Anna Marly ( French Anna Marly , full name Anna Yuryevna Smirnova-Marly , at birth Betulinskaya ; October 30, 1917 , Petrograd - February 15, 2006 , Palmer , Alaska ) - French singer and songwriter. She became known after writing the "Song of the Partisans" , which became the unofficial anthem of the French Resistance during World War II .
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Biography
Anna Yuryevna Betulinskaya was born into a Russian noble family in Petrograd during the October Revolution . Her father, Yuri Betulinsky, belonged to a noble family , in connection with which were Mikhail Lermontov , Nikolai Berdyaev and Peter Stolypin . Her mother, Maria Mikhailovna Alferaki , came from a Greek - Russian noble family living in Taganrog , in the Alferaki Palace . In 1918, Yuri Betulinsky was arrested and shot, when Anna was not even a year old. The remaining family members: Maria Mikhailovna Betulinskaya, with a nanny and two daughters, were forced to leave Russia , having crossed the Finnish border and after some time ended up in Menton , France .
In her youth, Anna Betulinskaya danced in ballet in Monte Carlo . At the same time, she took lessons from the Russian composer Sergei Prokofiev . At the age of 17, she began performing in the Paris cabaret "Scheherazade", then she took the pseudonym "Marley", accidentally selected by her from the phone book, because the name "Betulinsky" is too difficult to pronounce for the French .
In 1937, in Paris, at the Miss Russia beauty pageant , the jury of which included Serge Lifar , V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko , K. A. Korovin , N. A. Taffy , Anna received the title of “Vice Miss Russia” .
After the Nazi occupation of France in 1940, Marley, together with his Dutch husband, went to London. In 1943, a prominent figure in the French Resistance, Emmanuel d'Astier de La Vigerie, during his visit to London, heard the "Partisan Song" performed by Anna Marly in Russian . He asked the writers Joseph Kessel and his nephew Maurice Druon , who came with him, to compose the French lyrics. The “Partisan Song” became the anthem of the French Resistance both in France itself and in Britain . The "Partisan Song" reached such popularity that at the end of the war it was proposed to be made the national anthem of France. However, laurels for writing the song went to Kessel and Druon, the authorship of the original text was recognized for Marley only a few years later.
| You turned your talent into a weapon for France.General Charles de Gaulle |
Towards the end of the war, Marley joined the Entertainments National Service Association, she performed her songs in front of the Allied soldiers throughout England . Marley divorced her husband and soon married a Russian emigrant, metallurgical engineer Yuri Alexandrovich Smirnov, whom she met in South America, then they moved to the United States and, in the end, received American citizenship .
In recognition of the importance of “Partisan Songs”, in 1985 , during the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the liberation of France, Marly was awarded the Legion of Honor .
In addition to “Partisan Songs,” Anna Marly is the author of more than 300 songs, including “Une chanson a trois temps”, performed by Edith Piaf , “Partisan Confession” (La Complainte du partisan), which was sung in in particular, Joan Baez and Leonard Cohen .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Find a Grave - 1995. - ed. size: 165000000
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 1033515000 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/15550408
Links
- Site about Anna Marley
- Russian National Glory Center - Russian Muse of the French Resistance - Anna Marly
Literature
- Anna Marly. Mémoires. - Paris: Tallandier, 2000 ISBN 2-235-02279-0