Cosmos-613 ( GUKOS Index - 11F615A8 , 7K-T No. 36) is a Soviet unmanned transport spacecraft launched to test the systems of the Soyuz 7K-T transport vehicle.
| Cosmos-613 | |
|---|---|
| 11F615A8 , 7K-T No. 34A | |
 Soyuz 7K-T, after the modification, ensured the delivery of two cosmonauts into orbit in Sokol spacesuits, there are no solar panels. | |
| Manufacturer |  TsKBEM |
| Operator | |
| Tasks | Tests of Soyuz 7K-T spacecraft systems |
| Satellite | Satellite |
| Launch pad | Baikonur 1 |
| Launch vehicle | 11A511 " Union " |
| Launch | November 30, 1973 05:16:00 UTC |
| Descent from orbit | January 29, 1974 |
| NSSDC ID | 1973-096A |
| SCN | 06957 |
| Specifications | |
| Platform | Soyuz 7K-T |
| Weight | 6675 kg |
| Dimensions | 7.48 m |
| Diameter | 2.72 m |
| Mover | KTDU-35 |
| Elements of the orbit | |
| Eccentricity | 0,00754 |
| Mood | 51.6 ° |
| Circulation period | 89.1 minutes |
| Apocenter | 295 km |
| Pericenter | 195 km |
| Project site | |
The Cosmos-613 spacecraft was launched on November 30, 1973, with the Soyuz launch vehicle (index 11A511, serial number C15000-29) from launch pad No. 1 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
Creation History
In the second half of 1969, work was underway at the TsKBEM to create a long-term orbital station (DOS). To deliver the crews to the station, it was decided to create a transport ship based on Soyuz 7K-OK. This modification of the "Union" received the designation "7K-T" (transport) and the index 11F615A8 [1] .
At the beginning of 1972, work was carried out at TsKBEM to modify the Soyuz 7K-T outline design to realize the possibility of using this ship to provide the Almaz orbital station. A new modification of the ship received the index 11F615A9 . [one]
Design
The design of the Soyuz 7K-T spacecraft made it possible to transport a crew of two people into low Earth orbit. The length of the ship was 7.48 m, and the maximum diameter did not exceed 2.72 m. The volume of the living compartment is 11 m 3 . The total mass of the ship was 6.85 tons, of which the fuel accounted for no more than 500 kg [2] .
Propulsion
Ships of the Soyuz 7K-OK, 7K-T and 7K-T / A9 series were equipped with the KTDU-35 corrective-brake propulsion system, developed in 1962-1967 by the team of the Design Bureau of Chemical Engineering (now - KBKhM named after Isaev ). DU KTDU-35 has two liquid - propellant rocket engines - the main and reserve ones, which operate when the main engine fails or when auxiliary engines deviate in operation.
The main LPRE - was a single-chamber multiple-engagement open-circuit liquid propellant rocket engine with a pump feed of self-igniting fuel [3] .
Heptyl in combination with nitric acid oxidizer - AT was used as fuel. To control the automation of the remote control, compressed nitrogen was used [4] .
The main rocket engine allowed to develop maximum thrust up to 4.09 kN , specific impulse up to 280 seconds. The pressure in the combustion chamber is not more than 3.92 MPa , the pressure at the outlet of the chamber is 3.9 kPa, the maximum allowable number of starts is up to 25 with a duration of operation from fractions to several hundred seconds. Maximum run time over 500 seconds.
The reserve liquid-propellant rocket engine - a two-chamber with steering nozzles operating on generator gas, made it possible to develop a maximum thrust of 4.03 kN with a specific impulse of no more than 270 seconds [4] .
Flight Descriptions
Launch
The Cosmos-613 spacecraft was launched on November 30, 1973, with the Soyuz launch vehicle ( index 11A511 , serial number C15000-29) from launch pad No. 1 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome [5] .
Flight Program
After the Soyuz-11 disaster, the next manned ship was supposed to be Soyuz 7K-T No. 33, but all manned launches were canceled. All remaining ships were converted into automatic and modified according to the requirements of the emergency commission. In this case, all converted ships received the prefix - "A". Soyuz 7K-T No. 33A was launched in June 1972 in autonomous flight.
Among the ships ready at that time, the oldest were ships No. 34, No. 35 and No. 36, so they were converted into automatic ones and made decisions, if the ships passed all test flights, to conduct a manned flight.
The first unmanned spacecraft No. 36 launched into space on June 15, 1973 , and in September 1973 the manned Soyuz-12 (No. 37). In November 1973, the automatic Soyuz 7K-T No. 34 and No. 34A was launched for life tests of spacecraft systems for 60 days in real space flight conditions. All tests were successful and manned flights were restored [6] .
See also
- Soyuz-12
- Diamond (space program)
- Union (booster)
- Union (spaceship)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 The legendary ship Soyuz, 2002 .
- ↑ Encyclopedia Astronautica .
- ↑ The main development engines of KBHM .
- ↑ 1 2 Rocket engines. Russian space program .
- ↑ NSSDC Master Catalog Search .
- ↑ Flights of the Soyuz series ships .
Articles
- Shamsutdinov S. The legendary Soyuz spacecraft // Cosmonautics News . - 2002. - No. 4 . Archived February 21, 2014.
- Marchukov Yuri. The “Union” is indestructible // Kaliningrad Truth (Korolev). - 2003. Archived on April 21, 2012.
- I. Afanasyev, I. Marinin, S. Shamsutdinov. A quarter-century “To Diamond // Cosmonautics News . - 2003.
Links
- Rocket engines . Russian space program. Date of treatment May 3, 2013. Archived May 16, 2013.
- Flights of the Soyuz series ships . NSSDC Master Catalog Search. Date of treatment May 3, 2013. Archived May 16, 2013.
- The main development engines of KBHM . Design bureau of chemical engineering named after A.M. Isaev (KBHM). Date of treatment May 3, 2013. Archived May 16, 2013.
- 50 years have passed since the launch of the Cosmos-1 satellite (inaccessible link) . FSUE TsNIImash . Date of treatment May 3, 2013. Archived May 16, 2013.
- Space launches and events in the USSR and Russia . Cosmos.info. Date of treatment May 3, 2013. Archived May 12, 2013.
- Soyuz 7K-T (English) (inaccessible link - history ) . Encyclopedia Astronautica. Date of treatment May 3, 2013.
- NSSDC / COSPAR ID: 1974-036A (English) . NSSDC Master Catalog Search. Date of treatment May 3, 2013. Archived May 16, 2013.