Maria Dalle Donne ( Italian: Maria Dalle Donne ; July 12, 1778 , Roncastaldo - June 9, 1842 , Bologna ) - Italian doctor, director of the University of Bologna . She was the first woman to receive a doctorate in medicine, and the second to become a member of the Ordine de Benedettini Academici Pensionati .
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Maria was born into a peasant family in a village near Bologna. Her talent was recognized early, and she was invited to study medicine at the University of Bologna. In 1799, she presented her dissertation, which made her the first woman with a doctorate in medicine. She passed the exam with honors ( lat. Maxima cum laude , “with maximum honor”).
In 1800, Maria published three scientific works. The first, devoted to anatomy and physiology , included a review and comments on previously done work on the female reproductive system , fetal malformations and blood circulation in the uterus. In the second document, for the first time, it was proposed to classify diseases based on symptoms. The third work focused on obstetrics and caring for newborns.
In 1829, Dal Donna became the second woman, after Laura Bassi , introduced to the prestigious Ordine de Benedettini Academici Pensionati , in which she was awarded the title of Academician. In 1832, Maria became director of the Department of Obstetrics at the University of Bologna.
Literature
- The 18th century women scientists of Bologna
- Miriam Focaccia (a cura di), Dizionario biografico delle scienziate italiane (secoli 18.-20.), Pendragon, 2012, Vol. 1. ISBN 978-88-659-8104-7
- Serena Bersani, 101 Donne che hanno fatto grande Bologna, Newton Compton editori, 2012. ISBN 978-88-541-3641-0