Olshany is an agro-town [1] in the Stolin district of the Brest region of Belarus . The largest rural settlement in the country [2] .
Agro town | |
Olshany | |
---|---|
belor Alshans | |
A country | Belorussia |
History and geography | |
NUM height | 127 m |
Timezone | UTC + 3 |
Population | |
Population | |
Digital identifiers | |
Telephone code | +375 +375 1655 |
Postcode | 225557 |
History
In archival sources for the first time Olshans are mentioned in 1392 , together with the village of Velemichi . In the XVI-XVIII centuries, the village is listed as part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . Since 1793 - as part of the Russian Empire . Since 1921 as part of Poland . Since 1939 as part of the Byelorussian SSR . Since 2009, officially an agro-town.
Population
About 8,000 people live in Olshans [3] - in the absolute majority of them Slavs. In the village there is a constant demographic growth, a large number of large families and a small outflow of young people. At the same time, the majority of olshans are officially unemployed ; they are engaged in farming all year round in dedicated and household plots. Almost every family has 10-15 acres of land with a greenhouse or a greenhouse, in which vegetables are grown, mainly cucumbers .
Religion
People are divided into two, almost equal in number, religious groups: Orthodox Christians and Pentecostals . The Pentecostal community consists of 1,600 adult members and about 3,000 children, which makes it one of the largest in the CIS .
In the former village two Orthodox churches were built. An old church with a 500-year history, erected in honor of the Great Martyr Paraskeva Pyatnitsa , burned down in 1980 in the winter. In 1987, a wooden church was erected and lit up in Gornaya Street in honor of the righteous virgin Juliana of Olshansky. And only 10 years later, at the same place in the center, the parishioners rebuilt and consecrated the new temple of Paraskeva Friday.
In the 90s, the Protestant movement began to actively develop, which began in the 30s and was cut short by the Soviet authorities. Members of the movement insisted on their uniqueness, denied belonging to Protestant communities, which prevented legalization for many years. Tens of families migrated to the United States. Anticipating the collapse of the USSR, in 1990, believers built the House of Prayer in Olshany, which since 2007 officially belongs to the United Church of the Eastern Orthodox Church [4] (Christian of the Evangelical Faith). Before that, members of the community called themselves simply “believers” and informally gathered for prayers in a wooden wooden house bought back together.
The community of XBE has made a huge contribution to the development of Olshans, in particular, demography. Strictly following the New Testament, members work tirelessly, oppose drunkenness and smoking, help each other in the community and everyone who turns there.
Strength
- 1886 - 873 inhabitants, 70 households [5] ;
- 1909 - 1,848 inhabitants, 303 households [5] ;
- 1921 - 1,962 inhabitants, 256 households [6] ;
- 1940 - 2,810 residents, 514 households [6] ;
- 1969 - 4,223 inhabitants, 992 farms [7] [6] ;
- 1999 - 6,067 inhabitants;
- 2005 - 6,615 inhabitants, 1,750 households [5] ;
- 2008 - approx. 7,000 inhabitants;
- 2010 - 6,763 inhabitants;
- 2011 - about 8,000 inhabitants [8] , of which 2,730 children [9] , 1,640 farms;
Employment
There are no enterprises and production facilities in Olshany. The collective farm "40 years of October" after the transformation into the SEC "Novaya Pripyat" gave a part of the land to farmers. In 2000 there were a few. Now, being an example of Belarusian agriculture, Olshany [10] in Belarus has the unofficial status of “cucumber capital”. According to the official data of the Stolin district executive committee for 2016, 25 large farms are registered in Olshany, the priority of which is growing cucumbers, tomatoes and cabbage.
Private vegetable farming is the main source of income for the population since the late 1970s, when the first greenhouses for growing cucumbers appeared in the village. Seeds of hybrids from Dutch companies are mainly used: Seminis, Bejo, Syngenta, etc. More than 90% of the vegetables produced in Stolin region (the neighboring villages followed the example) are exported to Russia to large vegetable bases in Moscow and St. Petersburg . About 5% are purchased by Belarusian procurement offices, the remaining percentage is distributed in Belarus and other cities of Russia. In addition to cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, cabbage, beets, carrots, apples, and blueberries are grown here for commercial purposes.
