Cosmos-320 ( DS-MO No. 2) is a Soviet research satellite of the Cosmos series of spacecraft of the DS-MO type, launched in 1970 for remote sensing of the Earth , the study of the Earth’s atmosphere and the development of an aerodynamic orientation system.
| Cosmos-320 | |
|---|---|
| " DS-MO " No. 2 | |
| Customer | IFZRAN |
| Manufacturer |  OKB-586 |
| Operator | USSR Ministry of Defense |
| Tasks | Remote sensing , atmospheric research, development of an aerodynamic orientation system |
| Satellite | Satellite |
| Launch pad | Kapustin Yar , Mayak-2 Playground |
| Carrier rocket | 63С1 Cosmos-2 |
| Launch | January 16, 1970 11:00:00 UTC |
| Descent from orbit | February 10, 1970 |
| NSSDC ID | 1970-005A |
| SCN | 04301 |
| Specifications | |
| Platform | " DS-MO " |
| Weight | 321 kg |
| Dimensions | 6.5 x 1.2 m [1] |
| Power supplies | Chemical batteries |
| Orientation | To Earth and speed vector |
| Active life | ten |
| Orbit elements | |
| Orbit type | DOE |
| Eccentricity | 0,00764 |
| Mood | 48.5 ° |
| Period of treatment | 90 minutes |
| Apocenter | 342 km |
| Pericenter | 240 km |
| Target equipment | |
| Topaz-25-M | television equipment |
| Actin-1 | actinometric equipment [1] |
| “TFA-3A”, “TFA-3B” | telephotometers [1] |
| RIM-901 | pressure gauge [1] |
| RB-21, RV-2P | Instruments for measuring solar radiation [1] |
| Project site | |
Content
Creation History
In December 1959, the Interdepartmental Scientific and Technical Council for Space Research was created at the USSR Academy of Sciences , headed by Academician M.V. Keldysh , which is charged with developing thematic plans for the creation of spacecraft, issuing key thematic tasks, and coordinating research work and the development of the upper atmosphere and outer space, the preparation of questions of the organization of international cooperation in space research. [2]
The member of the Presidium of the Interdepartmental Scientific and Technical Council for Space Research is approved by MK K. Yangel . In the field of applied tasks of carrying out such work, NII-4 of the USSR Ministry of Defense was entrusted. [2]
In 1962, the spacecraft “ DS-A1 ”, “ DS-P1 ”, “ DS-MT ” and “ DS-MG ” were included in the second-phase launch program of the “ 63C1 ” launch vehicle . [3]
Design Features
The scientific hardware complex of the Cosmos-320 spacecraft included:
- television equipment "Topaz-25-M" - shooting and transmission of television images to ground stations;
- actinometric equipment "Actin-1" consisting of:
- - tele photometers TF-3A and TF-3B - measuring the angular distribution of the energy brightness of the outgoing short-wave radiation in the visible , near UV and infrared parts of the spectrum;
- - SA-2 spectrum analyzer - measuring the long-wave radiation of the Earth in the spectral range of 8-12 microns;
- - RB-21 and RV-2P devices - measurement of reflected solar radiation and Earth's own radiation and atmosphere;
- - RIM-901 manometer - measurement and analysis of the flow of neutral molecules (on the spacecraft No. 2).
- - SA-2 spectrum analyzer - measuring the long-wave radiation of the Earth in the spectral range of 8-12 microns;
Cosmos-320 spacecraft flight program
Assignment
The scientific tasks of the spacecraft were:
- study of changes in the radiation balance of the Earth and its atmosphere in the visible , near ultraviolet and infrared regions of the spectrum
- obtaining images of the Earth’s cloud cover and underlying surface in order to determine the parameters of the atmospheric conditions and cloud cover
- determination of the temperature of the underlying surface of the Earth
- determining the height of the upper boundary of the clouds
- obtaining a map of the distribution of ozone and water vapor in the atmosphere.
An important technological task of the apparatus was to test and analyze the operation of systems and structures of aerodynamic orientation and aerogyroscopic stabilization.
The experimental director was the Institute of Earth Physics (now the O. I. Schmidt Institute of Earth Physics ).
Run
The Cosmos-320 spacecraft was launched on January 16, 1970, with the launch vehicle 63C1 from the launch pad Mayak-2 of the Kapustin Yar Cosmodrome. [four]
Experiment Results
The satellite worked until February 10, 1970 .
As a result of the experiments, a comprehensive program was carried out to study the solar radiation reflected from the Earth in the visible , ultraviolet and infrared parts of the spectrum, as well as the Earth's own radiation in the infrared range.
Methods were developed for determining some parameters of the atmosphere , cloud cover and the earth's surface, which were recommended for practical use in meteorology .
Successfully developed aerodynamic orientation and aerogiroscopic stabilization.
Also, for the first time, reception of telemetric information, in particular, a television image of the Earth transmitted from the satellite by Topaz-25-M equipment, was carried out directly in OKB-586 in a laboratory specially created for these purposes.
See also
- Cosmos (spacecraft)
- Dnepropetrovsk satellite
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Rockets and spacecraft of the Design Bureau "Southern", 2001 , p. 116.
- ↑ 1 2 Rockets and spacecraft of the Design Bureau "Southern", 2001 , p. 109.
- ↑ Rockets and spacecraft of the Design Bureau "Southern", 2001 , p. 110.
- ↑ NSSDC Master Catalog Search .
Literature
- Rockets and spacecraft Design Bureau "Southern" / Under the total. ed. S. N. Konyukhova . - Dnepropetrovsk: LLC “Kolograf”, LLC RA “Tandem-U”, 2001. - T. 1. - 240 p. - 1100 copies. - ISBN 966-7482-00-6 .
- Zaitsev Yu. I. Satellites "Space" . - M .: Nauka , 1975. - (Problems of science and technological progress). - 38,000 copies.
Articles
- V. Agapov. By the launch of the first satellite of the DS series // Cosmonautics News: journal. - M .: Videocosmos, 1997.- T. 7 , no. March 10-23 , No. 6/147 . Archived February 2, 2014.
- Marchenko Marina. Satellites of the Cosmos series // Technology of Youth: Journal. - M. , 1979. - No. 12 . - S. 40-41 .
Links
- NSSDC Master Catalog Search . NSSDC Master Catalog Search. Date of treatment May 3, 2013. Archived May 23, 2013.