Cosmos-53 ( DS-A1 No. 5) is a Soviet research satellite of the Cosmos series of spacecraft of the DS-A1 type, launched to study the level of natural radiation background in near-Earth space [1] .
| Cosmos 53 | |
|---|---|
| " DS-A1 " No. 2 | |
| Customer | IZMIRAN , SINP MSU , IPG |
| Manufacturer |  OKB-586 |
| Operator | USSR Ministry of Defense |
| Tasks | study of the level of natural radiation background in near-Earth space [1] |
| Satellite | Satellite |
| Launch pad | Kapustin Yar , Mayak-2 Playground |
| Launch vehicle | 63С1 Cosmos-2 |
| Launch | June 1, 1965 09:36:00 UTC |
| Descent from orbit | August 12, 1966 |
| NSSDC ID | 1965-006A |
| SCN | 00983 |
| Specifications | |
| Platform | " DS-A1 " |
| Weight | 220 kg |
| Dimensions | 0.8 x 0.8 m [2] |
| Power supplies | Chemical batteries |
| The term of active existence | 8 |
| Elements of the orbit | |
| Orbit type | DOE |
| Eccentricity | 0,06792 |
| Mood | 48.8 ° |
| Circulation period | 98.7 minutes |
| Apocenter | 1180 km |
| Pericenter | 218 km |
| Target equipment | |
| LZ | detection and investigation of photonic packets |
| KS-21 | study of the spectrum of ionizing radiation |
| "Albatross" | research of ionizing radiation |
| ICD-62 | neutron counter |
| "Lighthouse-02" E-177-2 | dual frequency radio transmitter |
| Project site | |
The spacecraft of the DS-A1 series were a type of dual-purpose satellites developed in OKB-586 (now called Yuzhny Design Bureau ).
In addition to this satellite, 3 more spacecraft ( Cosmos-11 , Cosmos-17 and Cosmos-70 ) were launched and three more launches (two in 1963 and one in 1965) were unsuccessful.
Content
- 1 History of creation
- 2 Design Features
- 2.1 Launch
- 2.2 Purpose of flight
- 2.3 Experiment Results
- 3 See also
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
- 6 References
Creation History
In December 1959, the Interdepartmental Scientific and Technical Council for Space Research was created at the USSR Academy of Sciences , headed by Academician M.V. Keldysh , which is charged with developing thematic plans for the creation of spacecraft, issuing key thematic tasks, and coordinating research work and the development of the upper layers of the atmosphere and outer space, the preparation of the organization of international cooperation in space research [3] .
The member of the Presidium of the Interdepartmental Scientific and Technical Council for Space Research is approved by MK K. Yangel . In the field of applied tasks for carrying out such work, NII-4 of the USSR Ministry of Defense was entrusted [3] .
In 1962, the spacecraft “ DS-A1 ”, “ DS-P1 ”, “ DS-MT ” and “ DS-MG ” [4] were included in the program of the second stage of launches of the 63C1 launch vehicle .
Design Features
The scientific hardware complex of the Cosmos-53 spacecraft included:
- LZ complex for the detection and investigation of photonic packets consisting of:
- - LZ-1 wide -wave gamma radiation intensimeter
- - X-ray intensimeter LZ-3R
- - counter of photon packets of the Geiger type LZ-3
- - counter of photon packets by energy levels LZ-4
- - X-ray intensimeter LZ-3R
- KS-21 equipment for studying the composition and energy spectrum of ionizing radiation in the radiation belts of the Earth, consisting of:
- - device NF
- - VNF device
- Complex "Albatross" for the study of ionizing radiation , consisting of:
- - RIG-01 radiometer
- - gamma- spectrometer RIG-104
- - gamma spectrometer RIG-105
- - RIG-404 neutron radiometer
- - beta spectrometer RIG-202
- - gamma- spectrometer RIG-104
- IKD-62 neutron counter for detecting neutron fluxes in a wide energy range.
Spacecraft with serial numbers 5, 6 and 7 were manufactured at Perm Engineering Plant named after Lenin on technical documentation and with the involvement of engineers OKB-586.
Launch
The Cosmos-53 spacecraft was launched on January 30, 1965 by the 63C1 launch vehicle from the 2nd launcher of the Mayak-2 launch pad (No. 86) of the Kapustin Yar Cosmodrome [5] .
Purpose of Flight
The organizer of the experiments on the study of the ionosphere are:
- Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation, USSR Academy of Sciences (now - IZMIRAN );
- Institute of Applied Geophysics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR (now the Institute of Applied Geophysics named after Academician E.K. Fedorov;
- Institute of Physics of the Earth (now the Institute of Physics of the Earth named after O. Yu. Schmidt );
- SINP MSU [1] .
The tasks of the spacecraft were:
- study of the level of natural radiation background in near-Earth space
- study of radiation arising from nuclear explosions at high altitudes
- development of methods and means for detecting high-altitude nuclear explosions, obtaining data to create the necessary equipment for their detection and analysis
- determination of ion concentration and study of the propagation of radio waves in the ionosphere .
Experiment Results
The satellite worked until August 12, 1964 .
During the experiment, the tasks of detecting and determining the power and area of high-altitude nuclear explosions were solved. The results of the special satellite equipment were used to develop equipment for detecting nuclear explosions from space.
In the United States, such equipment was tested in 1963-64. on satellites of the Vela Hotel type , operating in much higher near-earth orbits with an altitude of about 100-200 thousand km above the Earth.
See also
- Cosmos (spacecraft)
- Dnepropetrovsk satellite
- DS-MG
- Cosmos-2 (launch vehicle)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Missiles and spacecraft of the Design Bureau "Southern", 2001 , p. 113.
- ↑ Rockets and spacecraft of the Design Bureau "Southern", 2001 .
- ↑ 1 2 Rockets and spacecraft of the Design Bureau "Southern", 2001 , p. 109.
- ↑ Rockets and spacecraft of the Design Bureau "Southern", 2001 , p. 110.
- ↑ NSSDC Master Catalog Search .
Literature
- Rockets and spacecraft Design Bureau "Southern" / Under the total. ed. S. N. Konyukhova . - Dnepropetrovsk: LLC “Kolograf”, LLC RA “Tandem-U”, 2001. - T. 1. - 240 p. - 1100 copies. - ISBN 966-7482-00-6 .
- V. Agapov. By the launch of the first satellite of the DS series // Cosmonautics News: journal. - M .: Videocosmos, 1997.- T. 7 , no. March 10-23 , No. 6/147 . Archived February 2, 2014.
Links
- Space launches and events in the USSR and Russia . Cosmos.info. Date of treatment May 3, 2013. Archived May 12, 2013.
- NSSDC / COSPAR ID . NSSDC Master Catalog Search. Date of treatment May 3, 2013. Archived May 16, 2013.