With the growth of population, the development of private business and infrastructure, olshantsev had more jobs. But in winter, unemployment is haunted by the population, seasonal earnings have to be distributed for the whole year.
Infrastructure
There are two schools in Olshany, in which more than 1,500 children study, two kindergartens and a nursery school. Immediately after school number 2, a sports complex was also built.
The center has an outpatient clinic for the provision of first aid.
A network of retail outlets is growing: grocery stores, private stores with inventory and chemicals for greenhouses, a supermarket, the Kolosok cafe and a canteen, the GRO-CAFE private cafe, the Alshansk Maentak hotel and restaurant complex, etc.
The largest point characterizing the activities and way of life of the population of Olšan is a platform for buying vegetables with a market for industrial goods. The huge territory for this was organized and equipped by the owner of the farm “Brodok” - Grib M.I. Trading and loading sites are adjacent to the P88 highway (David-Gorodok-Zhitkovichi) on the one hand and the huge Brodok farm on the other.
The service sector is developing - auto service is the most demanded due to the large number of transport and agricultural equipment.
Binding Transport
Through the agro-town, there is a road P88 of republican significance with a length of 114 km. This is part of a direct road that connects Olshany with the Belarusian capital and along which trucks with vegetables are sent to Moscow, St. Petersburg, less often to other cities of the Russian Federation. The nearest railway is 50 km away - it passes across the Pripyat River through the railway station in the town of Zhitkovichi, Gomel Region, on one side and at the same distance from the other side in the river. Rechitsa "Goryn."
The connection of Olshany with other settlements of Belarus is supported by a large number of commercial and state intercity transport, carrying out regular passenger traffic to nearby cities. These are route taxis and intercity buses plying several times a day along the following routes: D. Gorodok-Zhitkovichi, Stolin-Minsk, Brest-Olshany, Pinsk-Mazyr, Stolin-Gomel and others.
According to the traffic police, the largest number of cars and trucks per capita in the region is registered in Olshany. The international system of cargo transportation by private heavy trucks is well established.
Attractions
The main attraction of the a / g Olshany is the location - in 5 km is located 50 km National Park "Pripyat" , which is subordinate to the Office of the President of the Republic of Belarus since 1996. On the territory of the reserve there are several farmsteads engaged in agro-ecotourism. The largest and most visited of them is the tourist base "Pripyatsky Stan", owned by the logistics company Dominic.
There are few local attractions that are directly related to the agro-town of Olshany:
- The Big House of Culture with the Lenin monument in front of it, built in the center during the Soviet era for leisure and entertainment of citizens, does not represent a special architectural value.
- The small Cucumber Monument , installed by the owner in 2018 on the territory of the local catering point - Alshanskaga Maentka, attracts the attention of guests.
- Church Paraskeva Friday in the center.
Notes
- ↑ Center for the implementation of scientific and technical developments. Brest Regional Executive Committee. Stolin district executive committee - Decision of the Stolin district executive committee of 05.07.2016, № 1339 “On the formation of polling stations for the elections of deputies of the House of Representatives of the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus of the sixth convocation” . stolin.brest-region.gov.by. Date of treatment is November 5, 2016. (unavailable link)
- ↑ The Olshansk miracle: a village that refuted Marx . Nasha Niva The appeal date is April 20, 2019.
- ↑ The Olshansk miracle: a village that refuted Marx , Nasha Niva . The appeal date is November 7, 2016.
- ↑ Local churches of KhVE xn - b1agz2ae.xn - 90ais. The appeal date is October 8, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Garady and All Belarus, p. 562.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Garady and All Belarus, p. 563.
- ↑ Belarusian Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969
- ↑ [ http://realt.onliner.by/2012/02/18/olshan Olshansky phenomenon. Residents of the largest village in Belarus give birth to 7 children and refuse to live in Minsk // onliner.by
- ↑ ; [ http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/Detskij-sad-i-shkola-otkryvajutsja-v-Olshanax-Stolinskogo-rajona-1-sentjabrja_i_570282.html Kindergarten and school open in Olshany / / BelTA
- ↑ Olshany - an example of Belarusian agriculture (Rus.) , Portfolio of an unknown copywriter (August 11, 2013). The appeal date is October 8, 2016.