolin played more than one hundred and fifty roles.

Among them:

• Miller in the " Cunning and Love " by F. Schiller ,
• Osip in the " Examiner " N.V. Gogol ,
• Fried eggs in the " Marriage " N.V. Gogol ,
• Vasily Motylkov in the " Glory " of V. M. Gusev ,
• Ishin in the " Earth " N. Wirth ,
• Karaulov in " Alien Child " by V.V. Shkvarkin ,
• Tsarev in the play “ A Soldier was Walking from the Front ” by V.P.
• Spy Keller in the “ Confrontation ” of the brothers Tour and L. R. Sheinin ,
• Pantalone in “The Servant of Two Masters ” Carlo Goldoni ,
• Vasily in the play “ Lenin in 1918 ” by A. Ya. Kapler and T. S. Zlatogorova ,
• Shadrin in “ Man with a Gun ” by N. F. Pogodin ,
• Safonov in the " Russian people " K. M. Simonov ,
• Miron Gorlov in the " Front " by A. E. Korneichuk ,
• Talanov in the " Invasion " of L. M. Leonov ,
• Ivan Kolomiytsev in The Last , by M. Gorky ,
• Shulga in the " Young Guard " by A. A. Fadeev and many others.

Many roles were played in national plays by Komi playwrights:

• Miron in the " Border " of N. A. Zabolotsky ,
• Sage in the " Golden Word " by V. V. Yukhnin ,
• Hunter Nestor in the play " In the Foothills of the Timan " G. A. Fedorov ,
• In plays written in collaboration with N. M. Dyakonov :

1. Egor in the Deep Zani
2. Petra in the Ravens ,
3. Colonel Witkowski in the Ust-Kulom Uprising ,
4. Zarni Alexei in the play " During the War " and others.

CM. Popova in her book “The Pages of the History of the Komi Theater” recalls S. I. Ermolin: “Stepan Ermolin, the master of unforgettable stage portraits, never once allowed to repeat the appearance of this or that hero, always going from the external to the internal, combining mind with intuition . "

Theater critics and specialists in the field of theatrical art praised the acting talent of S. I. Ermolin. Various publications speak of him as a master of the theatrical scene, a master of transformation, a master of makeup. Preserved historical photographs also speak of this.

S. I. Ermolin himself considered the most significant work to be the role of Shadrin in "The Man with the Gun . " This performance was a great event for the entire theater collective of that time, since it was the first time that the images of historical figures - V. I. Lenin and I. V. Stalin - were embodied in the Komi theater.

In the last years of his life, S. I. Ermolin played Makar Dubrava in the play by A. E. Korneychuk , Timofei Ilyich Tutarinov in the “Cavalier of the Golden Star” by S. P. Babaevsky , Semyon Pirogov in “Wedding with a Dowry” by N. M. Dyakonov , the priest Peacock in "Yegor Bulychov" M. Gorky .

S. Yermolin took up dramaturgy shortly after returning from studies in Leningrad. Then he began to write poems, poems, ditties.

Since 1938, six plays have been co-authored with N. M. Dyakonov: “The Deep Pant ”, “ Crows ”, “ Courage ”, “ Domna Kalikova ”, “ During the War ”, “ Ust-Kulomsky Uprising ” (drama).

Later, S. I. Ermolin independently wrote the plays “ Young Patriots ” and “ New Shoots ”. In addition to multi-act plays, two one-act plays have been written: “ He Has Not Returned to His Base ” and “ The Last Operation ”. All these plays were staged on the stage of the Komi Republican Theater.

According to critics, a special achievement in the work of S. I. Ermolin as a playwright is a musical play in the poems “ Ust-Kulomsky Uprising ”. In 1942, at the height of World War II, the Komi language was first staged at the Komi Theater.

S. I. Ermolin also worked a lot on translating Russian plays into the Komi language. He translated “ Profitable Place ” by A.N Ostrovsky , “ In the White World ” by P. F. Nilin , “ Big Fate ” by A. A. Surov , “ Tale of the Truth ” M. I. Aliger , “ Hot Summer ” by F. T Kravchenko and E. Rogozinskaya, as well as a series of one-act plays for amateur performances.

