Sotaki dialects

Sotkian dialects are common in the eastern part of the Prešov region ^[2] - in adjacent territories of the western part of the Humenne region and the eastern part of the Snin region - in the middle reaches of the Laborets river at the confluence of the Cyroha river. The carriers of the Sotavian dialects are representatives of a small Slovak sub-ethnic group sotak . This group of Slovaks received the name from the interrogative pronoun so used in their dialects ( words. Čo , Eastern words . Co “what”).
In the west, the Sotka dialects border on the region of the Zemplin dialects, in the north and east - with the Levkov dialect dialects . From the south and southeast, the territory of the Uzhsk dialects ^{[2] [3] [4]} adjoins the Sotai dialects.

Sotavian dialects are characterized by most of the dialectal traits of the East Slovak dialect, such as ^{[6] [8]} :

1. Combinations of roT- , loT- in place of pre-Slavic combinations * orT- , * olT- are not under acute stress: lokec “elbow”, rokita “rakita”, loňi “last year”, etc.
2. Presence of pre-Slavic nasal ę after labial consonants / e / (in short syllable): meso "meat", hovedo "cattle", dzevec "nine", etc., and / ɪ̯a / (in long syllable): pamɪ̯atka "memory "," Monument ", dzevɪ̯ati " ninth ", etc.
3. Lack of long vowels: mam “(I) have,” davam “(I) give,” luka “meadow”, dobri “kind”, “good”, etc.
4. Combinations of smooth and vowel in place of syllable [r̥] and [l̥]: / ar / ( tvardi "hard"); / er / ( śerco "heart"); / ir / ( virba along with vɪ̯erba / verba "willow"); / ri /; / al / ( halboki "deep"); / el / ( vil'k / vel'k "wolf"); / ol /, / ul / ( polno / pulno “full”), / lu / ( slunko “sun”), / li / ( hl'iboko “deep”).
5. Change soft / t ' / and / d' / in [c], [dz]: dzeci “children”, dzedzina “village”, cixo “quietly”, volac “call out”, etc.
6. The ending of nouns is the общееoch , common to the forms of the genitive and local case of the plural of all three genders: bratox “brothers”, “about brothers”, ženox “women”, “about women”, mestox “cities”, “about cities”, and ending -om , common to the dative form of the plural of all three genera: bratom “brother”, ženom “woman”, mestom “city”;
7. The ending -ima in the instrumental case of the plural of adjectives and pronouns: s tima dobrima "with these good", z mojima "with mine", n'ima "with them", etc.
8. The presence of such past tense forms of the verb byt "to be" like bul "he was," bula "she was," bulo "it was," bul'i "they were," and other dialectal features.

In addition, a number of local phenomena of their own are noted in the Sotk dialects, which include ^[6] :

1. Shallow stress.
2. The pronunciation of the double / nn / in words like kamenni , slamenni .
3. The presence of sound [š] in the group / str /: štreda , štriblo , etc.
4. The presence of a vowel [ä] in cases of the type kur'ä , dz'ic'ä , s'ä , m'äso , zajäc , v'äzac , etc.
5. Use of semi-soft consonants in cases such as dac ' , radz'ic' , p'ätok , etc.
6. The distribution of the interrogative pronoun so (words. Letters. Čo "what")

Sources

1. Short D. Slovak // The Slavonic Languages ​​/ Edited by Comrie B., Corbett G. - London, New York: Routledge, 1993. - P. 533-592. - ISBN 0-415-04755-2 .
2. L. Kalnyn, E., Klepikova G. P. Questions of dialectology at the XII International Congress of Slavists // Questions of linguistics / Klepikova G. P. - M .: Nauka , 1999. - P. 20–38.
3. L. Smirnov. The Slovak Language // Languages ​​of the World: Slavic Languages. - M. , 2005. - p. 274-309. - ISBN 5-87444-216-2 .

• Pitt.edu (English) . - Map of Slovak Dialects. Archived May 12, 2013. (Checked May 7, 2013)