Khorgos ( Kaz. Korgas ) is a river in Kazakhstan and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China , the right-hand tributary of the Ili River basin of Lake Balkhash [1] . From February 12, 1881 (the Treaty of the Iliysky Territory ) [2] Khorgos is a border river , forming the border first between the Russian Empire and the Qin Empire, then between the USSR and the PRC , and, after 1991, between Kazakhstan ( Almaty region ) and the PRC ( XUAR ). The choice of the river as a border was not accidental. In the summer, Khorgos is full of water due to the melting of glaciers and far from everywhere we go to the ford, despite the fact that the river repeatedly breaks into branches, some of which spread far to the sides, disappearing into the Karakum sands surrounding the lower reaches of the river, or stagnating in reed beds. [2] . On the river there are several small but intensively developing settlements due to their border position, the main of which is Khorgos , where the customs and the border post of the Republic of Kazakhstan are located [3] .
| Horgos | |
|---|---|
| kaz KorҚas | |
| Characteristic | |
| Length | 180 km |
| Pool | 1310 km² |
| Water flow | 16.5 m³ / s |
| Watercourse | |
| Source | Kazankol |
| • Height | 2219 m |
| • Coordinates | |
| Mouth | Or |
| • Height | 533 m |
| • Coordinates | |
| Location | |
| Kazakhstan | Alma-Ata's region |
| China | Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region |
Hydrography
The river begins at the border of Kazakhstan and China, in the highland junction of the Dzungarian Alatau and Boro-Horo ranges [4] . Flowing southward. Closer to the mouth of the river flow slows down and the course expands. Several canals were conducted near the villages of Baskunshy and Almaly [1] . On the coast of the river are pastures. Khorgos has three main tributaries: Kazankol , Baskol and Kazantau . The food is glacial , snowy , to a lesser extent rain and underground. The largest in the Khorgos Basin is the Voyekov Glacier . The length of the river is about 180 km, of which about 160 km is the border between Kazakhstan and the PRC .
The Khorgos River forms a wide and extremely muddy valley [5] . The sources of mudflows are numerous (over 20) [3] high-mountain lakes, the most famous of which is called lake No. 2 Kapkan. On May 18-19, 2011, during a flood, the flow rate in the river reached 83 cubic meters per second [6] , although on average it is usually 16.5 m³ / s. Kazselezaschita is forced to constantly monitor the river’s hydrography in order to avoid disasters. In recent years, Kazakhstan and the People's Republic of China have been negotiating on water distribution, construction of the “Dostyk” hydroelectric complex, village-protecting dams, building bridges, monitoring the ecological state of the river and others.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Korgas // Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia . - Almaty: Kazakh Encyclopedias , 2005. - T. III. - ISBN 9965-9746-4-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 Grumm Grzhimailo | Description of travel to Western China . Archived May 19, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 Golden Dzungaria. // YaPlakal
- ↑ Khorgos // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons. (82 tons and 4 additional.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Yandex.Video . The date of circulation is May 14, 2013. Archived January 23, 2013.
- ↑ The water in the Khorgos River has subsided, and emergency personnel continue to monitor. // News "News - Kazakhstan"