• Dzhujyd Zapan (Deep Zapan) (Drama in 3 d., 9 paintings.) - Syktyvkar: Komigiz, 1940 (region 1939), - 60lb. (co-authored with N. M. Dyakonov)
• Karnyshyas (Crows) (Drama in 3 d., 9 cards); // Drummer - 1939 N 5 c. 37-64 (in collaboration with N. M. Dyakonov)
• Courage: Kuimserpas drama ( Chelyadyasly ) - Syktyvkar: Komigiz, 1940, - 32s. (co-authored with N. M. Dyakonov)
• Domna Kalikova (Drama in 4 d. 8 cards.) - Syktyvkar: Komigosizdat, 1944, - 54.- (in collaboration with N. M. Dyakonov)
• Ust-Kulomsky Uprising (Drama) (in collaboration with N. M. Dyakonov)
• Ust-Kulom uprising]] (Musical play in verse), 1942
• In the days of the war (in collaboration with N. M. Dyakonov)
• Young Patriots (Piece), 1945
• Didn't return to his base (One-act play)
• Last Operation (One Act Play)
• New shoots (A play on the theme of collective farm life), 1949

• In 1943 he was awarded the title of Honored Artist.
• In 1945 he was awarded the title of People's Artist of the Komi ASSR .
• In 1951 he was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR .
• In 1945 he was awarded the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."
• In 1956 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor .

• GU RK "National Archive of the RK", f. 1324, 72 d., 1894-1962. [Electronic resource] / Access mode: https://web.archive.org/web/20131015012717/http://www.rusarchives.ru/guide/lf_sz/archive2.shtml
• Udoratina, M. A. Calling - Theater / M. A. Udoratina. - Syktyvkar: Komi Republican Printing House, 2010. - 88 p.
• People of the Komi Theater. On the 20th anniversary of stage art in the Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic / - Syktyvkar: Komi State Publishing House, 1951. - pp. 43-50.
• National Library of the Republic of Kazakhstan / Cultural map of the Komi Republic [Electronic resource] / Access mode: http://www.nbrkomi.ru/kk/base/raiony/syktyvdin/literatura
• Brief Literary Encyclopedia (CLE) in 9 volumes / - Moscow: Sovetskaya Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1962-1978. T.1-9 (T. 3, p. 685 - Articles: A.A. Vezhev, A.K. Mikushev).
• Popova, S. M. Pages of the History of the Komi Theater / S. M. Popova - Syktyvkar: Komi Book Publishing House, 1965.- 95 p.
• Website dedicated to Stepan Ivanovich Ermolin [Electronic resource] / Access mode: http://www.sermolin.ru/
• Project page Outstanding personalities of Finno-Ugric and Samoyed peoples (Name of the Finno-Ugric world), which was held on the basis of the Finugor-Ugric peoples Information Center FINUGOR.RU from May 16 to December 7, 2011 [Electronic resource] / Access mode: https: / /web.archive.org/web/20130223033800/http://finugor.ru/leaders/candidate/20828
• Smirnova, E. In memory of a great artist / Elena Smirnova - Newspaper "Red Banner", No. 55-56 (25211-25212), Thursday, April 30, 2009

• Brief biography of S.I. Ermolin .
• S. I. Ermolin - winner of the project “The Name of the Finno-Ugric World” in the nomination “Man of Business”
• Books about the history of the Komi theater .
• Books about the Komi Theater on the site dedicated to S. I. Ermolin .
• N. M. Dyakonov - co-author of plays written jointly with S. I. Ermolin .
• Autobiographical memoirs of S. I. Ermolin .
• S. I. Ermolin as the Komi-hunter Nestor in the play “In the Taiga” by G. A. Fedorov .
• At the origins of the Komi Theater. The first Komi play “Yzhid Myzh” was written and directed by Victor Savin 02/14/1919. (1919-1929) .
• At the origins of the professional Komi theater (1930-1945) .
• The book "People of the Komi Theater." On the 20th anniversary of the creation of the stage art of the Komi ASSR. .